Kutheni computer wam ungaqali? Inyathelo ngu step guide ukuphelisa breakage

Nkqu umsebenzisi kakhulu Qaphela lijongene nemeko xa ikhompyutha yakhe ngesiquphe liyayeka ukuba zibandakanywe. Oku kube ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi - kwimpahla yentsimbi, izixhobo zecomputer, okanye ngenxa impembelelo entsonkothileyo zombini. abanako ukubonwa njani? Zeziphi iindlela ezikhoyo zokuphelisa lokungaphumeleli leyo ethintela PC ukuba ivuleke?

nokutolikwa breakdowns

Ngokwenene, le meko apho computer ingavuli, oko kukuthi, xa kungekho mpendulo ngokunqakraza iqhosha amandla, kunqabile. Kungenxa ukubala inani izizathu, umzekelo, nje yokuba umbane icimile indlu.

abasebenzisi abaninzi baqonde urhulumente xa ikhompyutha ingavuli, akukho umfanekiso kwikhusi ngexesha iyunithi nkqubo uyiqhelile iglobhu ayihlali ovuthayo kuyo. Kukho omnye ke, ukucaciswa ingxaki - lo mfanekiso, kunjalo, akuyi ukulayisha Windows. Kule meko, umsebenzisi ichaza le meko kukuba le khompyutha swi vula kuba umphumo iyafana: awukwazi ukusebenza kwi-PC. Siza kujonga imiboniso eziliqela, kuthathelwa ingqalelo umahluko phakathi iimboniselo umsebenzisi koyena ingxaki umbuzo.

A imeko apho computer angabuyi xa uvula ngalo lonke, njengoko sibonile ngentla - kakhulu ezinqabileyo. Amaninzi ezi okanye ezinye iindlela kwindlela iyunithi le nto nangoku kokuqala ukuya emsebenzini, kodwa ngenxa yesizathu esithile, ngakumbi kulayishwa PC akwenzeki. Le sesakhiwo PC mihla inika indlela, exela ukuba kwimeko apho loo monakalo Yegalelo Isiphumo System - BIOS - libonisa kubo izandi ezifanayo ukukrikriza. Zingasasazwa kwimiqolo okanye izithethi ezincinane elakhelwe motherboard. Cinga iimpawu zazo.

Imiqondiso Sound of breakdowns

Izandi umbuzo bohlulwa ngeentlobo ezimbini - elide mfutshane kunye. Ukuba ikhompyutha ukuvula kwaye'beeps, ngoko ke kufuneka amisele oko ngokulandelelana lwemiqondiso. abavelisi motherboard Modern badla isimiso chips efanelekileyo asebenza ngayo unxulumano kunye nendibaniselwano ezinjalo izandi:

- ukuba izandi 1 beep elide 3 elifutshane, kuthetha ukuba ikhompyutha awukwazi ukufumana ikhadi yemizobo;

- ukuba umsebenzisi uyaweva izandi ezifanayo elide kwaye phindo, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho ingxaki RAM;

- ukuba isithethi okhupha 5'beeps ezimfutshane, ngoko oko kusenokubonisa umonakalo iprosesa;

- iingxaki indlela yemizobo kwakhona elathethwa enye ubude ezintathu uphawu elifutshane.

Qaphela ukuba ukusetyenziswa ezahlukeneyo yeefomati uphawu unikezelo kuxhomekeke uguqulelo lwe BIOS. Ngayiphi indlela? Umzekelo, BIOS kwezinye iinguqulelo iingxaki kunye isignali yevidiyo 2, 3 okanye 4'beeps ezilandelelanayo. Ukuba ikhompyutha ivuliwe kwaye squeaks ngendlela ethile, ngoko ke uhlobo BIOS Award nokuchaza izandi zingohluka kuloo iseti ngenxa inkqubo igalelo-abagqibayo a ukuguqulwa Phoenix.

Iingxaki kunye nobonelelo ngamandla

Cinga ngemeko apho computer akazokumguqula ngenxa yeengxaki ngamandla. Ukuba PC akaziphenduli ngokucofa iqhosha, into yokuqala ufuna ukukhangela ukuba ngaba kukho umbane kwindawo yokuhlala. Ukuba, ngoko ufuna ukukhangela ukuba ingaba ukhuselo womnatha lokucoca ukuba asebenze. Oku kwenzeka xa uqhagamshela ukuba inani elikhulu izixhobo - ingakumbi ezo zifuna amandla ebonakalayo. Kusenokubakho kakuhle ingxaki intambo ngamandla, PC - kufuneka uhlole ukuba elidityaniswe kuyo usikrotyana ahambelanayo kwinkqubo iyunithi yaye ukuya iplagi eludongeni.

Ukuba ikhompyutha swi vula ngexesha eqala, oku ngenxa wokongamela yomsebenzisi ngokuphathelele yokusebenzisa switsha kwi Ezomva kwisisu semoto. Le ebekwe ecaleni jack apho intambo yombane ifakiwe. Kuyimfuneko ukuba element ahambelanayo sele ivuliwe. Kwakhona kwezinye iiPC babe nenkxaso iintlobo AC kwamandla, umzekelo, ngo-110 no-220 volts. Ukuba basebenze ngalinye kufuneka ukuguqulela iswitshi engqinelanayo indawo echanekileyo.

Iingxaki kunye nobonelelo ngamandla

Esinye isizathu esinokuba kukuba le khompyutha ingavuli, - unikezelo amandla olunemposiso. Umbane kule meko kufakwa le PC ngesiqhelo, kodwa icandelo ahambelanayo linoxanduva ukuhanjiswa yayo, ayisebenzi. Ayikhuthazwa ukuhlola ukusebenza umbane ngaphandle izixhobo efanelekileyo - kubhetele ukuba adibane yincutshe.

Kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba inkqubo yekhompyutha iyunithi ayifakwanga ngenxa ukwahluleka umbane, umsebenzisi lula ukulungisa wena. Into yokuba umbane amaxesha kwabangela indlela yangaphakathi ukukhusela nxamnye utshintsho ombane. Ukuba lwa yi Jump, izinto ezihambelanayo kwinkqubo eyenza iyunithi PC kwaye musa ukuvumela amandla nj. Le lock kuya kuhlala kusebenza de umsebenzisi ukukhupha capacitor ojonge nokusebenza le nkqubo yokhuseleko. Yenza kube lula - kufuneka ukususa intambo amandla avela kwicandelo kwinkqubo kwiindawo zokubeka, linda imizuzwana embalwa wawubeka umva. Ukuba ingxaki ukhuseleko luvuliwe, i-PC uya kuqalisa ukuba ivuleke ngokuqhelekileyo.

ubuyisele ibhetri

Ezinye izizathu zoku ukuba PC uya kwala ukuphendula iqhosha ngamandla, - i iCMOs nebhetri aluphumelelanga, nto leyo ukwakweli motherboard. umhla kwayo wokuphelelwa - malunga 5 iminyaka. Ngoko ke, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba emva kweli thuba ukuze ayeke ukusebenza. Qaphela ukuba le ngxaki alibonakali kwangoko, oko kudla kunikelwa iingxaki ezithile okanye enye kunye nosungulo PC, ukusilela ezikhululekileyo ekumiseleni ixesha inkqubo, ixesha ikhompyutha ngokusebenzisa ukulanda.

ICMOs Ibhetri indawo lula - to iingcali iyavakala ukujongana abasebenzisi kakhulu akanamava, abo afune ukulimaza ikhompyutha yakho ngempazamo ngenxa yokungabikho ezifanelekileyo izakhono kunye "yentsimbi '. Isiqalelo ngawo, ubonakala, enyanisweni, ibhetri, kodwa iflethi kakhulu, ngathi ingqekembe encinane. Isenokuba zibekwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo motherboard. Umzekelo - photo ngezantsi.

Susa i itoti ibhetri kunye screwdriver obhityileyo. Kulungile ukuba uyithabathe ukuya evenkileni njenge isampula kwaye cela umthengisi ukuba kanye ngokufanayo, kodwa wakhululwa kutshanje.

Xa "intsimbi" umfutho yokulahlekelwa

Ukuba akukho uvula amandla, le ngxaki ukuze ibe kwamanye amacandelo iintsimbi inkqubo unit le. Umzekelo, oku kudla ngokwenzeka ukuba uyilo likhubazeke okunene ukuqala unit inkqubo iqhosha. Ngenxa yoko, i element ahambelanayo asimsebenzi nje ukuvala abafowunelwa kwi motherboard, ukuziqala waqala computer. Nceda inkqubo ukuqala kwaye ngesandla afumaneka kwi Isidibanisi motherboard Power kwaye ngobunono yokuvala abafowunelwa ezikhoyo kuyo screwdriver. Kakade ke, kungcono ukuba lwenziwa yincutshe.

Kwi PC motherboard linani elikhulu capacitors, transistors kunye nezinye izinto, nganye kuzo kubalulekile ukuba ukusebenza ezinzileyo ye-PC. Ukuba ikhompyutha akayi kujika ngalo bonke, izizathu Kusenokwenzeka ukuba nasiphi na amacandelo achaphazelekayo akuphumelelanga. Fumana kuyo, kunjalo, angaba liyincutshe onamava kuphela. Kodwa inkqubo nokuphelisa kungenzeka kakhulu ukuzama ukubala le ngxaki ngokwenza ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayikho kubonelelo ngombane, hayi umbane kwaye hayi ukuba namandla iqhosha.

Siye kwakhona izizathu eziphambili ngenxa apho PC akakwazi ukuphendula iqhosha amandla. Ngoku ukufunda imeko apho ikhompyutha ivuliwe kodwa ukuqala, kukho umfanekiso kwi kwikhusi ilahlekile okanye na, kodwa akenzi nto ngokwemigaqo ngamathuba operation PC.

Noise ngaphandle iziphumo

Cinga ukhetho lokuqala xa iyunithi nkqubo isebenza, kodwa i-screen - ubaneka. Le meko kunokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi.

Le yinto eqhelekileyo kutheni ukuvula kwi esweni kwikhompyutha - iingxaki ikhadi levidiyo. Eli licandelo noko ethe, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba sesichengeni nobushushu. Kwi amakhadi ngokuqhelekileyo Iicooler mveliso, kodwa yanyuka umthwalo component PC ehambelana angafuna iinkqubo Ukupholisa ngokubonakalayo ezinamandla ngakumbi.

Ukuba kuwe ungamnikeli kwi computer, koko khangela ukuba uhlobo isixhobo uyekile ukusebenza, nje. Kufuneka ukudibanisa kwiPC kwenye monitor, okanye, icala, ukudibanisa idispleyi yangoku kunye naziphi na izixhobo zomntu wesithathu. Kudla kukho iingxaki ngokubhekiselele ukuqinisekisa unxibelelwano phakathi esweni kunye nenkqubo iyunithi - okanye ucingo, ephothiweyo, isinxibelelanisi umz ivalekile. Kwaye kule meko apho kungaba nesiphumo umdla - omnye esweni kwi computer iske ayisebenzi ngenxa yokuba uthuli manzi kule Isidibanisi ividiyo ebhodini kwinkqubo le, kwaye uboniso yangoku ayisebenzi ecaleni kwefowuni ngenxa nezithintelo kwizisele zabo.

Esinye isizathu sokuba le meko, xa uthe akabuya kwi computer (Iicooler kusebenza, kwaye nto ebekwe kwiskrini), - iingxaki kwinqanaba motherboard. Njengoko sele kutshiwo ngentla apha, kukho inani elikhulu macandelo ukunikela kuyo. Uninzi lwabo zinoxanduva nje phambili yevidiyo imiyalezo.

Kutheni na iibhutsi Windows?

Yeyiphi kuthetha imeko apho umfanekiso kwikhusi apho? Inyaniso yokuba, ubuncinane kwi-PC ukusebenza kumqhubekekisi, RAM, ikhadi imizobo kunye neetships eziphambili. Leyo Nngokobuchwepheshe ikhompyutha ilungele ukusebenza, kodwa ngenxa yesizathu esithile ayikwazi ukuqalisa inkqubo yokusebenza. Eziluncedo iimeko ezibonisa umonakalo, unakho kule meko kuba ngolu hlobo.

Masithi, phambi kwamehlo umsebenzisi lo mfanekiso ulandelayo: ikhompyutha akayi bukele (umsebenzi screen), kwaye oku kubonakala kwinto yokuba endaweni Windows Boot - ukubhala kwikhusi. Kulo mzekelo, kubalulekile ke ngoko, ukuba udidi lomyalezo ezivelelayo njengoko zinjalo. Kusenokubakho iinketho ezimbalwa esisiseko.

ngamana zinengxaki-hard drive. Kulo mzekelo, khusi babonise like Qalisa uze Khetha Boot Icebo eyiyo ( «ukuqala kwaye khetha icebo lendlela yokuqalelisa ikhompyutha ngokufanelekileyo") okanye idiski yokuqala Ukusilela ( «impazamo idiski yokuqala").

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba iifayili OS Windows ngesizathu esithile, yonakele, umzekelo, ngenxa yokuba intsholongwane computer. Kulo mzekelo, ilayini yomyalelo unakho ukuvela kwiskrini, kodwa amacandelo olubonakalayo lwe OS akayi ukuyiqala. Qaphela ukuba ngamanye amaxesha esweni xa kukho ukusilela kwi Windows ibonisa umgca enye, njengoko kunjalo ubunzima kunye disk.

Kuzo zombini ezi meko, le ngxaki inkulu kakhulu, kwaye kufuneka ukuba ufake indlela yokusebenza, okanye ukutshintsha i-hard drive. Kodwa kwenzeka ukuba oku sohlolo encinane, umzekelo, ngenxa qhagamshelana ezingazinzanga idiski isinxibelelanisi nzima phezu motherboard. Kulula ukuba ususe ngokujonga izinto ezifanelekileyo.

Ityala elula - kumfundi ukuze ngemagnethi amajelo bhetyebhetye (nangona bathe zithathwa lixesha, kodwa maxa wambi kusetyenziswa) ke kuleyo. Izicwangciso abaninzi inkqubo PC, ngokungathi oko kuvakala isimanga, ukhetho luvuliwe, apho OS kufuneka uqale ekulayisha ukusuka kuleyo. Ngokungamfumani ngayo kwinkqubo yokusebenza, ikhompyutha imisela ukuba akukho ifakwe konke konke, kwaye anike ikhusi umyalezo. ifloppy diski kufuneka zisuswe, kwaye zama ukulayisha kwakhona.

Imeko efanayo - umsebenzisi kutshanje uye wambeka Windows okanye ukongeza ngayo eminye imizekelo software ukusuka idiski yokuqala bamlibala kuyo umfundi efanelekileyo. System, kunokwenzeka ukuba iqwalaselwe kwakhona kwi ukuqalisa kokuqala ukusuka CD- okanye DVD-drive, yaye oko kuya kuba kanye ngexesha ukuphumeza oko, njengokuba umntu akazi u- disc ngaphandle. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba iifayile kwi DVD-ROM akakho, ngoko ke download imali kwi-hard drive. Kodwa ingaba phezu yenethiwekhi ngokohlobo le efihlakeleyo kumsebenzisi, kwaye ayinakuba baze basole oko kwenzekayo xa kulayishwa Windows ngeke isebenze. Ngoko ke, xa uqala PC yakho kuyo nayiphi na imeko, qinisekisa ukuba akukho eendaba - akukho ifloppy okanye laser - hayi ibekwa umfundi.

Ukuba akayi ukulayisha Windows, inokuba kwakhona ezinxulumene iingxaki yentsimbi ye-hard drive. Ukuze wenze oku, qhagamshela i hard drive kwenye PC njengento extra, kwaye utshekishe ukuba ngaba iifayili ukufunda kulo. Hi ndlela leyi, kuya kuba luncedo ngexesha elifanayo ukwenza ukhuphelo kwenye ikhompyutha, iinkcukacha ezininzi ezibalulekileyo.

Enye indlela - Windows ukuze uqale ndza, kodwa endaweni "desktop" kwi khusi kuboniswa imifanekiso eyahlukileyo okanye, kwakhona, ilayini yomyalelo. Oku kuthetha ukuba yediski kulungile, kodwa kukho iingxaki kunye nenkqubo yokusebenza. Kulo mzekelo, ekubeni amathuba omkhulu kuya kufuneka ukuba ufake indlela yokusebenza.

Kwimeko yeengxaki kunokwenzeka nokuqaliswa umsebenzisi Windows kufuneka kusoloko kwi idiski yokuqala ngesandla. Oku kunokuba wezindlu medium eqhubekayo evela Microsoft okanye, umzekelo, akhiwa umenzi computer. Kwimeko yesibini, luncedo kwakhona kwi drive iinkqubo nkqubo. ungenza olu hlobo eendaba ngokwabo, umzekelo, olusekelwe phezu free Linux.

izilungiselelo BIOS elingalunganga

Kuyenzeka ukuba khompyutha uphendulela kodwa ukuqala ngenxa yokuba inkqubo igalelo-output kwizicwangciso ukubonisa ezingachanekanga. Oku kubangelwa, umzekelo, ukuba umsebenzisi ifakwe kwi-PC yakho naliphi na icandelo zekhompyutha ezintsha, ezifana lomnqongo RAM olongezelelweyo iye yahlaziywa ikhadi yevidiyo okanye iprosesa, kunye nezicwangciso BIOS kuhlala enye.

Kulo mzekelo, ukhetho best - ukubeka ukhetho kwinkqubo njengegalelo-output emiselweyo. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ufake nojongano BIOS - amaxesha amaninzi oku kufuneka cinezela DEL ekuqaleni kule PC wesiqalo, uze ufumane umba Misela Izicwangciso Default okanye nenkcubeko kunye naye. Emva koko khetha ukhetho Gcina uphinde uphume Cwangcisa, okanye bevuthela ngendlela efanayo. Emva koko inkqubo igalelo yemveliso amarekhodi utshintsho kukuba ukufaka izicwangciso engagqibekanga kwaye iqalise PC. Ukuba ingxaki iyaqhubeka, isizathu ukuba umthwalo akuthethi ukuya into enye. Kamva, izicwangciso ngokupheleleyo BIOS lingamiselwa ngokubhungisana neengcali ezinamava.

Hi ndlela leyi, i-BIOS kunokwenzeka kwakhona alungise ukulandelelana imibuzo inkqubo ukulayisha OS. Siye sahlolisisa Kwimeko apho umfundi ibekwe ngaphakathi idiski engqinelana kusengaphazamisana ngokusesikweni of Windows. Izilungiselelo anoxanduva lawo, njengoko kuchaziwe kwi-BIOS. Bona ise kwicandelo Ukulandelelanisa Boot, okanye uthetha naye. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi zicwangciso sime ukalisho nkqo abathwali ne apho umthwalo iza kwenziwa. Ukuba ngaphezulu esinye floppy - Floppy, ngoko oko uya kutshintshwa HDD - yediskhi esekhompyutheni.

PC amvalele phantsi ukusebenza

Kuthekani ukuba kukho imeko ilandelayo: Cima ikhompyutha kwaye ayiqukwanga? Le ndlela ilula apha - Kakade ke, ngokumka kombane. Kodwa isizathu yahlukile - xa nobushushu inamacandelo iintsimbi ethile. Ngokufuthi - kumqhubekekisi. Xa overheats, le algorithm wokhuseleko nkqubo isebenza. Noko ke, yena idla ngokuba iintsimbi ifakiwe bokwakha iprosesa. Ukuba iqondo lobushushu chip PC iphambili ngaphezu kwenqanaba ezibalulekileyo esetwe kuyo, ikhompyutha akayi uvule.

Kukho izinto ezimbini le ngxaki - zineemposiso, okanye kupholile enamandla ngokwaneleyo, kwakunye ezingekomiswa colo thermal - into leyo eyandisa isiphumo fan. Kwenzeka ke ukuba umsebenzisi baxa kunye overclocking - njengokuba umthetho, le nkqubo iquka ukwanda okubonakalayo clock chip, nto leyo ekhokelela nobushushu yayo, nokuya ezipholileyo ayikwazi ibalwe.

Kwikhompyutha kunye kumqhubekekisi ogama ubushushu - ngaphezu mmiselo, booted, kufuneka ulinde ixesha elidana. Kule ngxaki zange kuvela kamva ukuba indawo paste thermal, ngokunjalo nokuphucula ezibandayo. Imeko inokuba kwakhona ukuba i-fan nje enothuli. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka bucoceke. Ngendlela, ukuba umba yococeko kubalulekile ukuba uninzi kumacandelo PC - hayi nje ezipholileyo kodwa ikhadi yemizobo, motherboard, drives, fan eziphambili kwi kwisisu semoto.