Izithethantonye Linguistic neyendawo

Izithethantonye - amagama afanayo okanye twatse entsingiselo kunye neempawu ezahlukeneyo novakalelo okuloba. Baya kuza kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ulwimi, isimbo. Kukho kwakhona ntonye ekusetyenzwa phantsi kwazo.

Xa inkcazelo ebanzi nangamagama amaxabiso ezifanayo okanye twatse uvakalisa ingqiqo mnye, sigxininise iimpawu zayo ezahlukeneyo, ezahlukeneyo kule ezichazayo iimpawu zendlela combinability. Le ndlela esiqonda engqalene ngeelwimi zale mihla kwaye kwasekwa phantse zonke iilwimi zaseYurophu.

Okufanayo izigaba zentetho

Izithethantonye Iilwimi neyendawo luphawulwa yokuba ungasoloko uthelekisa enye inxalenye yokuthetha. iimeko Morphological ekuhlaleni kuyafuneka yabo. Ngenxa yoko, ngolwimi Russian ekunokuthiwa amazwi umzuzwana kunye okomzuzwana, ijeli kunye ijeli, kunye nobuxoki omkhulu enkulu kunye ubuxoki ngaye, ke, ukuba njalo njalo.

iintlobo ntonye

Ngolwimi Russian kukho ngaphezu kwamawaka alishumi series kuyahambisana, kunye neendidi ezahlukeneyo zabelwa ngenxa kweekhrayitheriya substantive.

- doublets - ntonye elililo, oko kukuthi amagama twatse ngokupheleleyo intsingiselo (nemvubu kunye nemvubu, Ezolimi kunye Ezolimi).

doublets Net kulwimi akwanelanga. Amagama kunye nemvubu imvubu kwahluka ngokusekelwe yenzululwazi kunye nesayensi, nomphambukeli yayo. iba yingxaki xa ingqiqo uvale ngokwexabiso. Izithethi ndazalelwa zilula ngokwaneleyo ukuba ukuchaza ukungafani phakathi kwabo ungaziva. Kunzima ngakumbi xa kufikwa izithetha-ntonye kwisemantiki: House kunye nokwakha - iyunithi le "ndlu" lisetyenziswa kuphela xa sithetha ngabantu abahlala kuzo. Le ukubandakanywa ulwalamano generic.

- seIRT, YobuzweKCharselect kunye izithethantonye lwesemantiki - amagama okuluphawu izidanga ezahlukeneyo kubonisa iimpawu. Umzekelo: i entle emangalisayo.

- izithethantonye okuloba - amagama ukunika impendulo ezahlukeneyo iimvakalelo kunye yokuhlola kuthetha: ukubaleka, ukubaleka okanye ezitum; amehlo, emehlweni okanye Zenk.

- uhlobo mixed - izithethantonye lwesemantiki okuloba ahlukeneyo inxalenye iintsingiselo sengqiqo igcwele kakhulu. Umzekelo: a oneentloni, ndithule, igwala.

Izithethantonye Linguistic neyendawo

Izithethantonye kubekiwe kweelwimi, kwaye ukuba yinxalenye macrocomponent lulonke ingqiqo Seme kungakhathaliseki ukuba imeko, ebizwa ulwimi: nebomvu nemsi, nebomvu, ezimfusa njalo njalo. mazwi kuyahambisana ngamaxesha onke, kungakhathaliseki ukuba imeko elisetyenziswe kuyo. Kubo, izichazi-yesiko zibhalwa.

Intetho okanye factors amaxabiso noFaro izithethantonye umboniso kuphela kwisicatshulwa esithile kwaye akukho ulwimi eqhelekileyo Sem. Kuba indlela yabo ngokwaneleyo sengqiqo Le unxulumano, nto leyo ethetha ukuba babe amagama ezibangela isithethi okanye umbhali ezingqondweni yonxulumano ezithile. Ngokupheleleyo iingqiqo ezahlukeneyo ukungena ntonye ubudlelwane, athetha into enye kwaye endaweni ngokukhululekileyo omnye komnye kwimeko ethile, kodwa kuphela ngaphakathi kwemida yawo. Xa izichazi-magama, ukuba azifani.