Mont Blanc - iziko kubakhenkethi Alps neNtshona yeYurophu

Mont Blanc kwimephu yaseYurophu ilungile ekumda eFransi Italy. Sakhiwe ngaphakathi Itonela ubude neekhilomitha ezilishumi elinanye enesiqingatha. Ngenxa wazithwala umyalezo phakathi kwamazwe amabini. Phezulu yinxalenye Alps Koloni yaye ithandwa kakhulu phakathi kubakhenkethi. Oku ngakumbi abaqubhi okwenyaniso, nto leyo wakha iiholide - Chamonix. Xa inguqulelo lokoqobo ukusuka igama French of "Mont Blanc" lithetha "intaba white".

zobukhulu

Ukuphakama Mont Blanc ulingana leemitha 4810. Ibanga malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-50 ubude kunye 30 - ububanzi. ummandla ogcweleyo yeyona kancinane ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini ezikwere zeekhilomitha. Eponymous zintaba, equka kwincopho, kuthatha indawo enokuthelekiseka ubukhulu ukuya kwisiqingatha Luxembourg.

indawo

Lo mbuzo apho Mont Blanc, kwaye kanye ngakumbi kwintsimi karhulumente, kwakunzima impikiswano ixesha elide. Ukuqalisa ukususela 1723 de Napoleonic Iimfazwe eYurophu, ummandla wayo uphela lajongwa iyimpahla zobukumkani ESardinia. Matshi 24, 1860 kwisixeko Italian eTurin watyikitywa mthetho, ngokuvumelana apho kwincam phezu umda phakathi Italy ne-France. Olu xwebhu kunye namhlanje ithathwa njengokuba oorhulumente bamazwe omabini. Zika ka Mont Blanc - kube degrees 45 nemizuzu engama-50 ngama emantla nezifundo 6 kwimizuzu 51 nezide ngasempumalanga. Kungenxa kule ndawo ngoku, wegqitha umda karhulumente phakathi kwamazwe amabini. Ngoku uninzi ntaba kubekwe kummandla kwidolophu French ka-Saint-Gervais-les-Bains.

Conquest of phezulu

Inkumbulo yokuqala yembali ukunyuka ukuya phezulu ka-Agasti 8, 1786. Emva koko yoyiswa Michel Gabriel Packard. Umhambi wenza ukunyuka ngokubambisana kunye nomncedisi uJacques Balmat. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe kanjalo ukuba esi kwakhokelwa iinzame eziliqela akuphumelelanga. Ngokumalunga ibhinqa lokuqala, waphumelela "intaba emhlophe", ukuba July 14, 1808 wayengasebenzi Paradis. An into umdla kukuba iye yenziwa nomkhankaso yakhe ziyafana zonke, uJacques Balmat, owathi kamva inxaxheba kuloo matutu eziliqela efanayo. Loo umsebenzi wakhe yanikezelwa nguKumkani Viktorom Amedeem wesithathu. Ngoku Chamonix Ude ilitye lesikhumbuzo ukuya Jacques Balmat.

Ukunyuka intaba ne entabeni ukukhwela

Okwangoku, i Mont Blanc lelinye lamaziko eziphambili yaseYurophu ukhenketho kunye iintaba. Xa inani lotyelelo yonyaka zonke izibonelelo imvelaphi yendalo lelona elikhulu yesithathu ehlabathini. Uninzi climbers zobungcali engahlawulwayo dream ukunyukela kule incopho. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla apha, ke imi kumazantsi odumileyo French Ski of Chamonix. Kwelinye icala lo nogxa wakhe Italian - Courmayeur. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uqaphele into yokuba umdla ngokuqhubeka kule ndawo, ngaphandle abalandeli imidlalo eyingozi, zibonise iinzululwazi zibanga iindidi iinkalo zezinto ezenziwa. Ngokomzekelo, omnye lunempumelelo enkulu amazwe yazo ithathwa ukuba zidumbu ka prehistory zabantu, nto leyo eyenzeka ngo-1991. Ngokutsho iingxelo labaphandi, babelala phantsi umaleko ikhephu ngumkhenkce malunga namawaka amahlanu eminyaka.

Enyukayo Mont Blanc

Mont Blanc, apho kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo ubuhle, itsala kakhulu abakhenkethi abaninzi. Noko ke, akulula kangako ukoyisa. Ukuba umntu ufuna ekhwela encotsheni, yena kufuneka ilungiswe kakuhle emzimbeni. Ngaphezu koko, awufuni ukwenza wena - apha bafuna inkxaso kunye uncedo climbers lobungcali. Naxa kunjalo, le ukoyisa kuya kuthatha malunga ezilishumi iiyure ngexesha. Abakhokeli babatyeleli abaninzi bacebisa phezulu apha ubuncinane ukuze aye phantsi nasemkhenkceni, ukuthetha njengaye ebomini.

Aiguille du Midi

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba Mont Blanc yindawo enomtsalane kakhulu kwaye sithi ndijonge, enyuka ke asikwazi bonke; ngokuba wonke umntu izakhono iintaba. Le mbono emangalisa inikeza incopho Aiguille du Midi, nto leyo ibekwe intliziyo massif. Kwakhona lixhotyiswe kunye neqonga okhethekileyo ukubukela. Noko ke, isibakala ukufumana apha back phantsi, ingathatha ukuya kwiiyure ezintlanu ngexesha.

Yonke indlela iqala ezisuka embindini Chamonix, apho sibekwe isikhululo imoto intambo. imizuzu engamashumi amabini kude ngemoto intambo apha liya kuba stop yokuqala. Le ndawo imi ezinobude kweemitha 2317. Ivela apha kuya kuqalisa phantse yonke ukucaca zobuntlola. Icandelo elilandelayo caca ngentambo emibi ehlabathini. Lisendaweni kweemitha 3842 yakhiwa iqonga ukubukela, leyo igama elifanayo. Kukho intle, kucetyiswa ukuba pre-ukufaka abangenazimpahla zifudumeleyo. Lo ulandelayo ukuba bafudukele kwincopho elingummelwane ngapha ibhulorho, zindanda phakathi amawa amabini, aze avuke ngomhla ilifti kweemitha 42.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba imoto cable isebenza kuwo phantse unyaka wonke. Le Okungumahluko ixesha ukususela ekuqaleni kuNovemba ukuya kutsho kuDisemba. Ukongeza, ivalwe ngo imimoya kunye nezinye iimeko ezinzima zemozulu.

Kwitonela phantsi Mont Blanc

Ngowe-1814, uKumkani ESardinia wafumana isicelo yokuqala ukwakhiwa kwetonela ngaphakathi entabeni. Nakuba kunjalo, ukwakhiwa iqale ngo-1959, kwaqhubeka iminyaka esibhozo. Ubude lilonke Itonela ulingana leekhilomitha 11.6. Enye inxalenye yalo kubekwe kummandla French (kwintaba ephakame yeemitha 1274), kunye nezinye - phezu Italian (kwintaba ephakame yeemitha 1381). March 24, 1999 kwakukho intlekele enkulu - ngaphakathi lori wabamba umlilo, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni umlilo omkhulu. Iqondo lobushushu zafikelela ziliwaka degrees, ngoko abaninzi zimoto berhaxwa ukunyibilikiswa lokoqobo yeli gama. Phakathi kwabafileyo kwakukho abantu 39. Ukongeza apho ubunzima ngaphezu mathathu. Emva kophando ukuba eyaqhubeka malunga nonyaka, yento phantsi ngokutsha.

Ngoku ke sicatshulwa ngalaa msele, nto leyo eqonda Mont Blanc, ihlawulwa kunye neendleko malunga euro mane. Njengoko ngendlela isetyenziselwe, hayi zonke, wakhetha ndingongaphezulu ngokuhamba zabo yafakwa. Ubude i "hook" kule meko kuthetha ayi-130.

kabuhlungu igama

Ukususela kule peak kunxulumene manani zingambi kakhulu, nto leyo edla inqanda kubakhenkethi ezininzi mountaineers. Inyaniso yokuba ubekwa kwindawo yokuqala kwihlabathi ngokwezalathi ezifana lethality. Ngokutsho inkcazelo evela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo xa uzama ukoyisa entabeni kumathambeka wababulala abantu amawaka aliqela. Kwi-akhawunti nayiphi na iincopho ehlabathini kukho abantu abaninzi kangaka. Ngokutsho manani ezisemthethweni, iminyaka yonke loo nto abuyele ebantwini ezilishumi ukuya kwikhulu.

Ukongeza, kabini kwimbali Mont Blanc yaba unobangela ekuweni-moya. Le nto yenzeka okokuqala ngo-1950. Emva koko ke umqhubi i airliner ngoweqela inkampani Indian ayiphumelelanga ukubala ngokuchanekileyo indlela for kokufika eGeneva moya, kunye result ukuba le nqwelo-moya hit kwamathambeka kwintaba ephakame malunga 4600 eemitha. Isiphumo ntlekele ukufa kwabantu 48. Enye ngozi yenzeke ngo-1966. Imeko iyaphindwa ngokwayo ngeendlela ezininzi: zonke ababe- inkampani enye evela India ingqubekile malunga kwindawo enye. Ngeli xesha, bantu 117 babulawa, kubo apho abakhweli kunye namalungu nqanawa.