Kutheni eyithanda Tower of Pisa? Ukuphakama umgca okekeleyo ngasemva

Ukuba sithethe edume intsimbi ende kwehlabathi, edume kakhulu Akuthandabuzeki Outcomes Tower. Yeyiphi sixeko kwithambeka Campanile yi-3 ° 54 '? Le isidanga kakhulu oqaphelekayo kuphela kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo. Kwaye ke intsimbi inqaba ngathi frozen elishweni yayo. Akuthandabuzeki ukuba, isixeko Pisa, kwaye kukho ezininzi ezinye izinto ezinomtsalane. Hayi ilize UNESCO efakwe kwi Heritage World yayo (kule nombolo 395), yonke indawo Prato de Miracoli. igama layo eliguqulelwa ngokuthi "Field of Imimangaliso". Kwaye ke lokubhaptiza of San Giovanni, kunye Camposanto amangcwaba, kunye Duomo, azinikele Dormition of the Virgin - i indalo imilingo izakhiwo ephakathi kunye Renaissance. Kodwa nenqaba inkenteza Santa Maria Assunta - into ekhethekileyo. Zonke abakhenkethi va imfuneko atyelele Prato de Miracoli ukuba 'ukuxhasa' umnwe yayo (I, Batman, ndalisindisa kum okekeleyo ngasemva - iifoto uhlobo kakhulu). Kodwa kweli nqaku sijonga kutheni inqaba intsimbi uyawa, yintoni na ukuphakama kwalo nokuba amanye amabali umdla ezinxulumene nayo.

Pisa and ezinika yayo

Cathedral ngokungemthetho obekwe kwi "isithunzi" of intsimbi inqaba yayo odumileyo ekungqulekeni. Ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ukuba uye, kwakunye kwi lokubhaptiza Ioanna Predtechi. Kodwa omnye ummandla Prato de Miracoli lwalunjani mzi ukhathele. Church - St Francis waseAssisi, Santa Maria della Spina, San uPaolo a Ripa-d'Amo, Catherine, Frediano, uStefano, San Michele, eSt Sixtus, kunye nabanye - maxesha ngumzekelo omhle we-Italian Renaissance. Kufuneka kwakhona tyelela weemonki lamandulo St. Anthony. Bakufanele, neegalari ingqalelo eyodwa kunye ezinde Pisa Royal Palazzo Reale, i Medici, Lanfranchi, Agostini, dell'Orologio, Karovana, Borgo Stretto. Pisa wayedlisela enye endala eYurophu. complex emfundo izakhiwo kwakhona elilwela yimbali. Abantu abaninzi beso sixeko kunye neemyuziyam. Eyona idumileyo: San Matteo, Villa di Korliano, delle-Sinop, Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, i Medici yokugcina kunye NONE di San Gallo.

Kutheni eyithanda Tower of Pisa: The Legend

Malunga 'ukuwa' zizeka nenqaba intsimbi kukho lamandulo omhle. Kuthiwa, elingaphezu kweminyaka esibhozo kwekhulu eyadlulayo, ngo-1173, ukwenzela ukwakhiwa Campanile wathabatha inkosi Bonanno pisano. Wadala inqaba ibhastile emangalisayo, ehonjiswe kunye neengqameko zalo kunye imikrolo. Kodwa mandla zendawo ngesizathu esithile, wala ukuhlawula wezakhiwo wathembisa imali. Ke inkosi ngumsindo wathi indalo yakhe: "Ndilandele!" Kwaye waya ngasemzantsi. Kwaye - yabona nanko! - intsimbi inyango lixa wayama kweli cala. consuls luvalo imali ngoko nangoko yonke etyalwa ngesivumelwano. Campanile emkhenkceni, yaye njengoko enjalo sele zikhona kwiinkulungwane ezisibhozo. Kwaba njalo ngokwenene oko kuphuma kulo? Kuphela igama inkosi. Kodwa Bonanno pisano ikwazile ukwakha ngaphantsi kuphela emithathu imigangatho ye steeple ophezulu. Yaye yagqitywa kuphela emva kweminyaka engamakhulu amabini, ngo-1360. Ukuba ihonjiswe kunye eqingqiweyo benkulungwane elinesihlanu, kwaye intsimbi - kwenkulungwane kamva.

Isiphoso, eyaba nal

Lixesha ukuphendula umbuzo wokuba kutheni inqaba ithambekele ka Pisa. Ukuze ixesha elide kwakucingwa ukuba oku - ingcamango womzobi. Kodwa akunjalo. Umakhi ekuqaleni, nkqu ngokubhekiselele kulwakhiwo, wenza impazamo kwi izibalo. Kwi ukuphakama ebelicetyisiwe kwenqaba, waza wamitha (eziimitha ezintathu kuphela ububanzi) isiseko encinane kakhulu. Kwaye ngaphandle, andizange khangela emhlabeni kwindawo yokwakha. Intlenga zomhlaba oludongwe phantsi kwincam esemazantsi kwinqaba waqalisa kweso liwuthe. Le mpazamo ivunjululwe kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu emva ukwakhiwa, xa wayesondele ekupheleni ring Iveranda lesithathu (1178). Kwithambeka Campanile gqitywanga ke ngelo xesha kancinane. Emva kokuba isakhiwo esinemigangatho emithathu kwi ukuphakama kuyimitha elinanye. Phindisela kwi iasi eme nkqo yaba iisentimitha emine. Kodwa kule imeko kwakhokelela Bonanno pisano kunye nomncedisi wakhe uGuglielmo of Innsbruck wayeka umsebenzi nesikhumba kwicala lumbi.

Umzamo ukugqiba Campanile

Ingxaki wayengekho kakhulu ebhankini, kodwa inkoliso yokukhula trend zokutenxa ukusuka iasi eme nkqo. Umsebenzi yamiswa, kodwa hayi kakhulu ngenxa ubunzima kunye nesakhiwo, kodwa ngenxa yemfazwe. Ngo-1233 kumgangatho wesine, i Campanile sele sigqityiwe. Emva iimfazwe emininzi consuls isixeko kwinkulungwane elinesine, wagqiba kwelokuba aqalise ukwakha. Ibhanki ngelo xesha seliphumile sisiqingatha semitha. Kwathatha Dzhovanni Di Simone. Kunokuba sokwazi nokuqonda kutheni axis ende Pisa, waqala ukwakha umgangatho wesihlanu. I-design ngokucacileyo sisisulu ukuwa, yaye inkosi akazange ukuqhubeka ukwakhiwa. Ngapha koko, ngokwemiqathango Bonanno pisano Campanile isonto ephambili Pisa oko wazalwa kwisakhiwo-esinemigangatho ezilishumi kunye belfry phezu kophahla elinanye kunye yeshumi. Ngenxa yoko, isakhiwo lonke, ukuze kuzukiswe uThixo yaye isixeko kwafuneka ukuba mude asithoba anesibhozo eemitha.

Iinzame ukulungisa impazamo

Ngowe-1350 umakhi odumileyo Tommaso Di Andrea nobuganga ukugqibezela umsebenzi ababengaphambi kwakhe. Ngelo xesha, ibhanki sele ebeminyaka imashumi mabini namibini cm. Umakhi wafunda umbuzo kutheni inqaba ithambekele of Pisa, yaye waqonda ukuba - emhlabeni. Umhlaba ngumntu ukutshintsha awunako, kodwa kuchaphazela izicwangciso zokwakha. Wenza izibalo zabo uhlengahlengiso ezithile. Umgangatho elandelayo inqaba wakha iisentimitha elinanye ngakumbi izidanga, ecaleni kwe wacela counterweight ebhankini. Master bashiya into yokuqala kakhulu Campanile eliphezulu. Yena kuphela ukuba kwimiqolo esibhozo. Building akathweswa sithsaba kunye nophahla, kunye intsimbi ezenziwe ngobhedu. Kodwa le ukwala imigangatho emine elinye kuphela ukuwa kunqandwa. The degree of ukuthambekela Campanile sele lukhula ngokuthe ngcembe unyaka nonyaka.

Bell Tower and UGalileo

Musa ukulibala ukuba Outcomes Tower lixhotyiswe ngezinyuko ngaphakathi kunye amanyathelo 294. Ngoku ndinokulunyuka phezu kwabo ukonwabela panorama umdla komzi. Kodwa kudala ngaphambi kokuba ngabakhenkethi ndakhwela Tower UGalileo Galilei. Phambi oonjingalwazi amabini ka-Natural Sciences kwiYunivesithi yase Pisa, yaphosa nenqaba intsimbi kunye izinto kophahla zobunzima ezahlukeneyo ukungqina ingcamango womxhuzulane.

umkhankaso yohlangulo

Okwa entle indalo style Roman waqhubeka ukuba ziphambuke kwesona iasi eme nkqo ngesantya millimitha omnye ngonyaka ngamnye. Kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini abaphengululi bafikelela sigwebo nantsi: Ukuba anithanga uthathe inyathelo ngokukhawuleza, isakhiwo liwela emva kweminyaka engamashumi amane okanye amahlanu. Ukususela ngowe-1994, yena eyitwabulule iphulo yonke ukuhlangula le mbono. Ukuphakama okekeleyo ngasemva kwi iimitha 56.7 ayibandakanyi naziphi na izixhaso yangaphandle. Ingakumbi ukuba lo mgaqo-sikhokelo bekuza ezonakalisa imbonakalo ongengowale ndalo yendalo. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba izazinzulu ndaguqa ukuze ingcambu unobangela 'ukuwa kwenqaba "- ngezizathu. Kule 90 emva kwexesha 'njengenyathelo okwexeshana kwinxalenye esemantla le chap ibekwe ukwakha imivalo phambili. Oku kuchasiwe ukunqanda ukuwa kude kunciphise roll isiqingatha isidanga. Kodwa akazange ayeke nabancedi. Bona ngcembe isentimitha nje, arhola imihlaba nodongwe emzantsi endaweni yazo oluqinile. Ngenxa yezi zifundo, laphela kuphela kunyaka ka-2010, ithambeka Outcomes Tower lehlile ukusuka ku-5 ° 30 '(ngo-1990) ukuya anamhlanje 3 ° 54'. Uluntu ngokubanzi, kwabhengezwa ukuba oqingqiweyo lwezakhiwo kuphinda "kuwa".

Ubuhle Campanile

Kubulungisa kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho izakhiwo ezininzi kwithambeka ibonakale ngokucacileyo ehlabathini. Umzekelo, izinga ukuthambeka ibandla endala Gothic Zuurhuzen e East Friesland (Germany) ngu 1.22 degrees ngaphezu okekeleyo ngasemva. Kwaye kule sihlandlo ibandla waseJamani sele ungene Book Guinness. Kodwa umgca okekeleyo ngasemva, ogama ifoto kudala ibe 'phawu "aloo mzi, naye emangalisayo enhle. Kuye wazalwa itankana umngxuma eyenziwe ngamatye. Carrara emarmore emhlophe, into imibala ezimbini - ezimhlophe yaye ndiyingwevu - yenza nje umtya. neengqukuva Classic umqhele kwivaranda kumgangatho ophantsi evuthelweyo. Onke amacandelo ezintandathu ezilandelayo ahonjiswe Iiveranda ezintle neegalari. Tympanum phezu komnyango ebekwa yi Umfanekiso we Madonna kunye mgawuli Child Andrea Guardi.