Yintoni igama ukuba ubudlelwane isixhobo yekhompyutha nabanye?

Njani isixhobo unxulumano kweekhompyutha nezinye iikhompyutha? Kaloku, ukuba lo mba ujikeleza enqwondweni yam, ukuze ngokwenza oko kulungile, ufunda eli nqaku. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho indibaniselwano isixhobo ikhompyutha nabanye - zombini (ngamanye amagama, ikhadi network). Yintoni na? Zisebenza njani? Zeziphi imisebenzi lenza? Yonke le mibuzo iza kufunyanwa impendulo kweli nqaku.

Yintoni samandla

Ngoko wabiza isixhobo yekhompyutha peripheral, okusebenzayo ngqo ugqithiso lwedata esiphakathi. Ngenxa it, ngqo okanye ngokusetyenziswa kwezinye izixhobo zonxibelelwano, into nokuthungelana apho kunye nezinye iikhompyutha.

Esi sixhobo usombulula iingxaki kukuthembeka yebhayinari exchange data, ezithi zinikezelwe ngohlobo iziganeko ahambelanayo kagesi. transmission wabo wenziwa usebenzisa amakhonkco zangaphandle. Ekubeni zombini i computer isilawuli, kusebenza phantsi kolawulo umqhubi efanelekileyo wendlela wendlela yakho esebenzayo. Ukwahlulwa kwemisebenzi phakathi kwabo inokwahluka, ngokuxhomekeke ekuphunyezweni.

uphuhliso amaqhoshana

Ngoko ke, sele siyazi ukuba icebo kuba zokuqhagamshelwa yekhompyutha nabanye - le zombini. Ngoku makhe ngokufutshane sihlolisise indlela ubugcisa siye savela.

Lokuqala LAN amaqhoshana kunye icandelo intambo yafakwa, lathabathela kulo lonke uluhlu izixhobo zonxibelelwano. Enkosi kubo yaye zilungelelaniswe intsebenziswano computer. Emva koko sebenzisa intsebenziswano ngqo phakathi kweekhompyutha ezahlukeneyo elektroniki.

Obu bugcisa isasetyenziswa nangoku, kodwa imigangatho kakhulu mihla nokubonelela ubukho ngakumbi eziliqela izixhobo zonxibelelwano ekhethekileyo (umz, ibhulorho, switsha, hub okanye umzila). Bona alungise inxalenye imisebenzi ngokuphathelele ulawulo iqukuqele.

ngempazamo acinga

Wena uyakwazi ukuva okanye sifunda ukuba isixhobo unxulumano namanye ikhompyutha - kumqhubekekisi. Yazini ukuba oku akuyonyaniso. Nedivaysi unxulumano oluphakathi ikhompyutha ukuya kwenye kuthiwa i-adaptha, okanye ikhadi womnatha, kodwa hayi enye indlela! Basuka ngolahlekiso, akwaziwa, kodwa ukuba umntu yenza impazamo, bekuya kuba ngcono ukulungisa kuyo.

uyilo Umsebenzi kunye esephepheni lwe data

umsebenzi iadaptha siyifumana yokuba ulwazi nokunikezelwa ngohlobo benqwanqwa kokuba ngendlela ethile. Kulo mzekelo, i ikhowudi bayaqonda kukunika ulwazi kunye iziganeko ezifanelekileyo ukuze zikwazi ukuthathwa kwelinye icala, kodwa akufuneki kulahleka, kwaye sifakwe kubo intsingiselo.

Makhe ihlale ngokweenkcukacha ngaphezulu kule. Isakhelo amasimi eziliqela phezulu ifakiwe. Ezi ziquka idilesi ye computer ukuba ufuna ukuthumela i data kwaye ke checksum benqwanqwa ngalinye. On iya nezigqibo ukuchaneka kwengcaciso enikiweyo. Malunga esephepheni kunokuthiwa ukuba intsingiselo yalo ukoyisa uphazamiso kwaye nokunika izixhobo ukwamkelwa kulwamkelo data ubunakho.

Kukho ezinye iinkcukacha zobugcisa. Ngenxa yoko, xa usebenzisa inethiwekhi yentambo lwebhendi ebanzi amaqhoshana ayikho ukusetyenziswa uphawu kwezwi. Ekubeni oku kufuneka kuphela xa zothumelo ezihamba kwimizila unxibelelwano narrowband (a yefoni channels ilizwi-rhoqo nga kuqhutywa ngolu hlobo).

ukungena umsebenzi

Lo msebenzi ulandelayo kusetyenziswa kubanjiswene ne-bume losasazo data. Lusetyenziswa kwiimeko apho ufuna ukufikelela kwi algorithm ethile.

Oku kuyimfuneko kuba kokuxhatshazwa data okusingqongileyo yasasazwa ekwabelwana. Kodwa kukho umkhwa ukuba ukwala le ndlela obuxhasa ezi amajelo onxibelelwano computer kunye izixhobo network unxibelelwano (efana noko kwenziwa-line zeefoni).

ukuguquka kunye Ungqamaniso umsebenzi

Ukuguquka kunye Ungqamaniso ziyafuneka ukuze ukubonelela idatha ngendlela efundeka. Ngoko ke, ngenxa zombini, ulwazi inokujikwa ukusuka yezibuko ofanayo, kwaye vice versa. Oku kuyimfuneko ngenxa yokuba ukuququzelela kungqamaniso lwe ingxaki (kwaye kwakhona ukunciphisa iindleko imigca zonxibelelwano) data ethunyelwayo ngokuthe ngcembe - bit omnye emva komnye. Thelekisa - ulwazi computer isusiwe byte yi byte.

Ngokuphathelele ungqamaniso kuthiwe ukuba kuyimfuneko ukugcina intsebenziswano rhoqo ungquzulwano-receiver kunye data samaza. Le iadaptha iye isonjululwe ngempumelelo ingxaki, enkosi iindlela ikhowudi ekhethekileyo musa ukusebenzisa ibhasi ezongezelelweyo kunye wotshi ungqamaniso.

Ngenxa yale ndlela ngokulula inika utshintsho ngamaxesha athile karhulumente uphawu ethunyelwayo. Ukongezelela kwiingxaki kunye ungqamaniso kwi kwinqanaba bit, iadaptha kusonjululwa iingxaki ezifanayo kunye bytes isalamane kunye izakhelo.

features technical

Ukwahlula amaqhoshana kwi lwangaphakathi ibhasi data kunye nobuchwepheshe esetyenzisiweyo. Ngoko ke, xa sithetha Kwimeko yokuqala, ngoko kusenokuba kukho ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

• ISA;
• EISA;
• MCA;
• PCI.

Ngeteknoloji womnatha ayikho simple kangaka. Ngesiqhelo iadaptha ixhasa omnye wabo. Kodwa ke, nangona oku, ulwazi usasazwa ugqithiselwa ngaphandle iingxaki. Oku kuphunyezwa ngenxa yokuba sisebenzise idatha broadcast media ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, omnye iiteknoloji kakhulu ethandwa - Ethernet - bangaqhubeka ukugcina yafakwa kunye nefayibha optic okanye isibini unshielded, ephothiweyo.

Ukuba zombini nga ukuxhasa enye kuphela sigaba converters ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye transceiver. Ziziphi ezi zixhobo?

Transceiver kunye converters

Transceiver nayo ngokuba transceiver. Bona ziyingxenye iadaptha yaye bamele terminal yayo luvula phezu intambo. Nangona, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ekuqaleni ibekwe iintambo (ukuba siqwalasela umgangatho Ethernet wokuqala), kodwa ke kwagqitywa ukuba lula ngakumbi ukuba uyibeke phezu zombini.

Endaweni yoko, i transceiver ingasetyenziswa lwemali. Lokubandakanyeka lulungelelaniso ulwazi ngokusebenzisa bume ezahlukeneyo zosasazo data. Njengoko umzekelo inokuba Inetweki yekhaya endawo esebenzisa izihlangu ezijijekileyo intambo yafakwa.

isiphelo

Kaloku, lo msebenzi sigqityiwe - lwesigama kunye neempawu echaza ezisebenza ngokubakho. Ngoku, ukuba babe imibuzo malunga igama lesixhobo uqhagamshelo ikhompyutha kunye nezinye iikhompyutha. Ukongeza, siye wajonga yintoni imisebenzi yenziwa yi-amaqhoshana, yintoni indlela yophuhliso bona banyuke, nokuba njani kungaphuculwa ngaphandle utshintsho olukhulu. Kuba olunzulu ukufunda ingcaciso enikezwa yile ncwadana imisonto enganelanga, kodwa ekuqaleni ukufunda ukwakhiwa data emzimbeni, oko kuya kuba luncedo kuwe.