Le nkqubo inikeza: umzekelo. Le nkqubo inikeza intetho ngqo

Scheme inika ulwimi Russian kuyimfuneko ukuchaza ingxelo zokuloba. Kwakhona sele kuhlalutyo zeyunithi syntactic, ingakumbi ukuba kukho isivakalisi esimbaxa. intetho ngqo kunzima phantse yonke schoolchild. Ukuba eqongeni kophononongo kwesi sihloko ukuze bafunde ukuba njani ingcaciso efanelekileyo oluntanganye - akukho iingxaki iziphumlisi. Makhe sihlolisise oko isindululo yemizobo umzekelo olula ingqalelo zonke iintlobo ezintsonkothileyo, kunye iiyunithi kunye ngentetho ethe ngqo. Oku kuya kunceda nzulu kulo mba.

Yintoni idityanisiwe kwisikimu esindululweyo

Okokuqala siya siqonde ukuba eli cebo inikeza, yaye kutheni kufuneka khona. Abaninzi bathi le nto imposiso ibe yiyo katitshala ongenayo nayiphi na intsingiselo. Oku akunjalo. A uphawu idlela kakuhle graphic kuya kunceda buhlolwe ngokubanzi leeyunithi syntactic.

Yintoni kufuneka zicaciswe ekulungiseleleni scheme?

1. qho Isimaphambili. amagama inqununu kufuneka icaciswe ukuze angqine ukuba ngokwenene sinikele (emva zonke, njengako balo msebenzi kulahlula ibinzana), kakuhle echazwe kwezivakalisi intloko nesivisa ukunceda ujonge kwicandelo elinye-sifuba okanye inxalenye ezimbini.
2. Ukuba isindululo sinzima, iimanyano yabonisa kokuxhuma inxaxheba. Ezi izinto ziphawulwe ukuba zisetyenziswa kunye namalungu eyohlobo olulodwa.
3. Scheme ezidluliswa nzima izinto anokuqulatha ngolwimi Russian. La macandelo alandelayo ukuhlalutya labo.

Kubalulekile kwakhona ukuba sikhankanye ukuba linikeza ukubonisa graphic abakwamkelayo zifakwe kwindawo yegama. Kubo bonke isivakalisi esinye. kwizibiyeli ezisisikwere ngokwenene izivakalisi ezilula kwaye ziyafana kubume kunye conjunctionless slozhnosochinennogo. Xa kufikwa kuyilo syntax esimbaxa, inxalenye eyintloko yayo livalelwe kwizibiyeli ezisisikwere kunye paranasal - kumjikelo.

Isiphakamiso elukhuni

Njengoko kuchaziwe ngentla, inikeza isekethi elula inokuquka nzima izinto zawo. Apha ke, unike imizekelo.

1. amagama eyohlobo olulodwa. Bona kwisikimu ke zilandelayo. Ngapha koko, oku kungenziwa ngokubanzi ilizwi kunye ilungu eyohlobo olulodwa. It luchazwa yileta "o" livalelwe kwisangqa.
2. definition nowakwakho (inxaxheba rpm): "Izityalo ezifuna unonophelo lokonga, kuyimfuneko ukuba zinike abafundi kwiholide." Isindululo ke ukubandakanyeka ingeniso esiza emva igama elithi "izityalo". Ngako oko, kufuneka ziboniswe kule nkqubo, kwakunye njengenxenye yesigwebo apho. [X, | PO |, =]. Alinako kuphela inxaxheba kwimizabalazo yeenguqu, njengoko iinkcazelo engangqinelaniyo ekuvunyelwene, abangatshatanga kunye eqhelekileyo. Njengoko ngokunjalo izicelo.
3. iimeko akhethekileyo awodwa (oluchaza isivakalisi, amabinzana ebelidlula ngomlomo, ento single): "benze umsebenzi wasekhaya, uMariya wahlala phantsi ukufunda incwadi oyithandayo." Esi siphakamiso ukwenzeka ingeniso participial ukuba kufuneka kwisekethe. [| UP |, - =]. Nanku umzekelo, yaye kukho imali nokusulungekiswa. "Kwenye indlu lizwe, endaweni efihlakeleyo epholileyo, igcinwe emnandi pickles makhulu." Cacisa iimeko ndawo umi ngaphandle iikhoma kunye ukuphawulwa mzobo. [X, | PP |, = -].
4. Amazwi okuvula kunye ejikelezayo. Ezi zinto syntactic ezabelwe ikoma, kufuneka nabo ukwenza scheme. Nantsi eminye imizekelo. "Sergei, undirhabulise amanzi asele." Unyango "Sergei" iboniswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: [O =]. Kwakhona namazwi okuqala: "Kakade ke, abazange baphulaphule abazali babo." Bonisa igama intshayelelo "Kakade" ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: [-, VV.SL =].

Isivakalisi esilula

elula lokuguqula scheme isigwebo iza kucaca kunye umzekelo. We abhale ngayo aze anike inkcazo epheleleyo iiyunithi syntactic. "Siye uyaqhwalela wasondela endlwini ezigxokogxoko, kufihla ugcwele ngobunono."

Kuqala ke kufuneka limisele isiseko lwegrama, kuxhomekeke kwindlela iimpawu kunye neziphakamiso beesekethe. Umzekelo - elula part-ezimbini isindululo ukuya isiseko, "size thina." Yenza lesiseko kwisekethe.

Okulandelayo, kufuneka ubone ukuba unit syntactic inzima. Bubukho iziphumlisi ongenaxhala ndithi - ewe. Kukho gerund enye separate "isiqhwala" kwaye wabandakanyeka yokurhweba "hide phakathi ugcwele ngobunono." Ezi zinto ke kubonakaliswe nkqubo.

[-, | D |, = X, | PO |]. Nantsi umzobo inikeza umzekelo apho siye sikunike ekuqaleni kweli candelo. Nakuba kunjalo, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba wenziwe esikolweni ilungile, kodwa abanye ootitshala bangenza neemfuno zabo. Ngokomzekelo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngokufanayo, faka zonke iindawo yesibini yesivakalisi. ngoko Scheme uyakhula lube enkulu. Nangona ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko kwi uphando kumabakala okuqala syntax.

isigwebo compound

Ngoku hlolisisa ukuba ngokwegrafu ukuboniswa, izivakalisi ezimbaxa. Ubunzima kuphela ekulungiseleleni amacebo - ukumisela imida ungamalungu ezilula. Ukongeza, kufuneka bazazi umahluko phakathi slozhnosochinennogo kunye nezintsonkothileyo, ngokuba amacebo ngokupheleleyo ezahlukeneyo. Okokuqala, hlolisisa uhlobo lokuqala. Thina uchaze iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zezikim:

• Alinganayo isigwebo compound, ngokulandelelana, kokuba kuboniswe kwizibiyeli ezisisikwere.
• I-Union asiyiyo inxalenye izivakalisi ezilula yabhalwa slozhnosochinennogo ngoko abawathabathayo kwizibiyeli.
• Iimpawu yelungu ngalinye elula.

Makhe sihlolisise oko scheme olucetywayo. Umzekelo oku: "Le mvula yaphela, yaye esibhakabhakeni, elibomvu reyi neyarkimi, ilanga netswinayo ngaphandle, ephethe ithemba ngemini elungileyo."

Okokuqala, makhe kubonisa ukuba lo isivakalisi esimbaxa. Inxalenye yokuqala inezizathu Isimaphambili le "imvula phezu"; yesibini - "ilanga netswinayo." Phakathi kwezona ezixabisa odibanisa igama elithi "kunye" coordinative. Kulo mzekelo, edlulisela ixabiso ukulandelelana kweziganeko. Inxalenye yokuqala, nangona eqhelekileyo, akukho esintsonkothileyo. Eyesibini turnovers zinzima kwaye bazibandakanye participial. Baya kungeniswa kumphathi wesekethe. [- =] kwaye [..., | NGABA |, = -, | PO |]. Makhe senze ingcaciso: kuyimfuneko oko ekuqaleni inxalenye yesibini ukubeka amachaphaza njengoko ingeniso participial ephakathi (phambi kwakhe iindawo imeko "esibhakabhakeni").

isivakalisi esimbaxa

isivakalisi esimbaxa unalo icebo elahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo, oko iyahluka kule ilandelayo:

1. Kukho ukwahlukana kwindawo engundoqo kunye ayamileyo, nevuthisayo ingafumaneka ngazo naziphi na indawo kwaye aphuke ekhaya.
2. I-Union ulilungu kwisivakalisi esilula (wangena kwi parenthesis).
3. Unxibelelwano phakathi kwezahlulo kunokuba ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ukongeza wesekethe tye wambi yabhalwa nkqo.

Makhe siqwalasele imizekelo ezithile: "A kwemizuzu embalwa kamva wanyamalala zonke izindlu, kutshanje apho de kwabonakala kwizindlu kwamnandi, simi engcotyeni eluhlaza."

Inxalenye ephambili owayamileyo eyahlula iinkalo ezimbini: okokuqala, oko ucelwa umntu ophantsi, okwesibini, oko ayiqulathanga yinxalenye womanyano. Ngako oko, le yokuqala isivakalisi elula na. Thina, Somrhaqa oko kwizibiyeli ezisikwere. Isindululo yesibini - igatya: iquka manyano (kule meko umbutho igama). Kwakhona, oko kuyo ukuba ukubuza imibuzo kwindawo engundoqo ye elithi "njengephempe kutshanje (yintoni?) Ngaba wabonakala ...". inxalenye Paranasal intsonkothile inxaxheba nokurhweba. Le nkqubo iya kuba: [= -] (leyo = X, | PO |).

Omnye umzekelo: "House, apho saba ezinye ehlotyeni, ibekwe kwindawo entle, engqongwe sehlathi."

Kulo siphakamiso, ubunzima kukuba igatya "waphula" eyona nto ibalulekileyo. Iinxalenye owayamileyo kufuneka kwingxaki - uyabandakanyeka kurhwebo. Le nkqubo iya kuba: [-, (apho - =) = X, | PO |].

intetho ngqo ekupheleni kwezivakalisi

Yintoni scheme ecetyiweyo intetho ngqo? Njengoko iyaziwa, iyunithi syntactic ezinjalo iquka ezintetho inzulu, amazwi umbhali. Kuxhomekeka kwindlela ilahlwe ngokuphathelele omnye komnye, la malungu uya kukhangela scheme. izibiyeli Square kwicandelo unit nganye - ukuba bayalingana.

Isindululo: Wathi, "Masithethe ubuso ngobuso" kuqala kuza amazwi umbhali, uze usithumele. Le nkqubo iza kukhangeleka ngolu hlobo: [A]: "[P.R] 'ngenxa yokuba lo wayo ezosulela ngqo kumntu thina, ekugqibeleni inika umbuzo rhoqo namanqaku sikhuzo, ekufuneka ziboniswe kule tshathi.

Imizekelo: Intombazana wabuza, "Yintoni ixesha na." Qaphela ukuba amazwi umbhali kule meko nzima gerund elinye ihlukane. [-, | D |, =]: «[? PR]".

KaYuri Wakhwaza, "Yihla!". [A]: "[PR]!".

intetho ngqo phakathi kwesivakalisi

Iskim intetho ngqo inika, emi phakathi, iya kuba:

Waya wema phezulu kakhulu wathi: - ke igumbi eyishiya ephilileyo "Andifuni ukuba zithathe inxaxheba kule okuchasene nomthetho!".

[A: "! PR" [] - a].

Qaphela ukuba emva kokuba intetho ngqo amazwi umbhali kufuneka libhalwe ngoonobumba ezincinane.

Kwakhona, ukuba uphawu lombuzo okanye uphawu lokhuzo ingafuneki isiphumlisi emva kwentetho ngqo.

Umzekelo: uMariya funda: "owuphiwe" - waya kungena epasejini. [A: "[PR]" - a].

intetho ngqo kwi ekuqaleni kwesivakalisi

intetho ngqo kunokuqala isivakalisi. Kulo mzekelo, i scheme onjalo:

"Mamela umculo ethambileyo", - watsho umqambi waza waqalisa ukudlala umculo ukuphumla.

"[PR]" - [a].

Ukuba intetho ngqo i izivakalisi exclamatory okanye kunyanzelekile - musa udinga comma:

"Ngaba ndiza kuza?" - lavakala emva kocango. "[PR?]" - [a].

"Siza kuzama kwakhona kwaye kwakhona!" - yandikhuthaza ngumqeqeshi. "[PR!]" - [a].

Ngoku wena uqhelene iintlobo ezisisiseko-NMMU kunye namacebo.