Kazan Cathedral eSt Petersburg: imbali, ifoto kunye nedilesi. Yintoni umdla Kazan Cathedral (Saint Petersburg)?

St. Petersburg ithathwa njengokuba elikomkhulu yenkcubeko lizwe lethu. Museums, zemidlalo, ezikhumbuzo, iitempile, iicawa ngokuphandle uxelele imbali ecacileyo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ezibuhlungu Russia. Nengqina kwiinkulungwane zangaphambili Cathedral zobungangamela Kazan eSt Petersburg.

Christmas (Kazan) Church

Kwindawo apho ngoku kukho Cathedral Kazan, kwiCawa Yokuzalwa phambi 1801. Waye yakhiwa ngokomyalelo uKumkanikazi uAnny Ioannovny. Nativity ekwakhiweni icawa Ntombi lweminyaka emithathu (1733-1736 gg.). June 23, 1737 ibandla phambi uKumkanikazi ngokunzulu ngcwele. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva itempile wenza Kazan icon ye nguMama kaThixo. Le oyidingayo ngo-1708 bezisa uPetros I. Ibandla waba gem yokwenene ye Nevsky Prospekt. imitha-58 multi-mibini intsimbi inqaba ngokwenene wobugcisa yobuciko wokwakha. KwiCawa Yokuzalwa na wezakhiwo M. Zemtsov. Ngemihla wokulawula Elizabeth Temple wayifumana newonga yecawa.

Kazan Cathedral eSt Petersburg. Imbali lwesakhiwo

Kodwa emva kokuba-ngenkulungwane nesiqingatha lezakhiwo ezidilikileyo kwaye akukho kuphinda zingqinelane esekwe ngexesha imbonakalo ocacileyo Nevsky Prospekt. Ngoko kwagqitywa kwelokuba yakhiwe ngokupheleleyo Kazan Cathedral. Ngowe-1799 ngokwemiyalelo Tsar noPawulos, ndabhengeza ukhuphiswano iprojekthi ibandla elitsha. Enye yeemfuno inganga oko kufuneka ibe Roman Cathedral of St. uPetros, ezakhiwe umakhi Renaissance uMichelangelo Buonarroti. Yaba lucelomngeni labazobi: indawo encinane efunekayo sele kwasekwa ukubhala isakhiwo omkhulu kunye nenkundla. Ngaphezu koko, ngokutsho izinqumo zesibingelelo Orthodox ngokuyimfuneko ke kwafuneka ukuba wajika ukuya ngasempuma. Ngenxa yoko, emva kodonga lwesakhiwo ukuba aphume phezu Nevsky Ithemba, kunye Meshchanskaya Street (ngoku Kazan).

iiprojekthi zabo thaca nabayili abaninzi abadumileyo ezifana P. Gonzaga, Voronihin A. N., uCharles Cameron kunye Tom de Thomon JF First uPawulos ndawa ngathi iprojekthi uCharles Cameron, kodwa emva kokuba igalelo Count zokwakha Stroganov ephathiswe nonyaka-amane Voronikhin umyili Andrew Nikiforovich. Ngowe-1800, i-Cathedral le Kazan uMama kaThixo waqala ukwakha ngezantsi kwiCawa Yokuzalwa. Lonke eli xesha le tempile waqhubeka ukusebenza. Kazan Cathedral eSt Petersburg bahlela ukwakha iminyaka emine, kodwa ukwakhiwa yalibaziseka iminyaka elishumi elinanye elide. Oku kwenzeka nxamnye nentsukaphi banegugu enkulu ubuzwe, ityala elo ngesiphakamiso Count Stroganov ziye ezisebenza iinkosi Russian kuphela. Zonke izinto zokwakha nalo zasekhaya. Umsebenzi apho inxaxheba amawaka ngamakhoboka kwenzeka phantsi kweemeko ezinzima kakhulu, le nqubo phantse engekho ngokupheleleyo. Noko ke, kwiminyaka elishumi elinanye bakwazi ukwakha wobugcisa yobugcisa bokwakha. Xa ukuphakama kwetempile ufikelela iimitha-71, ngelo xesha - ingxilimbela ngokwenene. Kazan Cathedral eSt Petersburg waba lesikhumbuzo onobungangamsha izakhiwo Russian.

bokwakha

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ulwakhiwo Kazan Cathedral kwakungekho umsebenzi lula. Ekubeni izimiso Orthodox zesibingelelo kuno kuvulwaqalwa ukuya ngasempuma, emnyango wangaphambili ivula kwi Meshchanskaya Street. Nevsky Ithemba yeyona yecawa ushiya udonga ecaleni. Voronikhin wakha indawo encinane semi-setyhula, nto leyo icacisa kwivaranda 95 iikholam. A ekhohlo ne ekunene sizaliswa nezinyuko omkhulukazi. Iveranda ivale umzimba omkhulu isonto, embindini kuyo ziphawulwa nge nesezindlu grand. Kwaye abantu bacinge ukuba isango engundoqo itempile ukho apha. Cathedral yindlela amile ngayo umnqamlezo Latin, liphuma angaphezu kwawo sredokrestiem grand.

umhombiso

Kazan Cathedral e St. Petersburg, ngobambana ebuhleni bayo nobuhle. ingqalelo kakhulu yahlawulwa uhombiso lwangaphandle nangaphakathi. Bungaphezulu eqingqiweyo kunye BAS-imikrolo ngabafundisi abaninzi odumileyo ezifana I. P. Prokofev (figure yobhedu Andreya Pervozvannogo,-BAS-isiqabu "nokuphakanyiswa ye inyoka yobhedu"), SS Pimenov (sculpture Vladimir ngokulinganayo kubapostile Aleksandra Nevskogo), I. P. Martos ( figure ubhedu of Ioanna Krestitelya,-BAS-isiqabu "ezinqunquthayo-amanzi uMoses entlango"), FG Gordeev (BAS-imikrolo le "Annunciation", "yokunqulwa abalusi", "nobusuku ye abavumisi ngeenkwenkwezi", "usiwa eYiputa"). Kuba umhombiso lwangaphakathi kwe icon zaye zipeyintwe yi kwamagcisa ilungileyo kwenkulungwane ye-19: O. A. Kiprenskim, V. L. Borovikovskim, V. K. Shebuevym GI Ugryumov, F. A. UBruni, K. P. Bryullovym. Kuba ngombala esetyenzisiweyo emarmore umphandle, shungite, neyaspisi, inyengane eFinland.

Cathedral kwinkulungwane yama-19

Konyaka emva kokuba ukwahlula itempile bakhonza inkonzo umthandazo imbeko zokuthumela imikhosi IsiRashiya ukuya emfazweni. Mihail Illarionovich Kutuzov inokuthunyelwa wayalela imikhosi zezi iindonga. Kazan Cathedral eSt Petersburg iye yaba yokusabela yokugqibela jikelele enkulu, wangcwatywa kwi crypt kwebandla. Emva konyaka, kukho wathabatha ndawo celebration imbeko uloyiso olupheleleyo amajoni Russian phezu French bahlaseli. Kazan Cathedral (Saint Petersburg) waba lesikhumbuzo uzuko Russian emkhosini. It wayigcina neembasa zibuyiswa emfazweni.

Bayahlelwa Cathedral kwixesha post-revolution

bayahlelwa Heavy walindela itempile ukususela 1917. Anqula isima. Ngokuhlamba wazisusa umnqamlezo, kwaye endaweni yaso ibhola ihonjiswe a spire. Kazan Cathedral (Saint Petersburg) sajikwa yaba Museum yeembali Religion and UThixo Akakho. Uninzi icon ziye zidluliselwe kwi-State Museum Russian. I icon ye Kazan uMama kaThixo sakhutshelwa Prince Vladimir Museum. Isithuba elingaphakathi yayahlulwe neeholo mboniso. Ngenxa nokulungiswa embindini yayonakele kakubi, inxalenye ipropati baphanga nje. Ngowe-1941, i-Museum of the History of Religion and UThixo Akakho zivalwa okwethutyana, kwaye yecawa kwango umboniso othi "War of 1812" kunye "War yabantu Russian ngaphambili." Ngexesha leMfazwe Patriotic Olukhulu aseMelika abahlaseli wamaNazi yayonakele kakubi St. Petersburg. Kazan Cathedral, iifoto ezo thaca kweli nqaku kungekho ngaphandle. Ibandla got a sabaleka ezimbalwa. Emva kwemfazwe, ukumbuyisela kuthwalelwa phandle.

Cathedral namhlanje

1991 yayibalulekile kwimbali kwebandla - it angasivula unqulo. Kulo nyaka mnye yecawa babuyela icon ye Lady Lwethu Kazan. Kwaye ke uThixo amajukujuku kwakhona bakuwufunqula umnqamlezo segolide kwiminyaka emithathu. Ngowe-1998, phezu yecawa Kazan intsimbi bevuthela kuye kwakhona, "kwafika ilizwi umva." Intsimbi waphoswa kwi kwiBaltic zalapho. Ngo-2003, isityalo efanayo zidluliselwe-ton ezine intsimbi etempileni, nto leyo yaba likhulu kwi Kazan Cathedral. Kwaye ngo-2000, le yecawa waba yecawa. Endlwini yokunqula basoloko kuyo ngamagosa aphezulu alo Orthodox. Septemba 12 ngonyaka ngamnye ukususela Kazan Cathedral yi umngcelele ukuya Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Nakule yonke etempileni ukuba kufakwe abbots ezininzi. Ngoku ke Ngqonyela yi ISityhi Pavel Grigorevich Krasnotsvetov wazalwa ngo-1932.

Idilesi kunye Ivula Iiyure

Kazan Cathedral sise: St. Petersburg, Nevsky Prospekt, ndlu 25. itempile ivuliwe imihla ngemihla: evekini ukususela 8.30 kusasa ukuya 6.30 ngeempelaveki. Amangeno kule Cathedral ukhululekile.