Kwisakhiwo somthi: scheme. Iimpawu ze isakhiwo sangaphandle komthi

Imithi eziphilayo ezintsonkothileyo ezisebenzisa amandla elanga, ebambe umva kwamaqondo obushushu kunye kunceda ukuba wonge imali eziphilayo. Isakhiwo sangaphandle umthi iquka iindawo zingundoqo zilandelayo, ezifana amagqabi, iintyatyambo kunye neziqhamo, isiqu, amasebe kunye neengcambu.

Iimpawu ze isakhiwo sangaphandle yehlathi: Krona

Crohn equka amagqabi kunye namasebe kwi nakumphezulu umthi, kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhluza uthuli kunye nezinye amasuntswana emoyeni. Kwakhona inceda ukwehlisa umoya, ukubonelela umthunzi nokunciphisa impembelelo emvula phezu komhlaba. Amagqabi banoxanduva amandla umthi yonke.

Bathi ziqulathe yiklorofili, nto leyo ekhuthaza photosynthesis kunye nemibala kubo eluhlaza. Amagqabi zisetyenziselwa sokujika amandla elanga le carbon dioxide kunye namanzi ukusuka emoyeni ukuya glucose neoksijini. Iswekile, nto leyo imithi ukutya, isetyenziswe okanye zigcinwe emasebeni, komboko kunye neengcambu. Le mpilo engeyivulelekile yaya kwi-atmosfera. imithi eza iimilo kunye neesayizi ezininzi.

Umzimba namasebe

Isiqu kunye namasebe, kwakunye uqweqwe overlying luqulathe iintlobo ezininzi iiseli ukuba enze imisebenzi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Abanye bakhonza ukunika amandla kunye nozinzo, ngoxa abanye bekwi nokuthuthwa kulwelo, ezinye unoxanduva ukugcina starch kunye nezinye izondlo.

kuqweqwe

Ubume mthi ithetha into enjalo kubalulekile, njengoko amaxolo. Le ibandakanya ikakhulu kwiindawo ezimbini:

1. Amaxolo yangaphakathi (phloem) ngenkuthalo inxaxheba kubomi komthi. zaso tubular benza uhlobo yamanzi aphilileyo, apho izondlo unyityilikiswa emanzini zisiwe kwezinye iindawo umthi amagqabi emithi, apho iveliswa iphotosynthesis.
2. Eqweqweni engaphandle wenziwe becala ziiseli ezifileyo. Igqumeke kunye neentanda. Yinto uhlobo zongcoliseko nxamnye izinambuzane, izilwanyana, ingqele, ubushushu kunye neminye imiba yangaphandle.

ukukhula umthi

Ubume umthi ibandakanya ubukho kwiindawo ezintathu tissues, okt, iiseli ukuba walhule ngokufanayo. Ababini kubo afumaneka kwi iingcambu kunye amathupha, iincam amasebe, nto leyo evumela umthi ukuba ukhule ubude. Ummandla wesithathu ibekwe phakathi amaxolo kunye neenkuni, ibizwa ngokuba cambium nemithambo. iiseli bakhe ngokwahlula zombini ngaphakathi nangaphandle, oko kukuthi, kuwo onke amacala. Ngenxa yoko, phakathi iifomu ekhoyo i ixolo omtsha ngaphakathi. Cambium yenye yeemeko ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ekukhuleni imithi, kunye recovery kunye konzakale nokhuseleko ngokuchasene rot zabo.

Le iingcambu

Iimpawu zomzimba yoVandlakanyo kwisakhiwo somthi zibandakanya ukungabikho undoqo kwi kwinkqubo iingcambu, isixa elingakumbi parenchyma, okanye ekuthiwa-ezikwiiseli eziphilayo. Xa iingcambu kunye inani elincinane imicu incinane komboko kunye namasebe, inani amakhonkco yokukhula. isakhiwo komhlaba komthi (inkqubo ingcambu) kubaluleke kakhulu ezisebenzayo. Roots ukuba aguqulelwe nokufunxwa kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi kunye neeminerali kwiimeko ekukhanyeni low. Bafuna kwakhona ioksijini, nokuya balinikwe ukusuka isithuba ezincinane phakathi kweengqakumbana zomhlaba.

Omnye umsebenzi obalulekileyo inkqubo njengengcambu ukugcina izityalo tye. Yonke imithi kweengcambu osecaleni ukuba isebe zibe ncinane, kwaye bayathanda ukuba elongate kwi tyaba. Eminye imithi babe taproot efikelela iimitha-7. ingcambu nganye ehlanganiswa amawaka iinwele, evumela ukuba ukufunxa ngokulula ngamanzi kunye neetyuwa ichithwe ukusuka emhlabeni. Uninzi inkqubo iingcambu ise umaleko womhlaba eliphezulu.

core

Xa inkqubo yokukhula iiseli ezindala xylem embindini umthi ube luyeke ukusebenza uze ungenzi nto, yaye ekugqibeleni wafa, ekusekeni umsesane ezaliswe glucose, idayi, neoli, ngoko undoqo idla imnyama ngakumbi ngabanye umphanda. Owona msebenzi walo ukuxhasa umthi. Xylem Wenziwe ziimaleko oselula iinkuni, nto leyo abathuthwayo amanzi kunye nezondlo kweengcambu amagqabi kunye nezinye iinxalenye omthi. Cambium - umaleko obhityileyo kwithishyu, nkqubo leyo uvelisa yokukhula olutsha iiseli ukuba mhlawumbi xylem okanye phloem. Ngamanye amazwi, le nto kwandisa buti kunye namasebe ubukhulu.

iziqwenga iinkuni abantwana

Ubume umthi abantwana kungcono wachaza besebenzisa izixhobo ezibonwayo. Ukuba balazi abantwana uhlobo oluthile zohlaza kunokunceda iindidi imifanekiso, umbala, umzekelo. Uyakwazi ukusebenzisa umsebenzi imithambo logic kwi ukwenziwa imifanekiso njalo-njalo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ungayibaxi kwaye musa ukuyilayisha umntwana iinkcukacha ezingeyomfuneko. Kulungile ukuqala nge umfanekiso omnye, yaye ngokuthe ngcembe wongeza ezinye nzima imizobo, eneenkcukacha ngakumbi. Kufuneka ukuba ukubethelela wafunda ngendlela enika umdla, esebenzisa iiphazili, imibongo namabali umdla. Xa uchaza isakhiwo amatakane iinkuni, uyilo and definition kufuneka kube lula noluqondakalayo. Umzekelo, ingcambu - inxalenye umthi, kuhleliyo phantsi komhlaba. Isiqu ixhasa isithsaba kunye namasebe, apho kukhula emagqabini. Amaxolo likhusela umthi nxamnye ubushushu, ingqele, ilahleko ukufuma umonakalo njalo njalo.
Imithi ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yehlabathi lethu. Bona zinika iinkuni zokwakha Intlama nePhepha yokwenza. Bona izilwanyana zonke iintlobo izinambuzane, iintaka nezinye izilwanyana. iintlobo ezininzi iziqhamo kunye namandongomani akhule ngayo imithi, kuquka-apile, orenji, walnuts, amapere kunye yeepesika. Nkqu incindi umthi kuluncedo kwaye lisebenza ukutya izinambuzane kwaye kuphela. Imithi kwakhona zinceda ukugcina umoya ococekileyo kunye zendalo - esempilweni. Thina uphefumlela ngaphakathi mpilo kunye nokukhupha carbon dioxide. Imithi kwakhona icarbon dioxide kunye ukukhululwa oksijini. ubambiswano liphelele! Ubume mthi (photo thaca kweli nqaku) kubandakanya inani elithile amacandelo, nganye idlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi yonke isityalo.