Isixeko sasePenza, isikhumbuzo kwi-First Settler (ukwakheka kwesakhiwo "Umgcini Wokuqala"): idilesi, ababhali, inkcazelo

Ngokuqhelekileyo zonke izibonelelo zemihla ngemihla zineempawu ezizenzayo. I-Penza ayikho ikhefu. Isikhumbuzo kwi-First Settler siqakatheke kwisixeko, sakhiwe emashumi eminyaka edlulileyo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, esi sikhumbuzo sinembali yaso, ekufuneka siyazi kakuhle.

Isikhumbuzo sichaza ntoni?

Ewe, oku akusiyo isakhiwo esibalulekileyo kwisimo sengqondo sembali, apho iPenza inokuziqhayisa ngayo. Isikhumbuzo kwi-Settler yokuqala senziwa kuphela ngowe-1980. Ukuvulwa kwakhe okuvakalayo kwaphelelwa ixesha ukudibana nombhiyozo wonyaka wama-600 wokunqoba ukuba ulawulo lwamazwe luphumelele kwiqhawe elidumiweyo laseKukokovo.

Kwakutheni ukuze isakhiwo sibe esinye sezibonakaliso eziphambili zesixeko kwiminyaka embalwa nje? Abadali banquma ukunikela isikhumbuzo sokuqala kwisiseko sePenza, ukwenzela ukuba kube sisikhumbuzo sabemi bokuqala kule ndawo. Isikhumbuzo sithuthukisa abasebenzi abasemzimbeni, apho inhlalakahle yesixeko kunye nelizwe lonke lixhomekeke. Ukwaxelela nangenkalipho yamajoni awakhusele umda we-mpuma-mpuma karhulumente kwimimandla enobudlova kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo.

Ukubunjwa kobunqamle "Umhlali wokuqala": inkcazo

I-bronze yinto ebonakalayo evela kuso. Iquka umfanekiso womntu kunye nehashe lakhe. UValentin Grigorevich Kozenyuk, umbhali weprojekthi yokuqala, wagqiba ekubeni le ndoda iya kuthatha iindima ezimbini. Ngexesha elifanayo ungumqhawe kunye nomlimi. Ukugqithiswa kwesibalo kugxininiswa ngentshuntshe ebukhali, ephoswe ngesandla. Ilima lichaza ngokuzimisela ukusebenza.

Iintlobo ezimbini zimela ihashe lomkhosi welizwe. Kuyacaca ukuba, ihashe ingasetyenziselwa iinjongo zemikhosi, kodwa nokulima insimi nayo. Ngexesha xa iPenza yasungulwa, kulula ukuyifumana ngokufunda ukubhaliswa kwisiseko se-granite yesakhiwo. Kwenzeke kwiminyaka eyi-1663 ekude.

Ngokuchasene nesikhumbuzo unokubona iindawo zokuhlala zodonga lwangaphambili lenkqantosi, eyasetyenziswa kwiinjongo zokuzikhusela. Le shaft yinto efanayo kunye nokuhlala. Izikhulu zedolophu ziye zanyamekela ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwe-serf yokucima. Kwakhona unokubona isango lesibhakabhaka ngesitya esenziwe ngentsimbi. Kwinqanaba lalo sisikhumbuzo sesikhumbuzo.

Ukuvela kweengcamango

Ukuba kwakungekho uGeorge Myasnikov, umqeshwa weKomiti yesithili yePenza ye-CPSU, akanakuze azuze esi sikhumbuzo esikhulu sePenza. Isikhumbuzo ku-First Settler sakhulelwa ngulo mntu njengenkolelo kubasunguli abanesibindi nabemi bokuqala bokuhlala. U-Myasnikov wayaziwa ngemisebenzi yakhe ukuze kuzuze isixeko sakhe esiyintanda; naye unezinye izinto ezifanelekileyo ezingahambelani nokwakhiwa.

Isikhumbuzo sagqitywa ngowe-1980, kodwa umsebenzi ophathelene nokudalwa kwayo kwaqala ngasekupheleni kuka-1977. Umdwebi okhankanywe ngasentla u-Kozenyuk kunye nomyili wezakhiwo uKomarov wasebenza kule projekthi. I-Butcher iphupha ukuphawula ukuvulwa kwesiqithi esakhiweyo kwi-Battle of Kulikovo. Xa, ngoDisemba 30, 1979, uKozenyuk wamxelela ukuba isikhumbuzo sagqityiwe, u-Myasnikov waqonda ukuba umnqweno wakhe wawuzaliseka.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuba okokuqala le projekthi yenziwe nguValentin Kozenyuk njengeqela lezithunzi "Volga and Mikula". Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuvunywa kwayo ngokuphumelelayo ngabasemagunyeni besixeko, uKozenyuk no-Myasnikov bafumana isisombululo esinomdla ngakumbi. Bagqiba ekubeni basuse "i-Lion-Volga", beshiya ixhoba kunye nekhonto lomlimi kwaye bongeza ihashe.

Khetha indawo

Kwixesha elide, uValentin Kozenyuk akakwazanga ukugqiba apho ukubunjwa kobunqamle "Umgcini Wokuqala" uza kufakwa. Ekuqaleni ingqalelo yomdwebi wathandwa yindawo e kufuphi ne cafe "Zaseka", eyayibonakala iyifanelekile. Indawo yokutyela itholakala ngaphandle komzi, ijikelezwe lihlathi. Nangona kunjalo, i-grandiosity yesakhiwo, eyaqala ukubonakala kwiinkqubo zendalo yayo, yaphoqelelwa i-Myasnikov ukuba iqinisekise iKozenyuk. Ilungu lekomiti yesithili ye-Penza yeCPSU yanquma ukuba iqela elinje lobunqamlekileyo lalingenalo ndawo ngaphandle komzi, ukuba yayiza kudibanisa ne-cafe, ingaba yongezwa kuphela.

Emva kwempikiswano ende, abadali besikhumbuzo baqaphelisisa inxalenye yesiganeko sokuhlala, okwangoku ngoku kusetyenziswa njengendawo. Isixeko sasePenza siyaziwayo kulo lonke ilizwe kwizakhiwo zembali, kodwa akukho namnye kubo onokukhuphisana kunye neendleko zeempembelelo ngokwexesha elidlulileyo. Ukulondolozwa kwengxenye yodonga, okwakhiwa kude emva kwekhulu le-17, inokubonakala kokuphakama kokukhupha, ukunyuka apho ungayibona khona yonke idolophu njengesandla sakho. Kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba kufike indawo engcono yokumisela isikhumbuzo esinobukhulu kunabemi bokuqala basePenza.

"Isikhumbuzo esingalunganga"

Njengoko uyazi, ngexesha lobukho beSoviet Union, kwakuqhelekileyo ukwakha izikhumbuzo kwizixeko ezizinikezele kwi-Revolution ye-Oktobha, ezukisa iinkokeli zayo. Izikhumbuzo ezakhiweyo ngokuhlonishwa kwamajoni awela ngexesha leMfazwe ePhambili yePatriotic nawo ayithandwa. Lo mgaqo ongekho mthethweni awuzange uphelelwe yinkampani kunye nokuhlala okunjalo njengePenza. Isikhumbuzo kwi-First Settler, esidalwe kule sixeko, sinokudibana noorhulumente.

UKozenyuk no-Myasnikov babesoloko besatshutshiswa ngabasemagunyeni kwiRussophilia, kodwa abazange bashiye ingcamango yabo yangaphambili. Ngenxa yoko, yonke into iphelile kakuhle, isikhumbuzo asizange sihlangabezane nesimo sengqondo esibi.

Ukuphulwa komthetho wabanqabileyo

Kwakukho esinye isithintelo esicacileyo - iMidlalo yeOlimpiki yasehlobo, eyayiza kwenzeka ngo-1980 kwikomkhulu. URhulumente uvimbele ukufakwa kweememorials ezintsha kwimimandla. Oku bekucingwa njengenkcitho engenakulungiswa yenkxaso-mali, eyayicetywayo ukunikela ngokupheleleyo ekulungiseleleni umbutho wezemidlalo ezinkulu.

Umyalelo wekarhulumente waphulwa, okwakungabonakalisa ukuba i-Myasnikov i-ofisi yakhe kuphela, kodwa nokuba nobulungu beqela. Nangona kunjalo, akukho nto eyenzekayo.

Inyaniso

Indlu ye postmaster, esekelwe kwisikhumbuzo, ingadilizwa ngexesha lokwakha isayithi enikezelwe ukwakhiwa; U-Penza wayenokulahleka le sakhiwo, njengoko u-Myasnikov acingisisa ngokukhethekileyo ngeli khetho. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yoko, washiya le ngcamango.

Okuthakazelisayo, kwiminyaka emithathu nje kamva, ngokumangalisa, indlu ehleliyo yajika yaba yindawo yemyuziyam, ebizwa ngokuba yiMyuziyam yoLunye Udwebo. Emva kancinane isakhiwo saqanjwa ngokuthi sihloniphe u-Myasnikov ngokwakhe, kwaye sisasebenza.

Kwakhona unokwazi ukuba isikhumbuzo esithandwayo sibizwa njani phakathi kwabantu. "Indoda enehashe" - igama leethente linikezelwa kwisikhumbuzo ngabemi basePenza.

Indawo

Njani iindwendwe zeso sixeko ukufumana ukwakhiwa okukhulu kwinqanaba, elidumileyo kuMnu Penza (isikhumbuzo ku-First Settler)? I-Kirov Street iyindawo apho isikhumbuzo esiphezulu sakhiwa khona. Emva kwesikhumbuzo unokubona iziboniso zeCawa yokuTshintshiselwa. Ngasemva kwayo yindawo yokubona, apho iindwendwe kunye nabemi belali beza kulithanda ubuhle besixeko. Isayithi inqatyisiwe ngocingo eyenziwe ngentsimbi yentsimbi, apho ingubo yeengalo zePenza ifakwe .

Ekugqibeleni, malunga nesikhumbuzo ungabona i-residu yesigxina sokuzivikela, esakhiwe ngekhulu le-17, kunye ne-cannon. Kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, kufuphi neMyuziyam yepeyinti enye, ilungele ukufumana bonke abadlali.