Kuznetsky Alatau. Kuznetsky Alatau - Reserve. Map, iifoto

"Kuznetsky Alatau" - yolondolozo lwendalo, nto leyo igcinwa kwaye wafunda enezityalo nezilwanyana kummandla Kemerovo. Uhlobo ezi iindawo ezizodwa. kuwe ukuze ufumane inkcazelo indawo ebekelwe kunye nabemi bayo baya kufumana kweli nqaku.

indawo

Reserve State ise emazantsi Central eSiberia, phezu kwithambeka ntshona kummango Kuznetsky Alatau, kuloo ndawo iphezulu kummandla Mezhdurechensk, Novokuznetsk kunye nommandla Kemerovo Tisulsky District.

Kuznetsky Alatau intaba uluhlu ithatha malunga kwisithathu kummandla Kemerovo. It is a iintaba eliphakathi kwendawo, dissected yi iintlambo lomlambo enzulu. Kwinxalenye yomzantsi kanye Kuznetsky Alatau waphawula iyantlukwano enkulu kummandla nasentshonalanga, abo bangcwele imvelaphi USA River, le Tersey oluphakathi neziphezulu izibophelelo, White kunye Black Yus. Ukuya ngasempumalanga ulinganiselwe Minusinskaya Reserve, yaye ukuya ngasentshona - i Kuznetsk Basin. Kumantla Kuznetsky Alatau akanayo imida ecacileyo, kumazantsi kwayo uphumle phezu Abakan Range of the Sayan Koloni.

History of indalo

izixhobo Process kunye nokudalwa "Kuznetsky Alatau" yathatha iminyaka elishumi. Le ngxoxo esingundoqo ukuvulwa reserve ingxaki biodiversity namanzi nezibonelelo kummandla Kemerovo. Ngowe-1989, ngoDisemba 27, uRhulumente wakhupha inani umthetho 385 ka RSFSR malunga nokusekwa reserve. Kwiminyaka emine emva koko, ngo-1993, ngomhla we-28 Septemba, iBhunga Small of the Kemerovo Oblast Council of yamaSekela Abantu wenza isigqibo №213 ekuvunyweni kwimida reserve kunye isidambisi kwi kummandla okufuphi. Ngowe-1995, 22 Agasti, iBhunga labaPhathiswa of the Republic of Khakassia likuvumile ubungakanani kummandla kukhuselo kwindawo reserve bendalo 8,000 yeehektare. Ngowe-1996, 4 Oktobha, umlawuli we "Kuznetsky Alatau" wamiselwa Vasilchenko Aleksey Andreevich.

Kwanasemva kokuba ukusekwa olusesikweni kummandla reserve liye lehla ukusuka 455 amawaka. Ha ukuya 412,9 amawaka. Ha ngokunxulumene nocwangciso ulawulo kwiphulo eSiberia ye-Main Hunting Administration of the RSFSR.

iimeko zemozulu

Reserve "Kuznetsky Alatau» Climate, iifoto apho kungabonwa kweli nqaku, sele ucwaningo kolwabelo olungalinganiyo. Xa obushushu asezantsi, umoya inkulu avareji isantya somoya sibonile ngexesha kubanda. Oku oqaphelekayo ingakumbi kumaxesha yenguqu. Xa yasekwindla nemvula yasentwasahlobo kusenokwenzeka ukuba babe yimimoya bevuthela ngesantya yeemitha 10-15 ngomzuzwana. Xa ezincotsheni zeentaba air Velocity ngaphezu 25-30 ngomzuzwana, kwezinye iimeko ukuya ku 60-70 ngomzuzwana. imimoya Hurricane-mandla zibe ngexesha efudumeleyo, ehlotyeni ngesantya efikelela 30-34 ngomzuzwana. Kwiimeko ezininzi, inyanga zikhuthazayo - Julayi. NgoJuni nango-Agasti lobushushu lomoya malunga efanayo.

ezanyisayo

Iintlobo 65 ezincancisayo bahlala Kuznetsky Alatau, kuquka iintlobo ezintlanu ungulates, ezilishumi - amarhamncwa, ezintathu - lagomorphs, amashumi amabini anesine - iimpuku, anesithoba - bat elinanye - izinambuzane. Ngokomthetho bucala izilwanyana imelwe Iifom hlathi: vole ndiyingwevu-kabini, chipmunk, zeAltai igala, shrew encinane njalo njalo. Kukwakho ixhama, ingcuka, impungutye, ibhere elimdaka, otter, nembila, vole ebomvu eqhelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, ezintabeni Kuznetsky Alatau na indawo yezilwanyana sisazama entsonkothileyo uphawu kummandla zeAltai-Sayan.

iimpawu zendalo

Uphawu ezingundoqo "Kuznetsky Alatau" Reserve nguye ubunzulu ikhephu, kuphela kulo mmandla eSiberia. Ngokomlinganiselo, kuloo mmandla kwindawo ekhuselweyo lufikelela eziimitha ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu, kunye nezitya intermountain kunye lifutha - ezilishumi elinesihlanu eemitha. iimeko zamadlelo elisemagqabini izilwanyana uphuphu-ayabulala, ingakumbi Ngoko ke, indawo egciniweyo wambumba adle uzale kusombiwa. cover ikhephu High kwakhona kuthintela ukuqanda kwimihlaba e namathafa Kuznetsk Alatau, eqinisekisa uphumelele zasebusika otter, ngoboya, muskrat, beaver, nolovane. Noko ke, izilwanyana ezanyisayo uhlala baboniswa kumngcipheko wentshabalalo, njengoko eyona ndawo inabantu kummandla eSiberia - ummandla Kemerovo - wokuzingela liba mthethweni. ngayo Ingakumbi na iintlobo amadlelo: amaxhama, iielk, amaxhama. amanani zabo reserve lisephantsi.

Izilwanyana nyoni

"Kuznetsky Alatau" - izabelo, likhaya leentlobo 273 zeentaka. Kabanzi emideni yonke kwindawo ekhuselweyo iintlobo ezinjalo ezinqabileyo yeentaka ezifana nengwamza emnyama. On the Lower Tesi wafumana ospreys yokwakha iindawo. Ebekelwe bucala umiwe iinkozi zegolide kunye njengeyona. Kwindawo subalpine ningawufumana Saker, kunye namahlathi inqabe - merlin kunye Crested Honey nesangxa.

Kutshona kwezisezantsi iindawo nesiphakathi imilambo simiyo Eagle-nenomlanga. Kutshanje anqabe owl nesihuluhulu, nefubesi phambene, ixesha-eared nefubesi, Scops Owl, isikhova pygmy kunye yesikhova. In Kuznetsky Alatau kukho iintlobo-41 zeentaka ezincinane eyaziwayo kwaye kunqabile. Umzimba abahlali ezithile boreal nezabelo esimibalabala ezahlukeneyo, esimibalabala omnyama, qiniseka, Tit, Tit abamnyama willow, nuthatch, kuksha, jay, nutcracker, icula.

Kummandla imilambo intaba omiweyo yi Merganser kunye ezazikwi- cwaka oxbow namachibi kwindlwane Garganey, Pintail, Mallard kunye neminenga ezingababulali. Forest kunye entabeni amachibi afumaneka idada tufted, nentambanane-nose kunye ubusika Gogol. Omele kakhulu ezininzi iintlobo karhataka yeentaka nanku omnyama. Le umsipres nompleyini nomgalagala ndawonye nakumahlathi zenzeka blackbirds: ukucula, umkhohlisi, libunile, ntaba eSiberia nothuthu. Kwezi iindawo kwakhona ekhaya ukuya isikhukukazi harrier, iprofayile brawuni Bluethroat.

Izilwanyana iintlanzi eziphila

Reserve "Kuznetsky Alatau" kwimephu apho imilambo emininzi kunye namachibi, likhaya leentlobo-13 iintlanzi. Imilambo ntaba uyahlangabezana grayling eSiberia kunye trout begusha neflakisi. Inani iintlanzi zifumaneka Amachibi reserve mncinane kakhulu. Kuphela eliphezulu Kii River, unako ukubamba burbot, zakhele, Pike kunye shipovku eziqhelekileyo. Kukho ezininzi podkamenschik live pestronogy, loach eSiberia, gudgeon, yayinguDace kunye minnow umlambo. Umthombo umlambo avareji mavi kakuhle bafunda waza wafumana akunakuvelisa uhlobo kakhulu ezinqabileyo eziphila - lamprey Siberian.

Kuznetsky Alatau likhaya leentlobo ezintlanu emanzini, kodwa yolondolozo lwendalo kumiwa hi ezimbini kuphela: isele YamaSilamsi kunye xoxo gray. lenyushu necilishe viviparous: Kukho iindidi ezimbini ezirhubuluzayo ezifumaneka ngayo.

Flora

Kwi reserve "Kuznetsky Alatau" wafumana izityalo 618 ephakamileyo semithambo, kuqikelelwa ukuba abantu abangaphezu 943 iintlobo zezityalo likhule kule mimandla, amatyholo kunye nemithi. Inxalenye ebonakalayo bucala zigqunywe ngamahlathi hlathi entabeni nespruce, umsipres nompleyini nomgalagala ndawonye eSiberia, kumathambeka zasempumalanga unika indlela eya larch kunye pine yehlathi. I-inshorensi uhlaza bubonakaliswe iintlobo yonke imimandla altitudinal: kumathafa wasezintabeni, nemiqolomba zasezintabeni, hlathi omnyama, emathafeni kunye nemimandla emathafeni ihlathi. izityalo ezininzi ezinqabileyo kukhula reserve: Slipper nenekazi, rhodiola pink, RHAPONTICUM CARTHAMOIDES kunye nabanye.

isiphelo

Ngokwaneleyo wafunda babeziindleko of Kuznetsky Alatau Range. Mezhdurechensk - isixeko kummandla Kemerovo, apho i-ofisi sibekwe Umbutho State "National Park" Kuznetsky Alatau "." It iphatha uphando kwi ecosystem kule ndawo, amanyathelo ukukhusela enezityalo nezilwanyana kwimiphumo eyingozi yemisebenzi yabantu, ngokunjalo ukwenza imisebenzi yenkcubeko kunye nezemfundo. Kuyinto enzima kuyimfuneko ukugcina uhlobo unina ngohlobo olulo ecocekileyo.