Leliphi ilizwe - kuzalwa wechess?

Chess yasungulwa emakhulwini ezininzi ezadlulayo, kwaye nangoku akwaziwa ngqo ceba kubo. Ngenxa yokuncitshiswa ingenzeka kwalo mdlalo uye wafumana ezininzi yeentsomi namabali.

Leliphi ilizwe yindawo ekuzalelwe kuyo amaqhawe wechess? Ngokutsho legend, umdlalo imvelaphi yayo e-Indiya.

History of chess

India - kuzalwa wechess. Kukholelwa ukuba Wabonakala AD ngenkulungwane yokuqala. chess kamva abangeniswe iindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi, yaye zonke uhlanga wongezelela okukokwakhe; ukutshintsha igama umdlalo, imilo amanani, kodwa imigaqo kuhlala ezifanayo - checkmate.

mbali chess uqinisekile ukuba umdlalo akayi kuza umntu abe mnye othile, yaye iqela elikhulu labantu ezahlukeneyo, ukuncedisana nokuguqula ibe lixesha eyahlukileyo. Izimvo bayavuma kuphela ngenqaku elinye: India - ilizwe kuzalwa wechess.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye mbali Chinese, abangakholwayo ukuba kwaba imvelaphi Indian ichess ngokupheleleyo. Baya befuna ubungqina ukuxhasa ukuba umdlalo weza evela eTshayina.

Yintoni na ke khona wechess? Ubungqina okuchitha imvelaphi Indian umdlalo, hayi, kodwa ukukhankanywa wokuqala kuyo kwiincwadi Chinese ibhekisela kuphela AD 8. Oku kungqina kuphela ukuba khona wechess - India.

Amavo ngemvelaphi ichess umdla kakhulu kwaye engaqhelekanga, khangela ezinye zazo.

Yesikhumba nabafowethu Talhand

Inkcazelo welivo ezifumaneka imbongi wamaPersi Ferdowsi, owabhala lo amaqhawe malunga newaka leminyaka eyadlulayo.

Xa ubukumkani enye Indian waphila yinkosikazi, kunye noonyana bakhe ababini kunye newele eziqondileyo Talhand. Lifikile ixesha labo lokulawula, kodwa umama wakhe ukuba sikhethe ukubeka kukumkani njengoko ndinithandileyo oonyana yedwa. Ke abathetheli bagqiba ekubeni amalungiselelo umlo ngubani ogqiba kwaye uba umlawuli. Battlefield okhethwe ulwandle engqongwe nomjelo wayo. Ukudala iimeko ezinjalo kangangokuba kwafuneka ndawo baleka.

Imeko kwitumente zange ukuba ukubulala omnye komnye, kwaye umkhosi yotshaba. Le mpi yaqala, zize ukufa Talhand.

Emva kokufunda ngokufa, unyana wakhe, ukumkanikazi yawela lithemba. Gava wafika yena wasola ngokubulala umntakwabo. Noko ke, yena wathi akazange ukwenzakalisa umzalwana wakhe, naye bafa komzimba.

Ukumkanikazi wacela ukuchaza ngokweenkcukacha indlela kwenzeka umlo. Naselusingeni lokuluka, ndawonye abantu layo bakhe wagqiba lokuphinda edabini. Ukuze wenze oku, uthabathe ibhodi, ziphawulwe ehokweni waza wabeka imifanekiso zakhe ebonisa izilwi. aphikisanayo obekwe kwi ngapha nangapha waza wasibeka imikrozo elihamba, owamahashe, elihamba kwakhona. Kumqolo ophakathi embindini Kumi umthetheli, elandelayo - ukuhlangula ngokuthi wakhe oyintloko, elandelwa amanani amabini eendlovu, neenkamela, namahashe, neentaka Rukh. Ukuhambisa manani ezahlukeneyo, inkosana wabonisa unina indlela idabi kwenzeka.

Ngoko ke, kucacile ukuba mandulo chess waba 100 iiseli, isenze phezu lwema kwimigca ezintathu.

Ilivo idumileyo malunga wechess neenkozo

Le ilejendi isixelela indlela owavela kumdlalo wechess Brahmin ngobuqili ukumkani.

Ngenye imini a Brahmin, ohlala e-India wasungula ichess yaye wabonisa indlela yokudlala ukuba kukumkani kubalawuli, yena omthanda kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko ukumkani wagqiba ukuzalisekisa yakhe yonke inkanuko. Emva koko ke Brahmin wacela ingqolowa, kunye wathi, abaninzi musa ukubuza. Kuyimfuneko kuphela ukuba iseli kuqala ukubeka ingqolowa omnye, ababini ngomhla wesibini, ezine ngomhla wesithathu, eyesine ezisibhozo kwiseli nganye elandelayo kabini inani beenkozo yeseli odlulileyo.

Ukumkani wavuma, kodwa xa waqalisa ukuzalisekisa isithembiso, ingqolowa yobukumkani bakhe, yaye ngaphambi kokuphela ibhodi kwakusekho ezininzi iiseli. Ngaloo ndlela ukumthethisa bakhohlisa ngukumkani.

chaturanga umdlalo

Njengoko kuzalwa chess - India, ongukhokho wazo game chess mihla kugqalwa chaturanga umdlalo. Igama ibhekisa ubukho namacandelo amane: elihamba, owamahashe, iindlovu, iinqwelo. Umdlalo kufuneka ube ezine. IBhodi equka izikwere 64, uwahlule ube zahlulo-4 yaye ngamnye kubo: pawns 4, omnye ngemfano indlovu, ihashe, a rook kunye nokumkani. Injongo - zokoyisa abatshabalalise utshaba. Kulo mdlalo usebenzisa idayisi, wagibisela ngaloo uze wenze intshukumo.

Chaturanga ukusuka India ezenzeka kwamanye amazwe yasempumalanga uze eyavela kwithuba elingaphezu kwexesha. Amajoni zadityaniswa waza wenza amaqela amabini, ngalinye ezafumana ookumkani ezimbini. Ngelo xesha kwaphuma omnye ukumkani esikhundleni umcebisi. Yiya nani waqala ngokwabo ngaphandle ukusetyenziswa kwe idayisi, ukumkani bengenako ukubulala, kuphela ukuvala intshukumo yayo ijikeleza ebhodini.

amanani ukuguquka

Kukho, ngokutsho legend, ROC ekugqibeleni similise iphenyane. Oku kungenxa yokuba Islam othintela ukwenza imifanekiso eziphilayo. Ngoko ke, imbonakalo wechess kumazwe Arab Rukh intaka itshintshiwe, ukuba basike amaphiko: ukufumana i tabs elula encinane phezulu quadrangle. Oku koko kwenzekayo inguqu intaka rook.

Ngoko ke, imvelaphi umdlalo igutyungelwe amabali amaninzi kunye iintsomi, omnye kuphela into ethile, ukuba khona wechess - India.

Wabonakala kumaxesha amandulo, umdlalo iye yaphinda yathandwa ehlabathini lonke. Emkhosini, iye yaba oluvuselela yokuqonda kunye nokuphuhlisa inkumbulo, logic, ingqalelo, ngexesha elifanayo kufuna a Ukunyamezela ethile.