"Pet Veliky" - Cruiser yenyukliya. Nuclear enomjukujelwa Cruiser "Pet Veliky": Inkcazo

Ecwebezelayo amandla iphambili Russian lwaphela ingqalelo ngwenya, enyukliya nedizili-zombane. Yokuba inkonzo enzima kude kunxweme lwabo lweenkobe, unobtrusively ebonisa sesichengeni iintshaba ezinokubakho, amaxesha ngamaxesha, ukuvumela ngabom ukuba "ukubona". Asakhulayo iintshaba zakho ezinzulwini zolwandle kwi ezona zinto engalindelekanga, kufutshane uhlela band ngu navies angaphandle, babonisa iingqwayi-ngqwayi imikhumbi ukuba, nangona lokungabonakali, aziyi ndawo. Loxolo, isenzo esinjalo kuthathwa eqhelekileyo, ngoxa kwimeko ebusweni lweenqanawa ezintywilayo lemfazwe kubonakaliswa ngokwahlukileyo. Kodwa ngwenya ezizezakhe amaqhinga kunye nentshukumo kweenqanawa kumphezulu phantse akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuzimela, ingakumbi ezifana abathwali moya elikhulu okanye cruisers ngesityalo ngamandla enyukliya. Kubonakala ukuba ezi ngxilimbela ningoyiki nabani.

Ingaba kukho imfuneko yale Anaki?

Yiloo indlela aziphatha ngayo elwandle enomjukujelwa yenyukliya Cruiser "Pet Veliky". "Military Review" - iwebhusayithi elungiselelwe iinkqubo izixhobo basekhaya angaphandle, - ukwazisa iindwendwe ku iinkcukacha ezininzi zobugcisa lwesakhiwo esi sikhephe, ukusebenza kwayo isebenza, kodwa angabinalo ngokuhlaziya impumelelo yayo ukulwa xa kuthe marine kakhulu okanye ungquzulwano wonke. Nangona kunjalo Cruiser, owasekwa ngo-1986, akukho kuphinda ukukhawulelana neemfuno kwewaka entsha, kwathiwa yenzelwe ngaphandle kokuthathela technology akhawunti nokubonakala ephantsi usukelo enkulu ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo. It zinezibonelelo, kodwa inani lokusilela, ezifana umxholo unit yokulwa kuxabisa ebuncwaneni Russian kwi isixa ngeenxa ngonyaka. Ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuba nuclear yethu fleet enikwe Cruiser "Pet Veliky" okanye ngcono yaye kungabinandleko ukuba ngwenya, iinkqubo enomjukujelwa aqhelekileyo kunye Aviation yomkhosi? yimpumelelo Kuya kuba nako ukuzikhusela imida Russian maritime xa kuthe iimeko ezizodwa yomgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle? Oko anako angi elwandle?

Le mibuzo ifuna iimpendulo olubanzi eneenkcukacha.

"Orlan" Series

Ngaloo mihla, xa umkhosi eSoviet Union umthetho yi Admiral Gorshkov, ukungabi eqhelekileyo iqhinga yomkhosi wamanzi wayekholose iinqanawa ezinkulu, zombini umphezulu kunye kwamanzi. Namandla gidi eSoviet Navy lweenqanawa ezintywilayo zenyukliya ezininzi inkwili-efuziselwa kunye cruisers, bristling kunye izindululi enomjukujelwa, radars kunye eriyali. izityalo Diesel amandla iingqameko uluhlu yokusetyenziswa yokusebenza zamandla aselwandle. Nika ( "Pet Veliky" ukususela ngo-1998) ngowona ubukho obonakalayo kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye elwandle wabekwa kwi kwiBaltic Plant "uYuri Andropov". Cruiser Nuclear akazange kwakhiwa mnye, phezu kwazo nje iingxaki zoqoqosho ezinzima ngexesha ngokutsha ezi shipyards baqalisa uthotho iinqanawa ezine ngo-1144 iprojekthi yokuqala ethe wafumana igama jikelele "Orlan". "Abazalwana" Native, "Andropov" intsimbi "laseKirov", "Frunze" yaye "esibizwa", obizwa emva amanani abaziwayo Communist Party. iziganeko elandelayo, nto leyo lafika kweli lizwe, wabonisa ukuba ngokubeka loo msebenzi enkulu-isikali imikhosi kwakhona komhlaba-ze Navy wobunkokheli lizwe ezimbalwa ashushu. Okwangoku, ngaphandle yonke series, omnye kuphela enomjukujelwa Cruiser zenyukliya "Pet Veliky" yi zilwe-ukulungele unit. Yintoni eza kwenzeka "Admiral various" (owayesakuba "Frunze") kunye "Admiral Nakhimov" ( "esibizwa"), kucacile ukuba ziyaphuculwa kwaye iya kuma kude kube sekupheleni kweminyaka kulo msebenzi. Bayahlelwa "Admiral Ushakov" ( "laseKirov"), buhlungu, elinde umkhombe okurisayikilisha.

Ungena phezulu ngokuzola, yena akakwazi

Le nqanawa ayikho enkulu nje. Inkulu kakhulu ukuba iziphathi kuphela. Kusenokuba iminyaka uhambo elizenzekelayo, ukuba yenziwe ukutshintshwa acwangcisiweyo abasebenzi kunye bazalisa isitokhwe ukutya. Iqela iqulathe 727 oomatiloshe, Awaxela, amagosa egunyazisa kunye namagosa, kuquka 18 abaqhubi kunye nabasebenzi nokugcinwa, ntaka nkonzo. Isantya amaqhina-32. Ukubana iitoni 26.000 ka. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ukuqinisekisa vu bembonakalo yayo nayiphi na indawo kolwandle ihlabathi cishe akunakwenzeka. Kwaye akukho ubukhulu, hayi kanye mandithi, hayi kuphela kuzo. Esi sicatshulwa ngokusebenzisa okubandezeleka okanye imijelo disavows kunye neenqanawa ephantsi-yeetoni, ukuba Cruiser lwenyukliya "Pet Veliky". Iindaba ukuba carrier ethile, umbhuqi okanye awahlali badlula Suez Canal, i Bosphorus kunye iDardanelles, nangoko ndikuchithachithe kulo lonke ihlabathi. Ngoko ke yintoni na ingongoma ingxilimbela ukuba indawo yayo lisoloko yaziwa, ukuba akuveli kwi TV, ngokutsho esweni satellite na?

ongundoqo kubhekiso

Icacile ukuba ukubonakala kumanxweme kule nqanawa enamandla nawuphi lutshaba elinokubakho abalindi yokubhengeza alam jikelele. Ukusabela Kwakuya kuba umthetheli-compound yomkhosi wamanzi, nto leyo, ngenxa yezizathu ezithile, yiya enzima zenyukliya enomjukujelwa Cruiser "Pet Veliky". Ukuba umcimbi onjalo eyenzekayo xa kukho uxolo, bonke egqibile "ngokutshintshiselana imbeko," rhoqo butho ngembeko uhlube igubu bakhe kunye neenkqubo zokhuselo, "ukwenza ingxolo ethile" link aphume, "njengoko iinqanawa elwandle." Kodwa uya zimbi kakhulu kwaye iyingozi ngakumbi xa kuthe imfazwe. Ngokutsho utshaba ekujoliswe enkulu ngoko nangoko umlilo evulekileyo, kwaye uya kwenza nantoni na ukuze azambatha ezantsi Cruiser. Siqala aya kusabela imijukujelwa anti-nqanawa, torpedoes, ugwayimbo umoya kunye nezinye izinto ezikhohlakeleyo, "Petro Veliky"? Ke ukuba unako ngokwakhe xa kufuneka strike kwangaphambili kwinjongp?

Ewe. Ukwenza oku, kuye yonke into oyifunayo.

izikhali

It iyodwa nje kuphela ubukhulu. Kweli hlabathi akukho iinqanawa neavianesuschih lwezigalo ezifana "Pet Veliky". Cruiser Inyukliya kwibhodi arsenal elikhulu zonke iindlela kukonakaliswa ngumlilo kunokwenzeka kwaye ezikhusela ukuhlasela emoyeni, ukuhlaselwa ngwenya, izisongelo zam kunye nezinye iingozi. "Ukuvuleka Chief" le mijukujelwa "Granit", iyavela izindululi amabini kumgangatho ongezantsi.

Uhlaselo pack ezi oonokrwece anyamezele ayinakwenzeka, ukuba ube nenkqubo ehlangeneyo, stand-alone ulawulo. Moya iququzelele "inkokeli" ukuvuka ngaphezulu kwazozonke ezinye imijukujelwa, yaye kwimeko ukoyiswa utshaba lwakhe enomjukujelwa kuthetha kukho "umsebenzi" oluzenzekelayo yinkokeli entsha. Ngokubambisana erediyo kwaye izinto bobuxoki wadubula 'inyengane "abaya kuthathelwa ingqalelo exhasayo.

inkqubo yokhuselo Air S-300F (kwizicelo marine) yongezwe kunye neenkqubo anti-moya "angababulali" yaye "Chestnut". La maziko akhuselwe kwimiphumo Tarka imijukujelwa anti-nqanawa sungula kuquka evela iinqwelo-moya. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba ukuhlasela nkqu iziqhushumbisi ultra-ngqo kunye laser ukhokelo.

Attack inomzimba kunye izikhephe enomjukujelwa nayo akuphumelelanga. Ukongeza, kukho enomjukujelwa kunye zokudubula 130-ukuvuleka, akwazi ukubetha kumgama ozikilometa ukuya ku-22. Ukuze alwe lweenqanawa ezintywilayo utshaba yenyukliya Cruiser enzima "Pet Veliky" lixhotyiswe izindululi ezilishumi "Ingxangxasi" kunye elinesibini ezine imijukujelwa anti-itanki ekhokelwa RSL-40, kwaye ubancede bafumane Ka-27 - ezimbini kubo. Kwaye loo nto bonke.

Ngokubanzi, oluninzi izixhobo. Nomlilo ukuzithethelela kwaye ekhubekisayo kukho kuninzi ukuze ugcine.

Phantom of the yee-?

Noko ke, konke oku akuthethi ukuba Tarka "Pet Veliky" kungenziwa ngokuba Cruiser yayingenakuzika ogqibeleleyo apho notshaba namandla. izixhobo ezinjalo nje akunjalo, ingakumbi ekubeni umkhombe lwenzelwe ixesha elide, phantse amathathu eminyaka eyadlulayo. Ngeli xesha, ingqiqo imikhumbi emkhosini itshintshiwe, yibani silhouettes ezahlukeneyo iinqanawa, wabonakala ulwandle womphandle engaqhelekanga "banyebeleza" zinyamalale eriyali aluka ezintsonkothileyo iifom lula, imigca, imisele ukuba eyaphukileyo. Ezinye iingcali entsimini ngezikhali "Pet Veliky" (Cruiser enzima enomjukujelwa yenyukliya Project 1144) Kubonakala ukuba abe ghost ixesha lwakudala lwe ngeminyaka yee-. Sele unalo resonant gratings, radar kanye eriyali yonxibelelwano iqashiso. Kwaye unike umzekelo iingcali ezifana kwi-US, "Orli Berk" - umbhuqi, wakha nazo zonke iimfuno zale mihla inkxaso lahlukile kunye nolwazi.

US angi

Ewe, umonakalisi US iyabamangalisa yayo jonga ultra-mihla. Yinto nje irobhothi-sombane we oluthile, akukho iindawo elibukhali, inkqubo yekhompyutha unika (ngokutsho ntlanu) ukubhaqwa kunye nezigqibo ngokukhawuleza kakhulu zokusebenza. Kukho inkxalabo mayela noko niya kuba nako ukusebenza Cruiser zenyukliya "Pet Veliky" nxamnye "yiAegis" inkqubo, nto leyo lixhotyiswe uhlobo abonakalisi "Orli Berk" ngempumelelo ngayo.

Kodwa asingabo bonke ibuhlungu kangaka. Into yokuba iinqanawa American yakutshanje badalwa ngokusekelwe siseko ezimbini eziphambili: sekwandiseni ekudibaniseni iinkqubo zolawulo ukunciphisa iindleko.

"YiAegis" inkqubo

station Radar AN / hlola-1, imiselwe ku "Orli Berk" njengoko eriyali usebenzisa ezine uluhlu ngezigaba, fixedly eqhotyoshelwe kule superstructure. yonke le nkqubo ivaliwe kwiziko machining enye, leyo, Kakade ke, kuneengenelo ezithile nomba sifo ingxolo, kodwa linciphise uluhlu imigama ye ucupho kunye umkhondo iithagethi. Ingakumbi, le engxakini kubonakala Uhlasela vangama kuyimfuneko supersonic imijukujelwa anti-nqanawa esezantsi-enamaphiko, nto leyo iba "Pet Veliky". Nuclear Cruiser Bulelani kubungakanani bayo ziyakwazi ukuthwala abantu abaninzi yezixhobo, kunye eriyali yayo, liphezulu, ukunika yokulumkisa kwangethuba izinto ezifihlakeleyo enje ezifana iinqanawa ngezigaba "Orli Berk" (ezingabonakaliyo ukubiza ayikakwazi).

Malunga ne-eriyali "Petra Velikogo"

Ewe, oluninzi izitya, kwaye oko kungenxa yokuba kangaka mazibonakale gca screens radar, "Pet Veliky". Cruiser Nuclear lixhotyiswe kunye nezikhululo radar ezintathu, nganye uzalisekisa inxalenye yalo msebenzi. "Sunrise" (MP-600), zigxunyekwe foremast, nokwenza isishwankathelo umsebenzi. Ngezantsi, emqolombeni, ibekwe Radar "Iifrigate M 2 '(MP-750), oko kugqiba ekujoliswe ezintathu lulawula. Ngomhla foremast ebekwe eriyali "mistimed" (MP-350), ukuba uyakwazi ukubona iithagethi ephantsi-flying - oku element ukuba ukusilela kwitsheyini ecacileyo yokuzikhusela "yiAegis" inkqubo anti-American. "Ukuqubisana" usebenza-isilungelelanisi ezimbini inkqubo, kwaye izinga eliphezulu scan ezidityaniswe imo yekona ukuphakama encinane ukunika ukusebenza oyifunayo. Ngaloo ndlela, nangona ukubonakala kwaso, Tarka "Pet Veliky" elinawo onke amathuba ukubetha inqanawe phi na namhlanje ibe lutshaba, hit zonke kuye indlu yakhe etyebileyo. kokuba phambili, kwaye ke ngoko, ukuhlaselwa ukumangala akuthethi ezisongela okuva yotshaba. Flip imijukujelwa ngayo kwakhona kakhulu nako ukukwenza oku, has konke oyifunayo.

amathuba

Imbali uyazi imizekelo emininzi xa iinqanawa ezo kwi Navy iminyaka engamashumi amaninzi. umzimba ezenziwe zaqina, ukuqhuba elungileyo kunye namakhono elawula kunye nokususwa enkulu zinika isiseko yotshintsho enqanaweni kunye nokuqhuba ngalo ngokuhambelana neemfuno mzuzu. Kukho zonke ebonisa ukuba Cruiser zenyukliya-enikwe "Pet Veliky", iimpawu zobugcisa leyo ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuthiwa obalaseleyo, uya esebenza ixesha elide. Uye akukho analogue nokuba ezinye iinqanawa efanayo ngesityalo ngamandla enyukliya, ezifana "VA" okanye "Long Beach", zincinane kakhulu nowaye yethu ka-Northern Fleet e ukubana, yaye ngenxa yoko ke amandla zibe zezala maxesha. Ufana yedwa kwaye nenkqubo yayo isimiso, kuquka ezimbini nkqi neutron reactor ngokwemfundo kwanancedisayo boilers, ukwandisa umthamo megawatts 300.

Ngokubalulekileyo, kwaba ummangaliso ishishini imikhumbi yasekhaya ngumdali igama Russian Navy, yena wawuqalayo lo msebenzi olungileyo ukwakha isikhephe elingene elincinane.

Mhlawumbi kuya kuba amashumi eminyaka ngaphambi kwexesha, xa luthe lwancothulwa ukusuka Navy kwezixhobo enomjukujelwa yenyukliya Cruiser "Pet Veliky", eliza kuza indawo iinqanawa entsha yeminyaka yesithathu.