Leitmotifs - kuba iingcamango yombhali ngokusebenzisa bemilo okuqonda womfundi

Le leitmotif kule ncwadi - yeyona ingcinga ephambili, nto leyo umgca obomvu ubaleka ngomsebenzi lonke. Ekuqaleni, ixesha lo mculo, nabagxeki loncwadi, ngaphandle ecinga kabini, waboleka. Igama elithi "leitmotif" livela das Leitmotiv eJamani, yaye ngokoqobo eliguqulelwa ngokuthi 'isizathu omkhulu "okanye" ngumba ophambili ".

Kwaye umculo, kwiincwadi

Xa intwana umculo leitmotif - yeyona uncuthu lwengoma iphambili, umxholo okanye revolution umculo, ezo edlalwe ekwakhiweni. Sinokuthi uninzi iingoma zithathwa njengesiseko uncuthu lwengoma, leyo kwahluka ezahlukeneyo. Le ingoma kuthiwa leitmotif. Intsingiselo "leitmotif" kwi uncwadi uqondakale kwinqanaba enobuchwepheshe, ekubeni igama elithi "injongo" na isigama inxaxheba kwabantu abaninzi. moya beemvakalelo, ingqiqo okanye mxholo uphambili imisebenzi enye okanye ngaphezulu nobuchule umbhali okanye umsebenzi wakhe kwixesha elithile - oko kukuthi leitmotif.

Umculo njengoko engqondo kunye nezimvo

Inkolelo yokuqala "leitmotif" kwi umculo balizisa musicologist kunye pedagogue Friedrich UWilhelm Jensen, kwaye basebenzise ngenkuthalo kumsebenzi wabo oko baqalisa odumileyo umqambi waseJamani uRichard Wagner. Hans von Wolzogen wasebenzisa igama elithi "leitmotif" ngokufuthi ngakumbi, ingakumbi xa wayethetha umsebenzi wombhali Wagner kaThixo. Ekubeni Richard Wagner wabhala opera elide ubhalo ezahlukeneyo kunye nomxholo, ukusetyenziswa esiphambili yaba elwe kuye yaye zendalo, kuba ngaloo ndlela kube lula ukugcina umoya ethile uze ugcine umphulaphuli kwi mood ekunene. Nkqu imfutshane wakhe umculo yenza umphulaphuli yehlise yonke nikela ukuba ukuphulaphula kuphela umculo, kuba mibala ezisetyenziswa yi Wagner, akanako ukumshiya nabani akanankathalo.

Imiphefumlo Lost kunye nokungabikho lethemba

Cacisa amagama boncwadi mihle ngemizekelo ethile, kwaye kule meko ababhali ifanelekileyo ebizwa ngokuba "isizukulwana ezilahlekileyo". Ngoko ke, UErich uMariya Amazwi wabhala ngabantu ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo yaye abafane besebenzisa abalinganiswa ezifanayo eziliqela imisebenzi yakhe, kodwa leitmotif ngayo umsebenzi wakhe lithemba oluntu nokufumana ngokwabo emva umvambo wemfazwe.

efana neyawo okanye twatse ezisetyenziswa iincwadi zakhe, kunye nezinye abameli eli qela ababhali. leitmotifs eziphambili - kukungakwazi ukuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngaphandle elizweni, ukwalela elizayo emva kokuthabatha inxaxheba kwemfazwe, kunye ukungabi ngokupheleleyo, ngokusekelwe kwi ukubhuqa ebomini kunye nokunqongophala nokholo engcono. Enye kakuhle eyaziwa ummeli sizukulwana ezidakileyo ababhali - nto Ernest Hemingway, ogama iincwadi kukho ukuthamba ngakumbi, kodwa ngokubanzi emoyeni kuzo ufana kakhulu lowo isoloko avakalelwa ngayo imisebenzi UErich Remarque.

Pretenduesh - ibe!

Ngokubanzi, i leitmotifs - yinto nje kuphela waphawula ngokucacileyo kule misebenzi, kodwa ezichuliweyo, efihliweyo phakathi kwemigca. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba isimo leitmotif. Ngokomzekelo, singatsho ukuba umsebenzi wakhe ababhali bokuqala postmodern basebenzisa leitmotif zongquzulwano nobuntu kunye ngokwayo, le irrationality yehlabathi kunye nokubaluleka neemvakalelo abanyanisekileyo neemvakalelo. Amaninzi, xa umbhali ekhetha ngendlela ethile apho wayefuna ukwenza, waba baqhelane izihloko eziphambili ezichaphazela oogxa bakhe. Umzekelo, ukuba amalungu naturalism ngesiquphe baqale igophe ukusuka inkcazelo ecacileyo, kwaye ndima- amalungu ngokoqobo - ukuba sixelele indlela batyelela umlinganiswa ophambili engqondweni yabo yasekunene iintsomi, lo umfuziselo liphulo ukuba basiqonde kwaye akavuma inkxaso. Nangona kunjalo, le leitmotifs ekunene - sisiseko kunokuba ukuba abalobi, yaye mida kudala zinxitywa kwiincwadi mihla.

Indlela ukwahlula okulungileyo iincwadi embi?

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba leitmotif, eyadlala phezulu walencwadi imisebenzi omnye okanye ngaphezulu, idala isimbo kunye nesimbo sokubhala. Ukusebenzisa izihloko ezininzi ezikhethiweyo, kwakunye uhlobo yokwakha incoko kunye nokusetyenziswa imifanekiso kunye nezixhobo zesimbo - oku kanye into eyahlula umbhali othile phakathi amakhulu kwabanye. Kukholelwa ukuba umbhali elungileyo Kulula kakhulu ukuba ukwahlula ukusuka laliphakathi nje. Ukuba umbhali inokufumaneka kwimihlathi eziliqela okanye amaphepha, ngoko wakwazi ukwenza eyakho isimbo kunye olwahluke ngesandla sakhe, apho naye wayebathanda abafundi. Xa iincwadi ezithandwayo kunye fiction, into enjalo akukho waphawula phantse zange kuba kujoliswe kukho phezu kwingxelo izibakala kunye nenkcazelo siganeko, kunokuba iimvakalelo neengcinga zabalinganiswa. Ekukholelwa ukuba leitmotifs - iyinto engeyomfuneko ukuba uncwadi ndiyathandwa kuba iincwadi ezo badla funda kwakanye nangoko ulibele.

Iimfundiso zoncwadi kwezincinane

Okumangalisayo kukuba, into efana leitmotif, waphawula nkqu iincwadi zabantwana. Kakade ke, ezininzi iintsomi for kids umxholo kunye ingcinga ephambili eziqulathwe yokuziphatha zokufundisa ezicacileyo eqaqambileyo, kodwa nje ke leitmotif kakuhle kakhulu. Ngu ithoni zamaqhawe yokubhala akusoloko kusenzeka ukuba ukwahlula oko kwezinye neentlobo zoncwadi, kwanokuba imveliso ocande iinkqubo transfer eziliqela. imisebenzi Abantwana ezifana keynotes kufuneka angeniswe njengoko ecacileyo ethile, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ababhali kunye nomnikelo abafundi abaselula ukucinga ngokwabo. Ukuba i "abadala" uncwadi leitmotif lisetyenziswa kunokuba ukuze atyhile injongo yombhali, kuzo iintsomi kunye namabali myalelo wakhe ngokukhethekileyo zibonakala ngokubeka embindini imveliso kunye nokuphuhlisa ibali elisekelwe phezu kwayo.