"Izulu Makabongwe" - icon ye nguMama kaThixo. Yintoni bambongoze icon?

Kwiitempile Moscow pre-revolution waba icon imimangaliso emininzi, waqubuda, abaye yacela uncedo kuzo zonke ngemicimbi yobomi. Ukukhala kweentsimbi ngokukhawuleza kubo abantu Orthodox. Ke phakathi kwabo abo ingakumbi iziqu. Beza bevela kulo lonke eRashiya. Omnye wabo kuthiwa "Malibongwe eZulwini." On iya kuba ibali lethu.

Inkangeleko yomfanekiso ngokungummangaliso eRashiya

Malunga nendlela kukho eRashiya kulo mfanekiso emangalisayo, ezotywe izimvo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokutsho kuguqulelo mnye, kwinkulungwane XIV, i icon waziswa eMoscow ukusuka ESmolensk umfazi elimhlonelayo Prince Vasily Dmitrievich - Sofia Vitovtovna. ESmolensk, yena wathunyelwa evela eConstantinople kunye neminye imifanekiso yakudala. Xa enye inguqulo ye icon ke imvelaphi yasentshona. Kodwa olu guqulelo mncinci obucacileyo kuba lisekelwe kuphela iimpawu iconographic yokubhala yakhe.

Kukho iqela elikhethekileyo Marian icon, ebizwa ngokuba "akafistnye". main Indawo yabo ukuba badumise ukumkanikazi wezulu. Ngamnye kubo ingoma yovuyo nendumiso imbeko yakhe. Eli qela eka "Siyingenelo esibhakabhakeni" - icon ye nguMama kaThixo. Yintoni uthandaza phambi kwalo? ngezinto ezininzi. Kodwa okona kubalulekileyo - nkongomiso kwi indlela ekhokelela eZulwini. Musa ukushiya Lady Lwethu bonke, ukuze sibambelele ukholo lwakhe.

Prototype indlela onobabalo

Kukholelwa ukuba i icon ye nguMama kaThixo "Siyingenelo isibhakabhaka" njengoko kwase unalo umfanekiso ezahlukeneyo, eyaziwa ngokuba "Lo umfazi ethiwe wambu ngelanga". Kuboniswe kulo mzobo of the Virgin kunye Child ezingalweni zakhe emi phezu kwenyanga Crescent. isahluko lwakhe ebekwa yi isithsaba, yaye yonke engqongwe ngemitha. Isizathu yokubhala yakhe yaqala ukuba emgceni encwadini Ioanna Bogoslova.

UMpostile oyiNgcwele ichaza nje ndinyobulule ayibonayo umfazi ezulwini exhakamfula kwelanga, wazala umntwana, lowo wayemiselwe ukuba abe ngumfundisi bonke abantu behlabathi. Yenziwe kwi Western Europe ngenkulungwane XV, olu hlobo iconographic kwiminyaka engamakhulu ezimbini eRashiya. Wanika ukunyuka ekubhaleni Marian ii icon, kuquka "Ilanga" kunye icon ye nguMama kaThixo "kwesibhakabhaka Siyingenelo."

Umfanekiso ibandla eMoscow

Orthodox Russia ngezi icon e imbeko ekhethekileyo. Owayemdala kubo i icon kwi "zezulu Siyingenelo" Virgin, ibekwe ke iNgelosi Cathedral Moscow yesicelo. Yaba ikopi i icon yamandulo, ebhalwe ngokomyalelo bosuku Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Kuba kwenziwe isakhelo esilivere ekhandiweyo. Ngowe-1812, lo, kodwa emva kweminyaka embalwa, indawo entsha. Ezinye iinxalenye zayo, ngelishwa, akazange asinde.

Namhlanje i icon igcinwa kwi Moscow Cathedral ye-zingelosi. ukuhlonipha abasingethe kuyo enxulumene igama Moscow Metropolitan Filaret (Drozdov). Ngowe-1853 wayalela ukuba aqokelele onke amaxwebhu ezikhoyo enxulumene ndlela 'izulu Siyingenelo. " Icon uthathe indawo yayo iconostasis oluhlaziyiweyo isonto, naphezu imiyalelo Metropolitan kabini ngonyaka, oko kwenziwa loo mbhiyozo. Ukongeza, yonke imini imbeko yakhe ente inkonzo ekhethekileyo ngomthandazo. nabasemzini ezininzi wathwala amakhandlela, izibane ioli yakhe. uluhlu olutsha kunye nomfanekiso "isibhakabhaka Siyingenelo" senziwa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela. Le icon ngoku kwenye iintlafuno kummandla Yaroslavl.

Ngomfanekiso odumileyo V. M. Vasnetsova

Ibali lo mfanekiso ngokungummangaliso bekuya kuba njengezingaphelelanga ukuba andithanga ndikukhumbule ngomfanekiso edume St. Vladimir Cathedral e Kiev, umsebenzi V. M. Vasnetsova. Lo msebenzi mkhulu kangangokuba kubalulekile ukukhangela iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe. Ibali lakhe kuphela umdla, kodwa emangalisayo.

Ngowe-1885, enye yeenkokheli ebhalisa kwetempile elisanda kwakhiwa, uNjingalwazi A. Prakhov wamema Vasnetsov ukupeyinta iindonga, kodwa ukugula unyana wakhe kuthintele oyindlela ukwamkela esi sipho. Noko ke, ingcamango umfanekiso Lady wethu Bababamba ke kubo, wathi watshintsha ingqondo yakhe. Umfutho wakhonza njengoko imeko azibona: inkosikazi yakhe ephethe usana ngesandla - nyana vskinuvshego kwi ukudubuleka ngovuyo izandla kancinane.

"Esibhakabhakeni Siyingenelo" - i icon eliye laba yinxalenye etempileni

Ngelo xesha, e Kiev, ekugqibezeleni itempile womzobo. UNjingalwazi Prakhov neqela abancedisi ndimncinile iindonga abasandula zisindwe. Ukutyabeka, njengokuba sisazi, iyoma edyokhweni womile kunye neendawo ukukhanya mzuzu kunye mnyama, ekrwada ngakumbi. Ukuya inxalenye eludongeni apho kufuneka kubekho indlela zaaltarny, ngequbuliso ukubona iindonga eyomileyo mhlophe le ekrwada ngakumbi kuba kwindawo emnyama, umphandle wayo ngathi umfanekiselo Virgin kunye Child ezingalweni zakhe.

Prakhov nangoko eboniswe oko wabona, bonke abo bakhoyo ukuqinisekisa. Xa Vasnetsov weza Kiev ne wambonisa mzobo, wathi makatha - umphandle Onyulu ngqo utshatise umfanekiso wabona umfazi wakhe, nonyana wakhe ezingalweni zakhe. Echukumisekile koko wakubonayo, waya kusebenza. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, eludongeni yecawa ahombise ngomfanekiso odumileyo "isibhakabhaka Siyingenelo." Le icon, nto leyo yaba yinxalenye yecawa, ngesisa nobabalo lokufika kuye ukholo.

Icon - umxhasi we abavikeli zezulu

Namhlanje, lo icon uhlala omnye kakhulu ehlonelwayo esizweni. mbhiyozo lwayo lwenzeka ngomhla we-19 Matshi. Icon "Malibongwe Izulu", ixabiso layo, waya phesheya uphawu kuphela zonqulo, iye yaba sinoMthetheleli eentloko ezaxhobela Russian emoyeni, ngaleyo ndlela agcwalise esiya kwenza izinto ezibalulekileyo omzabalazo. "Izulu Makabongwe" Molteno yasekwa Ndiwise yoRhulumente Russian.

Ikhutshelwa ngumbandela ezikhethekileyo esibhakabhakeni yethu ukhuseleko lizwe. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba edume pilot zomkhosi AI Pokryshkin wazalwa ngomhla lombhiyozo yayo, yaye imfazwe wamonga ekulweni uMama kaThixo.