"Kwimiwonyo ezintathu": le mveliso yezityalo sikhulu ehlabathini

"Kwimiwonyo ezintathu" - ayikho isikhululo nje inkulu kagesi igunya ehlabathini, kodwa isikhonkwane Chinese kazwelonke, ezitsala abakhenkethi ezininzi ezivela kulo lonke ihlabathi. I ophehlwa likhulu elahliweyo ngomlomo lomlambo iteksti, nezaye ukwenza imisebenzi ezintathu eziphambili - sizukulwana electric amandla, ulawulo konogumbe, kwakunye nokuphuculwa yeNavigeyishini. Ukwakhiwa kwale ndawo yaqala ngo-1994, yaye emva kweminyaka esithoba kamva isikhululo baqalisa ukuvelisa umbane yokuqala. Ngo-Julayi ka-2012, wonke umsebenzi wokwakha ugqityiwe, emva koko isikhululo inkulu amandla kagesi ehlabathini ngafakwa ngokusesikweni ukusebenza.

Xa ukuphakama nedama ifikelela kwiimitha 185 yaye uyakwazi ukudlula zonke yesibini 116.000 cubic metres yamanzi. Inani lilonke leeyunithi hydraulic ilingana ezimashumi mathathu anane. Amandla ngamnye megawatts amathathu anesibini ka-700, kunye eseleyo (babedla ngumnikazi iimfuno into) ezimbini - 50 megawatts. Umthamo iyonke "kwemiwonyo ezintathu" yi-22.5 GW. Sona isizukulwana yamandla zombane, isikhululo samandla ngamanzi inkulu unako ukuvelisa ngonyaka iiyure-kilowatt malunga ikhulu elinamanci billion. Loo nto inika umdla abayili lalenze isicwangciso sokuba isikhululo uya kumnika-seshumi se-eneji iyonke eziveliswa e China. Kodwa kwaqhubeka kangaka kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwendawo, iimfuno zwe zandile kakhulu, kwaye ngoku amandla onika isikhululo samandla ngamanzi ngxilimbela, ngu ezimbini kuphela pesenti lilonke.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukubaluleka omkhulu isikhululo samandla ngamanzi ngexesha izikhukula. Ngokwembali, ukuba ezi ntlekele zemvelo ngenxa yabemi China i ingxaki enkulu kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba unyaka ngamnye baphathe inani elikhulu ubomi babantu. Kule nkalo, i- River iteksti ngoku phantsi yokwakha ndachithelwa oluntsonkothileyo okugcina amanzi. Ukongeza "kwimiwonyo ezintathu" wakhe isityalo amandla ngamanzi "Gezhouba", eyakhiwa ngo-1988. Ukongeza, izikhululo abasixhenxe okwangoku kukwinqanam lokwakha. Le mveliso yezityalo inkulu ehlabathini kukho ichibi enesakhono kwiikhilomitha cubic meter 20. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, oku kuya kunciphisa kakhulu impembelelo onogumbe entwasahlobo yonyaka. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kungekho nayiphi ichibi umbane kuba lixhomekeke amanzi emlanjeni. Ngapha koko, ngamandla alo ephantsi wancipha. Kwaye xa bezandyondyo inkoliso meltwater ngocwangcisa esigangeni.

isityalo amandla kagesi "kwimiwonyo ezintathu" ibekwe kwindawo entle phakathi imizi Yichang kunye Chongqing. Kule ndawo kukho iindawo ezininzi zenkcubeko zendalo. Ngenxa ngokuphuma zokwakha, isikhululo inkulu amandla kagesi ehlabathini, owaziwa ngelika "Pearl of the iteksti River." Ukongeza, kukho umdla omkhulu ebantwini usoloko ithuba inkqubela yenzululwazi kunye nobugcisa, akumangalisi ukuba nguye "kwimiwonyo ezintathu" waqalisa ithandwa enkulu phakathi abatyeleli nkqu ngexesha lokwakha.

Ke ukuba iingxilimbela zasekhaya, isityalo inkulu amandla ngamanzi eRashiya - nto Sayano-Shushenskaya. Nangona into yokuba amandla ayo ebhengeziweyo ka-6.400 megawatts, kuthatha kuphela wesixhenxe kuluhlu lwabadlali ehlabathini. Ukongezelela 'kwimiwonyo ezintathu "kwi top ezintathu ezifana amandla ngamanzi njengoko Brazilian-Paraguay" Itaipu "(14,000 MW) kunye nesigebenga aphehla Venezuela -" Guri "(10.2 megawatts).