Kwakhiwa njani amagama aseHungary. Ubaluleka begama eliqhelekileyo kwiiRashiya nase-Ukraine

AmaHungary, okanye iMagyars, njengoko zibiza ngokwazo, zihleli phantsi kwihlabathi. Ukongeza kwilizwe labo, zonke iindawo zaseHungary zihlala eNtshona Ukraine (eTranscarpathia), ePoland, eRomania, eSlovakia. Abaninzi baseHungary bafudukela kwindawo yokuhlala ngonaphakade-e-US naseCanada. Malunga ne-4 000 abemi baseRashiya bazijonga njengabantu baseHungary. Iziganeko zeembali ziye zaxuba iMagyars kunye nezinye izizwe, yaye ngokuqhelekileyo abo banxiba amagama angamaHungary abakhohlwayi nakwiimeko zabo kwesi sizwe.

Imbali kwifayili

Elinye igama laba bantu ngu-Uganda. Ilizwe lakwabo abahlala kwisizwe sakwa-Onugres, abaphandi bajonga kwimimandla yasempuma ye-Urals, apho bafudukela khona kwiindawo ezifudumalayo, bawela iCarpathians baza bafumana ilizwe labo kwi-Basal Urals basin.

Isimo saseHungary sakhiwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-11. Abameli bezinye iintlanga babehlala behlala kwintsimi yobuhlanga beeMagyars, izalamane ezazisondeleyo kwiinkolelo zonqulo zangena kwimitshato kwaye zaxutyaniswa nomthonyama. Ukuhlala ixesha elide kwilizwe laseAustro-Hungarian kukhokelela ekubunjweni kwamagama amagama ase-Austro-Hungarian.

Ulwimi lwaseHungary kunye namagama amagama: amagama

Nangona ukujikeleza kweentlobo zeelwimi zamaSlavic kunye namaRomano-aseJamani, iintsapho zeelwimi zaseFinnno-Ugric ziyahlukana. Le nyaniso ichaza indlela ekhethekileyo yokwakhiwa kwamagama kunye negama. Kuze kube sekuqaleni kwekhulu le-13, amagama angamaHungary ayengakho konke (oku kuqhelekileyo kubantu abaninzi baseSlavic). Ukubonisa ubuni bomntu, nangona ifa lakhe, kuphela igama elisebenzisiweyo.

Amagama amagama aseHungary ahamba phambi kwegama, njengesigqibo esifanelekileyo. Ukutyunjwa kabini ubuntu obusasazekayo kuqala kuphela phakathi kwama-aristocracy, phakathi kwezidumi, emva kancinci - phakathi kwabantu basezidolophini. Abahlali abahluphekileyo abangenamhlaba ixesha elide bahlala bengenanto, kwada kwangekhulu le-18 lemithetho umthetho wasebukhosini wanyanzeliswa, unyanzelekile ukuba bonke banxibe igama lokuqala kunye negama lokugqibela.

AmaHongary amagama: umvelaphi

Amaqela e-Lexical evela kumagama ase-Hungari aneemithombo emininzi.

• Iqela eliqhelekileyo liqulethwe ngamaqonga avela kwi-profession, umsebenzi, ubugcisa okanye isikhundla: uMolnar (miller), Ach (umchweli), uPap (umbingeleli), uKovacs (umkhandi), iRakos (intsingiselo ngqo "yomhlaza", obizwa ngokuba ngumlobi) .
• Amagama obawo aguqulelwe nawo aqhelekileyo. Le mfundo yaba yinto ethandwayo nesizathu sokuba ingamkelekanga ukuba ifake iqela elibizwa ngegama lesiHongari. Igama likayise njengegama lentsapho alisoloko liphela: UPeter Sandor noSandor uPetros bahlukene ngabantu. Ukucacisa ngubani othethayo, kumaphepha, imibuzo, izintlu kukho igrafu apho igama lomama lomama liboniswa khona. Ngamanye amaxesha igama le-tata lihlanganiswa -y (kwaye), njengombonakaliso "wakhe" -Mikloshi. Enye indlela yokongeza igama elithi "unyana" ("fi"): Peterfi, Mantorfi.
• Amaninzi amaninzi aseHungary awakhiwa ukusuka kwindawo yokuzalwa. Amagama emidolophana, imizi, iintsapho zeenqwelwana ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngesisombululo -i: Kalo, Pato, Debreceni, Tordai.
• Kwakhiwa iqela elikhulu elinamaqonga ezivela kumagama ezizwe nezizwe: Omnye (uSerbia), Gorvat (Croat), Nemeth (isiJamani), Olah (isiRomania), njl.
• Amancinci, kodwa aqhelekanga phakathi kwamazwi aseHungariya anxulumene nokutyalwa kweempawu zangaphakathi okanye zangaphandle zomntu: uNagi (omkhulu), uBalgog (onoyolo).

Amagama abesifazana

Kuyinto engavamile kakhulu ukuguqula amagama amabhinqa xa utshatile. Amaqhina amabhinqa aseHungary kunye namagama yigama elipheleleyo lomyeni wakhe kunye nokongezwa kokuphela "kuthi". Ngoko, umfazi weAndros Kovacs uya kuthiwa nguAndroshny Kovacs. Ukuze ugweme ukudideka, umthetho wamukelwa, ngokubhekiselele kuwo nawabasetyhini banamhlanje abanelungelo lokukhetha. Baya kunqamanisa ukuphela kwefayili (Kovachny), banokuyigcina igama leentombazana kunye nefayili, banokugqoka ukutshintsha okuphindwe kabini: intombi yentombazana kunye nomyeni wayo. Kodwa, njengoko inani libonisa, izithethe zomelele kangangokuba amaninzi amantombazana "aqanjwe" kwindlela endala xa esitshatileyo, eseza ukungaboni ngaso linye phakathi kwamanye amazwe angaphandle.

"Bethu baseHungary"

Abemi abaninzi baseUkraine naseRashiya abaziboni njengamaMagyars, kodwa ama-Hungarian amagama asuka kwiihlo zobawo. Uluhlu lwegama eliqhelekileyo lomthombo wesiHungary lilandelayo.

1. I-Kovacs ngumsimbi.
2. UMolnar ngu miller.
3. I Gorvat yiCroat.
4. UVarga uyisithuthuthu.
5. U-nig ulungile.
6. Kish incinci.
7. Sabo - tailor.
8. Farkash yindoda.
9. Omnye (a) nguSlovak.
10. I-Balog isesandleni esisele.