Lightning: ukubala, ukufakela, uvavanyo, nozinzo

Nyaka ngamnye izakhiwo ezininzi kwaye zombane ubunzima kwimiphumo kombane. Ukuze ukukhusela isakhiwo ngeziganeko zendalo ezifana, faka inkqubo yokhuseleko umbane.

Lightning kwindlu yabucala - iseti imisebenzi asethi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ekhuselekileyo yenjongosenzi komhlaba ngexesha ibonisa umbane. Kuyinto lophawu ebalulekileyo nasiphi na isakhiwo okhusela umonakalo, lula, zobugcisa, izinto eziphathekayo, kwakunye nabantu kwiimpembelelo eziziprayimari nezizisekondari kombane.

ukhethe Iimpawu

Ukuba akukho zixhobo yokhuseleko zokwakha umbane, Nombane kusenokuba unobangela womlilo, ukutshatyalaliswa into okanye umntu iba kukwenzakala.

Main Unit umbani intonga ibe nye, kodwa sebenzisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ukwakhiwa. Ukukhetha le sakhiwo kufuneka athathe ingqalelo imida zilandelayo:

- Iimpawu ze ubume yokwakha.

- Amandla iindudumo eniwelela kulo nyaka kwindawo ethile.

- The degree olufunwayo lokhuseleko.

umbani qualitative

Ukubalwa imimandla Umqhubi umbane kufuneka zisekelwe kwingcaciso malunga ububanzi, nobude besakhiwo, nto leyo iya kwakhelwa isakhiwo olukhuselayo.

Ngaphezu koko, kufuneka athathele ingqalelo avareji inani lezimangalo umbane kwi ariya ethile mhlaba.

Ngexesha inkqubo yokuvelisa kweprojekthi kwi ziingcali zabo ukubala ukwakhiwa indawo yokhuseleko. Ngokwala data nemibane yakhiwe. Ukubalwa alula, kuba oku ungasebenzisa iindidi calculators kwi-network.

Injongo kunye nokwakhiwa kwentonga umbane

Sicinga ukukhuselwa imibane, umbane kufuneka Velisa uyilo.

Namhlanje, kukho iindidi ezintathu imibane, eziya kwahluka enye kwenye iimpawu zolwakhiwo kunye neemfuno ukusebenza.

Udidi lokuqala luquka ulwakhiwo, ukusebenza kunye imichiza neziqhushumbisi kananjalo agcinwe kuzo. Kwiindawo ezinjalo rhoqo umxube ikhoyo uthuli, umphunga kunye neegesi kunye nomoya. Bamele engozini ubomi babantu.

Udidi lwesibini luquka izakhiwo ukuba oyigcina iziqhushumbisi kwindawo evaliweyo tarakh metal. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kuphela ngexesha likaxakeka ezinokuvela imixube eziyingozi edubulayo enamakhulu umphunga, iigesi kunye uthuli emoyeni. I-dubulo ukuba intshabalalo iya kuba buso.

Udidi lwesithathu kuquka gumbi, nto leyo akakwazi ukwenza imixube edubulayo.

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ufakelo lweenkqubo zokukhusela umbane, kuthintela ukuhlaselwa ngqo, iimpembelelo aphakamileyo kunye nokwaziswa kobuchule ophezulu kwizakhiwo ezivela kudidi yokuqala neyesibini. Izakhiwo besive kudidi lwesithathu, kufuneka uzifakelele ngentonga umbane, ethintela umbane strike ngqo kunye nokwaziswa nekhono eziphakamileyo.

iintlobo

Makhe sijonge umzekelo yesakhiwo ezikhulu isixhobo protection umbane. Kusenokuba ngaphandle kunye nezo ziphuma ngaphakathi. Nganye injongo ekhethekileyo. Zombini zibaluleke kakhulu iintlobo yokuqala neyesibini. Zinika kuphela ukhuseleko impahla yakho, kodwa impilo abo ubathandayo.

ukhuselo umbani lwangaphandle kwikhaya labucala ilula. Luquka ezi zinto zilandelayo:

- Umqokeleli.

- Lightning.

- Earthing.

imibane Interception ngqo ngaphezulu uphahla, uze kudlula isigxina ngokusebenzisa umzila ephephile ukukhutshwa ngayo emhlabeni - ukuba umbane. Ukubala izinto eziyimfuneko ukuze kwakhiwe amaziko kufuneka bazisa kuxwebhu kuyilo. Ukufakelwa kwesixhobo uya kukwazi ukubamba umntu ngamnye ngokwabo.

Kodwa scheme ukhuselo imibane lwangaphakathi kunzima kakhulu ngakumbi. Oku oluntsonkothileyo amanyathelo, eziqinisekisa ukhuseleko izixhobo zombane kunye nokufakelwa indlu. Lo msebenzi kungcono iingcali. Kuba kuphela into ngokufanelekileyo khetha izixhobo eziyimfuneko ikhaya lakho, nto leyo eya kunceda ukukhusela isakhiwo umonakalo.

Siqwalasela umsebenzi isiqalelo ngasinye kombane lwangaphandle.

isixhobo sokuqokelela

Le umqokeleli - oku ucingo elithile lebhokisi earthing nemibane arrester kunye nabanye. Kuba imveliso yawo usebenzisa imivalo yesinyithi kwalenza okanye emnyama 6 mm ubukhulu. Le element enxulumene noko yomqala zentsimbi kunye neenkozo zepistasi, iibholiti ngokuthi iwelding emhlabeni. Kuya kufuneka zibekwe ngendlela yokuba phakathi arrester umbane kunye zezemlitelem yaba umgama engephi kunokwenzeka. Inxalenye engaphandle yeseli kufuneka ukuba ibe khona. Oku kushenxisa kungenzeka umonakalo okanye buthathaka ukuqina sokuqokelela.

Sokuqokelela nako kuba iziqalelo zokwakha yesinyithi (imibhobho, leri umlilo njl). Eyona nto weza ukudibana oluthembekileyo zombane phakathi zonke izinto kakuhle inkqubo yokhuseleko umbane.

Lightning

Lightning arrester for intercepting yokumpompoza yombane. indima yayo uyakwazi ukwenza metal enemingxuma, intonga okanye intambo.

Metal mesh umbane arrester ekhwele ngqo phezu kophahla yokwakha. Kuba nokuveliswa lwesi sakhi usebenzisa imivalo kuhlinzwa icandelo elijekelezayo umnqamlezo okanye wethafa kulo mbandela. Ukuba ugqiba ukufaka umbane arrester hlobo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukudala iimeko ukuze ukucoca rhoqo ngumkhenkce okanye nekhephu eluphahleni. Kufuneka kwakhona ukuba anyamekele amanzi ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa ye kwezulu. Ulwelo kuyo nayiphi na imeko akufuneki sibe kule yinxalenye yokwakha. Ubukhulu seli ubuninzi 5 x 5 m.

Lightning ngokwemo ngentonga but is zemveli kwilizwe lethu. Waqala ukusebenzisa ngenkulungwane XVIII. Amaninzi, kukho obekubhaliwe kumakhaya abantu. Lungisa intonga phezu kwendlu. Yenziwe ngentsimbi yabucala.

Lightning arrester ngokwemo intambo na uhlobo ngentambo ebuntsimbi leyo elinqunyanyisiweyo nakwizigqeba zenkxaso. diverters Tye akhiwe kwi exhasa ezimbini nisekelwe. Amaninzi ukuba zibekwe phezu ufakelo zobugcisa luphawulwa eside (phezulu imigca power). Olu hlobo kunqabile kakhulu kusetyenziswa ukukhusela izakhiwo imibane zogwayimbo.

lwezisekelo zokhuseleko Lightning exhomekeke kule elementi nkqubo.

earthing

It is a umqhubi ebuntsimbi, nekufuneka ukuba uqhagamshelane kunye emhlabeni. Amaninzi bakhonza earthing iimveliso zesinyithi: Iprofayili emboxo, iqela okanye ityhubhu.

Ukwenza intonga ngombane ngezandla zakhe ivumela ukusetyenziswa ukusetyenziswa onganeno okanye yangaphambili imibhobho, igesi, okanye umbhobho. Khumbula ukuba earthing mazisoloko icocwe nokumelana. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo ukusebenzisa i galvanizing. Ukuba uvala earthing xa kukho isiphango aba bantu, ukuqina kwayo kufuneka ingadluli ohms-10.

project

Phambi kokuba uqale zokwakha, kufuneka udale uyilo wokhuseleko umbane. Kubhetele ukuba kubeke kwiingcali. Le projekthi kufuneka banikwe ukwakha ukufakelwa kombane intonga, kuthathelwa ingqalelo injongo yayo engundoqo, oko kukuthi isigaba. Umzekelo, indlu bobabo kudidi III.

Le projekthi kufuneka siqulathe oku kulandelayo:

- Uhlobo terminal lomoya (kweencwadi eyenziwa, inowuthi iseli).

- Iimpawu ze sokuqokelela (Lenzelwe kuzo, ubukhulu be ucingo, indlela uncamathiselo kwi umbane arrester, emhlabeni).

- Amanqaku Ground (indawo, ubunzulu izinto yenziwe kuzo).

ufakelo kwentonga umbane

Kufuneka ukhethe indawo iphezulu phezu kwendlu. Apha kuyimfuneko ukulungisa lwemasti apho imvelaphi inyuselwa khona umbane arrester. ukuphakama kwalo impikiswano phakathi iingcali. Abanye bathi ukuba yeepali ubude nga ukubamba umbane ukuba akwazi uzakufun aukugqithisa ngapha ekhaya. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba aphezulu oko kukuthi, kokukhona kuya kuba njengombane. kuba ukubala ubude terminal umoya hayi, njengoko umba yi moot. Ngoko ke, ubude ngqo ingcali lwemasti awukhankanyi.

imasti ngcono ezenziwe iintsika ngamaplanga. terminal Air kufuneka ngokukhuselekileyo nto zibambene nayo encotsheni imasti. Kaninzi oku ukusetyenziswa njongo metal yamasango ngokuqinileyo some.

Ngu Lightning umqhubi kufuneka adityaniswe. It encamathele lwemasti kunye iikhola ngeplastiki. Xa indima intambo umqhubi isoloko isetyenziswa, ekulula ukuphoswa kwi idreyini phantsi. Ngoko ke niya kuba nako ukukhusela kuye evela zemimoya umoya, ice kunye ikhephu.

ukhuselo Lightning nozinzo ezinento omnye komnye. Ngapha koko, indawo esichanekileyo element lokugqibela lula ukurhoxiswa ekhuselekileyo kwentlawulo yombane.

Kumgama oziimitha ezi-3 ukusuka ndlu kufuneka umbe umngxuma. Kubhetele ukuba ukhethe indawo apho abantu abava- hamba, kwaye ukungabizi iimoto. Ubunzulu emhadini kuxhomekeke kwizinga komhlaba. Uyacetyiswa ukuba abeke iintonga phantsi emanzi. Emhadini ogrunjiweyo obekwe earthing, encamathele sokuqokelela. Emva kokuba umhadi kungcwatywa ngenyameko.