Lokunxibela Top leenyosi ebusika isiraphu neswekile. Ixesha kunye nenani nesiya

Kufuywe care leenyosi - inkqubo uxanduva ixesha elide nelityayo ixesha. Emva kokuba ixesha ehlotyeni, umnini-zisele kufuneka bakwazi ukuthatha unonophelo izinambuzane kunye isitokhwe feed. Kuba overwintering ngempumelelo iinyosi kufuneka yenziwe kwesichumiso yasekwindla. Le nkqubo iza kunceda ukuba ugcine inani eliphezulu labantu kwiintsapho kwixesha abandayo kunye impilo entle kunye namandla indiza elandelayo.

Ukulungiselela leenyosi ubusika

Emva kokuba ixesha ehlotyeni, umnini zisele kufuneka aqhube uphicotho iintsapho. Indlela yokulungiselela iinyosi ebusika? Ukuze wenze oku kufuneka abale ubudala wesibeleko kunye mali ndawonye amantshontsho. Le datha kuya kumnceda ukufumana imfuno amanyathelo eyongezelelweyo ukulungiselela amathanga inyosi ukuba ubusika.

Ukuba wasefama ubungqina "amandla" izinambuzane ezahlukeneyo, oko kufuneka kwenziwe ukutyebisa isiraphu iinyosi iswekile, ngenxa yokuba isitokhwe ubusi ngokuqhelekileyo hamba iintsapho buthathaka.

Xa efumanise zonke iintlobo zezifo izinambuzane ubungqina ngokuyimfuneko processing ezizodwa lwenzeka amalungiselelo lwezilwanyana. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba imozulu ebandayo lentsapho liya kuba nako kwakhona impilo yabo kwaye namandla. Kwakhona amayeza kuyimfuneko idityaniswe isichumiso.

Ingaba Kufuneka avale?

Ebusika, iinyosi abatyhubela ngezigaba ezibini zobomi kunye nophuhliso. Isiqingatha sokuqala sale xesha luphawulwa kuzolile epheleleyo kunye noxolo ubungqina. Ngeli xesha, ngenkankulu izinambuzane sihambe ngendlela iindlwane ze kudla ukutya. Bafumana amandla namandla kwinyathelo elilandelayo.

Izinto zitshintshile kusapho inyosi kunye ukubonakala kwamathole lawo. Ngeli xesha, izinambuzane baqala ukuba esebenzayo:

• ukondla kwamathole lawo;
• lobushushu ezithile zigcinwa kwindawo rasplodnika;
• ukulawula ukufuma.

Ngokunxulumene imisebenzi enjalo ugonyamelo, bachitha amandla amaninzi, ekufuneka ibuyiselwe ngokusebenzisa isondlo. Ngoko ke ekwindla ukutyebisa iinyosi sugar isiraphu kunokunceda iintsapho ukuchitha amantshontsho esemgangathweni.

Ixesha eliphezulu inkqubo yokulungiselela kunye nokusetyenziswa isiraphu yeswekile

beenyosi abanamava ahlukana ngokokubona. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba isichumiso ingaveliselwa ekwindla kade, ngoxa abanye kugxininisa ukusetyenziswa version komnyaka ka isiraphu. ukuba uqale nini bondle leenyosi ebusika?

Kodwa kukholelwa ukuba kubhetele ukuqhuba le nkqubo ekupheleni Agasti kwaye ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba. Iminyaka leenyosi ngeli xesha na ngonyuka sinciphile kwaye iphela ngexesha sicengo. Kwakhona sinikele ingqalelo kukuba ecaleni zisele azizange izityalo kweentyatyambo. Kungenjalo iinyosi fly kula imibala hayi ukusebenza isiraphu iswekile.

Kwimimandla esemazantsi lizwe ngenxa lokondla ubusika leenyosi isiraphu iswekile unako kubunjwa 5-10 ka-Oktobha. Apha, ngeli xesha ulindele komndilili weqondo lobushushu imihla ngasentla 10 ^0. Kwezinye iindawo zeli lizwe kungcono ukuyigqiba le nkqubo phambi kokuba Septemba 15-20.

Kamva, isondlo awuvumeli izinambuzane ukuba ondle ngokupheleleyo kwakhona ukuzalwa yenzala. Kwaye ekusetyenzweni ezisencinci ukondla akufuneki inxaxheba kuyo nayiphi na imeko. Lo msebenzi nje zonakalise. Umsebenzi ophambili we-isizukulwana esitsha leenyosi ebusika - kukulungisa amandla namandla kwixesha spring-ehlotyeni. Ezi zinambuzane ke ulinde nje ngaphandle ixesha abandayo bume.

ndawonye amantshontsho ilanga ekulibaziseni moya yokuqala impahla esencinane. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni izinambuzane baqale ayinakungabinanto kungena iseli. A iindawo a iinyosi ubusi lisetyenziswa kodwa olungenanto. Ngoko ke, ixesha elizayo ukuba kakhulu kunciphise incindi yokuqokelela nokusingathwa enqatheni lobusi, kwakunye nomntu nje ngamnye ukuze abinzwe yi igciwane.

Izinambuzane alungiswa isiraphu ukondla leenyosi malunga neentsuku ezili-14. Ngeli thuba kubaluleke kakhulu ubushushu korhulumente esitratweni. Ukuba le nkqubo ikhutshwa phandle entwasahlobo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukukhawulezisa inkqubo isibeleko Nzalandini-kwabantwana, nto leyo eya kukhokelela ekubeni ukulahleka inani elikhulu zizinambuzane.

Indlela yokuphumeza ukuhluzwa isiraphu iswekile kunye ubalo lokuqala echanekileyo imali yayo

Ukuze wenze oku, phambi kokuba ukusebenza ngaphakathi lokondla indlu aniswele ukubeka izakhelo ezimbini ezingenanto. Ngenxa yoko, izinambuzane isiraphu ukuqhubekekiswa ziza kubekwa kwiseli. Ngendlela iinyosi aqale ukufunxa ukutya ivela embindini zinto zizise endlwini yazo. Ke ukusondela emthonjeni, baye bafudukela ecaleni lobusi, nto leyo eya kuba oovimba ubusi zendalo.

Ukutyebisa isiraphu iinyosi iswekile ebusika kufuneka kwenziwe mali ethile. Bala ubunzima efunekayo kulula. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka wenze isigqibo malunga isixa ukutya lonke ubusika intsapho. Ngokutsho uqikelelo iinyosi abanamava izinambuzane 3000 (isakhelo esinye isitalato) kufuneka ibe 2 kg yobusi.

Ngokutsho imithetho yosi, ubuninzi bokutya kufuneka zendalo. Le nobusi, ivunwe ziinyosi. Umnini kobungqina ekupheleni ixesha kumshiya phezu sikhokelo. Iqulathe zonke izinto eziyimfuneko kumsebenzi izinambuzane.

Ubusi nezithi zikhuphe zinambuzane isiraphu yeswekile kusenokuba-30% udlisa iyonke. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ubalo yenziweyo ubunzima iswekile, kungekhona ubunzima isiraphu. Ngenxa yoko, 1 kg iinyosi ubusi bavelisa umlinganiselo ofanayo zeswekile, emnandi kwaye ayikagqitywa isisombululo.

Features isiraphu ukupheka

Xa ekwindla abantu akunyanzelekanga ukuba lokusebenzisa amandla amaninzi kwi inkqubo ukwetyisa of polysaccharides lunzima monosaccharides. Kwakhona, azinayo ukuchitha ixesha elininzi ukuba iiseli itywiniwe. Ngokuba lo lokunxibela ngenxa isiraphu ubusika iinyosi iswekile kufuneka luqhutywe ngokweshedyuli ngokuthobela olinganise ngqo izakhi ukulungiselela isisombululo.

Sugar ingasetyenziswa beet nengcongolo yeziqholo. Kufuneka ukuba wakhiwe ukungcola. Amanzi ekuveliseni isiraphu ngokuyimfuneko isusiwe. Kufuneka ubiliswe nokukhusela iintsuku ezimbalwa. Xa packagings ngamanzi ngelo xesha a kwenze kuyilwa, leyo Ukuhlanganiswa efunekayo.

Ukuba iswekile ngexesha yokugcina iye ithathe amanzi amaninzi, le isiraphu ilungele ukuba bilisa ukuba imizuzu eli-10-15. Ngoko ukwazi ukuphepha nokosulela izifo ezinzwaneni leenyosi. Bilisa isiraphu akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo. Kufuneka kwakhona esweni ngokusondeleyo, ngoko ke aqhumisele, kungenjalo izinambuzane akayi kuba nako ukwenza oko.

Lungisa isiraphu kuyimfuneko isitya lwawo. Kufuneka ube zamafu. Kuba phambili isisombululo ulwelo leenyosi sweet bahlawule imali eninzi amandla uze kungena sokuHayibhaneyitha buthathaka urhulumente. Kuya kuchaphazela impilo umgangatho ubusi zabo kwixesha elilandelayo.

Isiraphu Ukwakhiwa lokondla iinyosi ebusika

Iinyosi baye bazama recipes ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ukuba izinto zokubopha. Ngubani usebenzisa ubume bokuba and qualitative:

1. Umlinganiselo kakhulu kangangoko - 3 (iswekile): 2 (amanzi). Ngoko ke, i-60% sugar isiraphu. Umzekelo, ukuba alungiselele iilitha 10 begqibile ukutya kufuneka athathe 6 kg yeswekile kunye neelitha ezi-4 zamanzi. Ukunqanda crystallization yenzekile, le mithi lifakiwe acetic acid ratio ml 0.3 nganye 1 kg yeswekile. Le nto ke nemiphumo emihle kumgangatho leenyosi ubusika. Zinelungelo kwamafutha omzimba ngamanye, yaye nomthombo amantshontsho enkulu.
2. Ukuqaqambisa izinambuzane omzimba ngokusebenzisa ongeziweyo xa kusondliwa ayibe. Eli candelo kunempembelelo entle abaselula. Iinyosi ukwandisa ukumelana nezifo kunye nemikhosi umthombo olungileyo ukuya kwi-moya. Thenga le ngxenye ibe ekhemesti. izinto Kukho kuthengiswa ngokohlobo amacwecwe ayibe chloride. Amacwecwe 2 kwanele ukongeza iilitha ezi-2 ugqibile isiraphu.
3. Med isiraphu zisebenziseke ayikho izondlo ezaneleyo iinyosi. Ukuze abe kufutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba ubume bendalo ubisi lwenkomo idityaniswe kumxube neswekile. Ngenxa yoko, iinyosi ukuze asebenzise 76% ye izondlo eziyimfuneko. Ukuze alungiselele isiraphu lufuneka ukuthatha-20% ngaphantsi kwamanzi. Emva olupholisa le isiraphu ogqityiweyo ⁰ ukuya 45 kufuneka ukongeza ubisi ngokomlinganiselo kulahleke amanzi. Ngoko ke, ngokuba ukulungiselela iilitha 10 isiraphu kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa 3.2 eelitha zamanzi kunye neelitha 0.8 zobisi. Le isisombululo zifakwa efudumeleyo endlwini yazo.
4. Kudla isetyenziswe ekulungisweni zokupheka igwele yombhaki. Kulo mzekelo, i isiraphu kuphekelwa umlinganiselo 1: 1. 10 iilitha kufuneka uthathe 250 grams nagwele zixinaniswe. Kufuneka yaso kwi ilitha sisiqingatha wayigqiba isiraphu uze udibanise kumxube iyonke, likuxhoxhela kakuhle. Ezo zokutyisa iinyosi iswekile isiraphu ebusika iza kubonelela inani elaneleyo izinambuzane, ukulandela iimpawu kunye neevithamini. Xa usebenzisa amagwele ezomileyo kufuneka phambili ukuba ingene kwi-12 g nganye 1 ilitha akugqiba isiraphu.
5. Ukuze uphephe nosema, kufuneka ukongeza isiraphu "fumagillin" izinga ml 250 ngeelitha 12.5 of ugqibile feed. Ichiza kufuneka exutywe phambi ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi acocekileyo.
6. Ukukhusela zisele ukusuka amakhalane ukondla imfuneko ukongeza imali encinane neenaliti pine. Kwakhona, le Ukongeza ziya kunika iintsapho kunye iivithamini ezongezelelweyo aze anike isisombululo ibe livumba elithozamisayo.
7. Okukuyo protein Inyosi kwi ekutyeni, ungasebenzisa amaqanda enkukhu. Ukuze wenze oku kufuneka elungileyo ngokushukumisa i phehla iqanda okanye blender kwaye ubunzima ngokusebenzisa cheesecloth. Le nto kufuneka zongezwe isiraphu ogqityiweyo. Ngomhla woku-1 bee koloni iya kuba yanele 1 pc.

Zonke ezinye izithako ziyongezwa kwi-isiraphu iphela. feed Kugqityiwe ayikwazi abilayo kunye nobushushu. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, bilisa i isiraphu ilungele, kufuneka ngamaxesha zisuswe ebushushwini phambi abilayo ingongoma.

Ukulungiswa isiraphu

Amanzi anenani elifunekayo kwangaphambili zikhuselwe. Emva koko bazisa ithumba kwi ingqayi wayesebenzisa ubeke bucala kude emlilweni. Kuphela ngale ndlela wongezwa anenani elifunekayo iswekile kunye axutywe kakuhle.

Xa usebenzisa Iijagi ilitha yokulinganisa isixa izithako akufuneki silibale ukuba 800 kuphela iigrem eziqinileyo ibekwa kuwo. Emva nokonakala epheleleyo isiraphu yeswekile eseleyo zipholile 40 ^0.

Ke kaloku, ukuba ukutya, ungongeza amacandelo ezongezelelweyo eziyimfuneko ukunyusa ubungakanani iivithamini kunye neeminerali. Kwakhona lo mxube ogqityiweyo ukuze kuphalala ubusi endalo mali ka-10% yezisombululo iyonke.

Iinyosi etywiniweyo isiraphu enqatheni lobusi nobusi, inkqubo yona, okanye ukunciphisa umlinganiselo wamanzi longeziwe. Ngoko ke kufuneka uzilungiselele kakuhle isiraphu iinyosi iswekile. Umlinganiselo 3: 2 uya yabonakala ngokucacileyo. Ngoko, kwenzeka le isiraphu kunye lexinene kangangoko, kwaye ngokulula izinambuzane hlulwa libe iswekile nobusi, ukuba ukusebenzisa amandla engeyomfuneko.

Indlela ukuphumeza inkqubo lokondla

Kubalulekile kuphela ngobuchule ukulungiselela le lobusi, kodwa wabele kakuhle. Kuzo zombini ezi meko, onke amalungiselelo ziya kuba lilize. beekeeper abanamava uyazi ixesha kunye imali yokondla iinyosi ebusika ngenxa kwiifama zabo. Abanikazi abantwana kufuneka bafunde ubuchule obusisiseko. Ukondla isiraphu ziinyosi sugar iveliswa:

• imali encinane ngexesha (ukuya kwilitha 1);
• inani elikhulu (1-3 iilitha).

Indlela yokuqala yamkelekile kwaye kufanelekile. Ngeedosi ezincinane bee ngokukhawuleza yaye alungiswa ngcono isiraphu Iswekile yobusi. enzyme Iveliswe ukuba cleavage of iswekile (invertase) ukusilela ubungakanani eyaneleyo yonke isabelo lokunxibela.

Indlela yesibini ungasebenzisa usapho lilikhulu kwaye lomelele enikiweyo. Kwakhona ezifanelekileyo wasinika amantshontsho entle zinto zizise endlwini yazo. Ukutyebisa kwi ebusika iinyosi sugar isiraphu udlula usebenzisa zeBRT kwicala maxa wambi eliphezulu. Phambili asuswe zisele iseli ayinanto. Kuzo zonke izinambuzane feeder phezulu ngokukhawuleza athathe isiraphu kunye nokwenza oko, kuba kancinci ukuba nguba- ezibandayo.

Autumn mxhesho isiraphu iinyosi iswekile evela kwi ngokuhlwa. amathontsi isisombululo Sweet musa kuwa phezu iindonga indlu, okanye emhlabeni ngeenxa zonke. Kungenjalo iinyosi fly kwaye enze iintshukumo ezongezelelweyo ukuqokelela sakupha Andinaxesha ukuphonononga.

Yintoni efanele ukusetyenziswa ukuphakheja?

Le isiraphu iswekile ezisezweni (ibathwana kufuneka ngokungqongqo ukuba kuhlangatyezwane) abanokufakwa endlwini yazo ngeendlela ezininzi:

• silingi okanye icala zeBRT, ezenziwe phezu iibhulorho eyenziwe ngomthi okanye imidiza, ukunqanda nkxu izinambuzane isiraphu;
• 3 nelitha-ingqayi;
• ukupakisha iingxowa;
• ezizalisa zingabinanto iiseli.

Iifama ezincinane izixhobo asetyenziswa rhoqo apha esandleni xa usenza ekwindla ukutyebisa iinyosi sugar isiraphu. Ngaloo umxube uzilungiselele ndafakwa engqayini ilitha-3 apho entanyeni ke ifakwe yi igozi agobe kwiiseli ezininzi. Bank asiphethule wabekwa kula macandelo engentla ezindlwini. Isiraphu kufuneka zingabi sasinga ngaphandle kwisikhongozeli. Iinyosi besanya ukutya ngokusebenzisa ukhuseleko igozi.

Ukusebenzisa upakisho wokondla

Eyona ndlela ibubulumko neyona elula kukusebenzisa lokondla iiphakheji nokupaka. Bahlukile amandla zeplastiki kunye nobukho pores ezincinane evumela equleni lokusasazwa ivumba isiraphu ngeenxa zinto zizise endlwini yazo. Ngenxa yoko, iipakethe self-bamhlabileyo musa ukuba.

Ezipakishwe enjalo iinyosi ziya lokusebenzisa amandla olungabhekanga kwenzakalani ipasile, kunye nesisombululo iswekile akayi athontsize kwi iindonga kunye womgangatho endlwini yazo. Le ndlela kudla echazwe ziingcali ezininzi kwicandelo ukufuywa. lokunxibela Top leenyosi ebusika kunye ngepakethi kuthatha ubuncinane ixesha kunye nomgudu ngokwasemzimbeni.

Ezi phakheji azele isiraphu waza wagqiba ibotshelelwe. Ziqulethe ngokuhlwa kwisakhelo eliphezulu iqaphele ukuba cinezela phantsi iinyosi. Le yokwakha yambathisiwe kwaye ivaliwe. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa iinyosi athathe ngokupheleleyo kude isichumiso kwaye uphucule kuyo.

Ezi zinambuzane akazange ukwala ukuthatha ukutya ngendlela, ukuya isiraphu kuyimfuneko ukudibanisa intwana yobusi ivumba. Le ndlela yeyona eqhelekileyo kakhulu lula.