Izindululo Unxibelelwano kwisicatshulwa: imizekelo. izindululo Unxibelelwano kwisicatshulwa, iintlobo zonxibelelwano

Ukuba badlulisele kwabanye okanye mna, ndiye ndiqonde ukuba ndifuna ukuthi, abantu basebenzisa ezibhalwe avakalisa kulwimi olubhaliweyo okanye oluthethwayo, ngokuvakalayo okanye ngokwasengqondweni. Ngokuqhelekileyo le nkqubo ibandakanya eliqela enxulumene ngayo intsingiselo kunye nezivakalisi zegrama. umbhalo Russian kubume bayo, zingohluka kwezo ntetho kunye nokwakhiwa kwezivakalisi kunye namabinzana kwezinye iilwimi.

Ingcamango yombhalo

Nakuphi na okubhaliweyo kufuneka azale intsingiselo ngokucacileyo umkhondo ngeziganeko zebali. Umxholo wesicatshulwa - koko kuxutyushwayo. Le wadala ukudlulisa ulwazi malunga nayiphi na isihloko ezikhethiweyo, idluliselwe ngohlobo kwezindululo ngamnye, umanyaniswe umxholo efanayo esemantiki.

isigwebo ngalinye kwisicatshulwa ukuze avotayo microtome ukunceda ibonisa imixholo eqhelekileyo. Kwelinye icala, intetho engqinelanayo na izimvo eziphambili zetekisi utyhila ingcamango, oko kukuthi into ebe lwenziwe.

Umxholo kunye ingcamango itekisi isoloko oqhagamshelwano phakathi kwaye enze isiqulatho ingxelo. Ingcamango basic akwazi luboniswe kwelinye kuhlu, okanye isandi kwi header. Okubhaliweyo ibe nentsingiselo, kukho iindlela ukunxibelelana linikeza.

Ukongeza, itekisi nganye isakhiwo ecacileyo iimpawu ezichaza oko njengeyunithi olumnandi.

iimpawu zetekisi

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ngaba ingxelo yesicatshulwa, ufanele wazi ukuba ababa kuye:

• Okokuqala, lo itekisi isoloko ulwazi, ngoko, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo linikeza zonxibelelwano, zonke ezintsha na ukubhengezwa mxholo, kungekhona ekuphindwa kuyo efanayo.
• Okwesibini, i-connectivity, ekubeni zonke isindululo okulandelayo enxulumene phakathi intsingiselo engaphambili.
• Okwesithathu, ingqibelelo eyenziwe yi umanyano umxholo kunye ingcinga ephambili ngaphakathi umxholo edizwe.
• Okwesine, okubhaliweyo unalo ngesiphelo, kwenzeka ntoni xa ingcinga engundoqo zidluliselwa kumphulaphuli okanye kumfundi.

• Okwesihlanu, umbhalo usoloko kunokwenzeka ukuba "uqhekeko" ibe ziziqwenga ezincinane, ezifana imihlathi.
• LeSithandathu, okubhaliweyo kufuneka ne meko, okanye kwemoto, leyo ukuqonda kwaye baziqonde kumphulaphuli okanye kumfundi.

On ezi zizathu sikwazi ukuba ngesiphakamiso okubhaliweyo okanye bengenanto yakwenza omnye komnye.

Ubume wesicatshulwa

Inikeza imveliso anxulunyaniswa omnye komnye ngokusebenzisa:

• uqhagamshelo lendawo, ezifana kumhlathi;
• unxibelelwano wonke, nto leyo imbono intsingiselo yetekisi ngokupheleleyo;
• unxibelelwano zoqhagamshelwano izindululo njengoko ziyahambisana olandelayo;
• unxibelelwano kude apho icandelo macandelo yokuthetha ucacisa amalungu esicatshulwa.

Enye inkomba Kwisicatshulwa nesakhiwo sayo, nto leyo equka intshayelelo, inxalenye umbindi kunye nesiphelo (isiphelo).

iingcebiso link Chain kwisicatshulwa

Iindlela iminikelo zonxibelelwano zahlulwe zibe kwinqanaba lungelelanisa, morphological, zesakhiwo lwesemantiki kunye syntactic. Kwinqanaba zesakhiwo yesemantiki esiwaphawula ngayo chain neentlobo engumzekelo zonxibelelwano. Chain unxibelelwano phakathi izindululo lucebisa ukuba ingxelo nganye ezilandelayo ityhila intsingiselo ezidlulileyo. Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa:

• ukuphindaphinda lungelelanisa ;
• Izithethantonye;
• amagama ukutshintshwa.

Imizekelo iziphakamiso yonxibelelwano kwisicatshulwa :

• Legend yokuba entabeni ephakamileyo ngekhephu sisixeko omhle indyebo nentlalo nolonwabo. Kwisixeko akukho sifo kunye nendlala, yaye wonke umhlali elilindele ubomi obungunaphakade. ubomi obungunaphakade kungekho imfazwe, ngaphandle indlala kunye nobudala endala banyazelisa amadoda anamandla, aye afune komzi twisiseka. Izindululo anxulunyaniswa ngokuphindaphinda lungelelanisa, apho ingcamango esisiseko kweengxelo zangaphambili yabhengezwa zilandelayo kuye.

• Ndibukele entsha ifilimu. Comedy waba funny ngokwenene. Kule fomu yokunxibelelana esetyenziswa ngokubuyisela i nganye izithethantonye ezinye: filimu - comedy.
• Ndifunda incwadi umdla. Yena wathimba engqondweni yam kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezizayo. Izindululo ezinxulumene ukutshintshwa igama usebenzisa incwadi kuso isimelabizo.

Xa kutshintshwa amagama adla ngokusetyenziswa izimelabizo zokwalatha zobuqu, izimelabizo, nezihlomelo kunye namagama encedisayo. Kwakhona kusoloko kusetyenziswa ezi ntlobo-NMMU zonxibelelwano njengoko imvume ngomlomo, umzekelo:

• Night afikelwe. Iinkwenkwezi yokuqala esibhakabhakeni. Kungakhathaliseki ilizwi pass, intsingiselo yetekisi icacile kwaye kuthetha ukuba xa ngokuhlwa esibhakabhakeni iinkwenkwezi yokuqala ukuvela.

uqhagamshelo ukufana

Ukuvala iziphakamiso ekwisicatshulwa ithetha ukuba ezizimeleyo ngokupheleleyo yaye oluncedisanayo omnye komnye. Xa uxhulumaniso enjalo okanye achaseneyo okanye ifaniswe nenye, okanye ukudlulisela nantoni na.

Olu hlobo lonxibelelwano ekwafanekisa le yindlela efanayo amagama, izivakalisi kunye namalungu kufuneka uhlobo olufanayo iifom ntetho. Amaninzi ekuvaleni izindululo esetyenziswa yi ngababhali ukuya sketch kukho umfanekiso echanileyo ngakumbi into eyenzekayo kwinkcazo. Ekubeni ngamnye izindululo kwesi sicatshulwa ezizimeleyo, iyavuleka i "umda" lo mcimbi. Oku ukuzibonakalisa ngokusebenzisa ezahlukeneyo ubuchule.

Imizekelo iziphakamiso yonxibelelwano kwisicatshulwa:

1. Apha weva isikhalo yokuqala yalila. Apha khaphukhaphu isibhakabhaka mpuma. Yiloo inkwenkwezi enye kuphela ngasekhohlo esibhakabhakeni. Apha kuza ngentsasa usuku olutsha. isiqalo esifanayo isindululo nganye indibanisa zibe inkcazo yombhalo yokusasaza olunye isiganeko - kodwa okukhona anaphoric.

2. Ngomhla asphalt amachaphaza yokuqala imvula bawa. Abadlulayo waqala ukuthatha yamaHindu. Kulo mzekelo, udibaniso engumzekelo iziphakamiso kwisicatshulwa lwenziwa ngokuhlanganisa enye nesenzeko - imvula - yindlela ubhalo zonxibelelwano.
3. Imoto ushiye negaraji. yaba Isitrato nangoku ezingenanto kunye nenzolo. Ilanga ekuphumeni nje kubaphathi bomzi. Inikeza uhlobo olufanayo zidibene ngokusebenzisa nangomlilo yabo.

uqhagamshelo Umfuziselo iziphakamiso kwisicatshulwa zinokudityaniswa ukwenza umxokelelwane kunye ulandelelwano enxuseneyo-chain.

chain Okhunye-link

Ngaxeshanye, umxokelelwane kuthiwa iqhina xa zombini ezi ntlobo asetyenziswa kwisicatshulwa efanayo. Kulo mzekelo, isivakalisi sesibini liqhagamshelaniswe uxhulumaniso lokuqala parallel, kwaye elesithathu enxulumene yesibini kwaye unxulunyaniswa link chain.

Imizekelo iziphakamiso zonxibelelwano kokubhaliweyo ifomu ukufana-chain:

• Eyona umdla yaba isifundo zemichiza. Yintoni kuba kwimibhobho uvavanyo kunye zaphatha phezu kwedesika katitshala? Luhlobo olunjani eni zezazinzulu ezinkulu kunye neetafile kunye icon olungileyo akuxhome eludongeni - yonke into entsha abafundi abathe got apha kuqala. Izivakalisi yesibini kwaye wesithathu amaqhina oqhagamshelwano link chain usebenzisa ekuqaleni enye, ngelixa enengqondo uxhulumaniso lokuqala nolwesibini ezidityanisiweyo ngaxeshanye.
• Kwisitrato kabukhali esibandayo. Nesigidi ubushushu lehla ukuba umvo zero. Wabonisa ngqele, kwaye oku kwakuthetha ukuba Ubusika akulula kuyinika phezulu. Izivakalisi lokuqala nolwesibini sabo, yaye bamanyene yi into enye - okupholisa, lo gama isindululo wesithathu ubhekiselele ikhonkco chain yesibini ngokususa amagama.

Kule hlobo unxibelelwano lungumceli-disclosure epheleleyo ngakumbi iziganeko ezichazwe okanye ukudluliselwa.

Nathi unikeza lungelelanisa

Ukuba uhlobo lungelelanisa yonxibelelwano inika umbhalo Russian nekhabhoni phindwa la mazwi okanye lunye. Kanye indlela itekisi Zinjalo style esemthethweni kunye noshishino, yaye iincwadi - nenkcazelo. Umzekelo:

• Kanye phezu utatomkhulu kunye nomfazi. Bekukho umkhulu wam umfazi nabantwana.
• Imbali - isayensi imisebenzi yabantu ngaphambili. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, wabakho ngaphambi kokuba ukuvela Homo sapiens, kwaye ukuba iziganeko zenzeka izolo, yonke into uba imbali.

Kwakhona, ngenxa izindululo lungelelanisa iquka ufake amagama njengoko ntonye okanye nezichasi okanye ulwalamano lwabo generic. Imizekelo iziphakamiso yonxibelelwano kwisicatshulwa:

• It wabonakala phezu nqaba ikhoyo. Akamsalisela waba enamandla ngaphezu njengoko besondela kuye. Ukuthathwa kunye nezithetha-ntonye.

• Omnye Imidlalo evuthelweyo ngesithomo yayimfutshane. Enye - elide. aphikisanayo Used.

Ngoko ke, i "namarhela" iingcebiso kwisicatshulwa usebenzisa ubudlelwane lungelelanisa.

syntax yonxibelelwano

Kule fomu lonxibelelwano ziphakamiso twatse kubume. Le ndlela kuthiwa okukhona syntactic, umzekelo:

- Kuyimfuneko ukuba ngcono. Kufuneka ukuba ube ngcono kunaye izolo.

iziphakamiso nangomlilo (ukudibanisa libe iyunithi eyodwa kunye ixabiso Uhlobo efanayo) asetyenziselwa uxhulumaniso parallel, umzekelo:

- Amadada kunye weentaka kuqubha kufuphi nonxweme. kwaqhutywa cwaka de xa elinye mkhanyo ukuphosa yamaqhekeza esonka emanzini kwedike. Kuqaliswe zinani kunye abathulise.

Xa umongo syntactic rhoqo kusetyenziswa amagama, unikezelo lokuvala in umbhalo owodwa: ngendlela ekhankanywe apha ngasentla kunye like.

iindlela Morphological zokunxibelelana

Xa iintlobo morphological zokunxibelelana ezisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo:

• indawo izibizo ukuba izimelabizo - In ehlathini imithi emininzi. Ngokutsho indlela kumlawula, kunokwenzeka ukuba kugweba malunga nokubunjwa kwayo. Izibizo athathelwa indawo izimelabizo.
• izenzi ixesha uhlobo - ibhudlwa ngesiquphe kwavuka. Umbrella hlasi ezandleni. Izenzi yohlobo isixando na kwixesha elidlulileyo.

• amasuntswana kunye namagama ezitshayelela - Yena engalunganga. Ngenxa yoko, abahlobo bakhe ayizange inkxaso.

uqhagamshelo Morphological ngoyena ngokuqhelekileyo asetyenziswe kwizicatshulwa ubugcisa ngayo umlinganiswa esichazayo okanye esibalisayo.