Makhe sithethe iindleko iindleko olungumgubo nento zisetyenziswa

Kweli nqaku uza kufunda malunga neendleko, iindleko kwifomula, kwakunye ukuqonda intsingiselo kwisahlulo yabo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo.

Iindleko kubhekiselwa kuloo izibonelelo zemali kufuneka lichithwe imisebenzi yezoqoqosho. Ngoku iindleko Ukuhlaziya (formula iindleko enikwe ngezantsi) uyakwazi yokugqiba ulawulo lwalo lwezibonelelo.

Ezi iindleko zemveliso zohlulwa ngokwendidi eziliqela, kuxhomekeka ukuba bachaphazeleka njani lutshintsho kwi kwimveliso.

emi

Phantsi iindleko ezizinzileyo kuthetha ezo ndleko, ixabiso apho ayichaphazeli umthamo kwimveliso. Oko kukuthi, ixabiso labo liya kuba efanayo umsebenzi beshishini imo yonxunguphalo, kusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo amandla yemveliso okanye, phezu koko, ngexesha kwemitshini imveliso.

Umzekelo, iindleko ezinjalo inokuba yezolawulo okanye amanye amanqaku ezikhethwe isixa iindleko ezihamba (irente ofisi, iindleko ukugcinwa zobunjineli technical kwabasebenzi, akazalani inkqubo zemveliso), imivuzo yabasebenzi, oyifaka kwiingxowa-inshorensi, iindleko mvume, software software kunye nabanye.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba enyanisweni rhoqo ngokupheleleyo, iindleko ezinjalo abayi kubizwa ngokuba. Sekunjalo, umthamo bemveliso nempembelelo kubo, nangona ngokungqalileyo, kodwa ngokungangqalanga. Umzekelo, ukwanda umthamo kwimveliso kungafuna ukwanda yindawo yokugcina, iindlela zolondolozo olongezelelweyo ukuba banxibe ngokukhawuleza.

Amaninzi kule ncwadi zoqoqosho badla ukusebenzisa igama elithi "esisigxina iindleko zemveliso."

eziguquguqukayo

Ngokungafaniyo Iindleko ezizinzileyo, iindleko eziguquguqukayo kisekiyo ngqo umthamo kwimveliso.

Kulo hlobo ziquka izinto, imathiriyeli kunye nezinye izibonelelo abandakanyeka kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, umbane kunye nezinye iintlobo ezininzi neendleko. Umzekelo, ngokuthi kwandiswe imveliso iibhokisi yamaplanga iiyunithi 100, kuyimfuneko ukuba bathenge inani elifanayo izinto ukusuka apho ukuba bazivelise okanye bazenze.

Iindleko efanayo angenza isicelo iindidi ezahlukeneyo

Kwaye iindleko efanayo zingangqamana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, yaye, ngokunjalo, oko kuya kuba iindleko ezahlukeneyo. iindleko Formula, nto leyo ukubala iindleko ezinjalo, ngokupheleleyo ukuqinisekisa oko.

Ngokomzekelo, umbane. iibhalbhu ukukhanya, izimiso umoya, moya, iikhompyutha - konke oku izixhobo, nto leyo ifakwe kwi-ofisi, esebenza ngeendleko kombane. izixhobo Mechanical, oomatshini kunye nezinye izixhobo, nto leyo efunekayo ekuveliseni kwempahla, iimveliso, nayo kuhla umbane.

Kulo uhlalutyo zemali ezahlulwe sisithuba ngokucacileyo umbane yaye libhekisela ezahlukeneyo iintlobo ze iindleko. Ngenxa yokuba ukwenza uqikelelo oluchanekileyo iindleko elizayo, yaye kuthathelwa ingqalelo iindleko zangoku kufuneka iinkqubo ukwahlukana ecacileyo ixhomekeke kubungakanani kwimveliso.

iindleko zemveliso jikelele

Ubungakanani ezahlukeneyo kunye neendleko ezizinzileyo ubizwa ngokuba "Iindleko zizonke". Ifomula kubalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Io = Ip + Iper,

apho:

Io - iindleko zizonke;

Un - iindleko ezizinzileyo;

Iper - iindleko eziguquguqukayo.

Ukusebenzisa le yesalkathisi emiselwe kwinqanaba iindleko zizonke. ukuhlaziya yakhe malunga nemiba yenza sikwazi ukubona ukuba inkqubo ifoun, ngokutsha, ukunciphisa okanye ukwandisa umthamo iinkqubo zemveliso kunye lolawulo lweshishini.

Umyinge leendleko zokuzivelisa

Ngokwahlula isixa zonke iindleko unit imveliso nganye uyakwazi ukufumana avareji iindleko. ifomula kubalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Ngaba = Io / ZiQalo

apho:

Isa - avareji iindleko;

Op - umthamo imveliso.

Esi umlinganiselo ukwabizwa ngokuba 'iindleko ezipheleleyo omnye unit imveliso. " Ukusebenzisa le salathisi kwi kuhlalutyo kwezoqoqosho, unako ukuyiqonda indlela eyiyo inkampani usebenzisa imithombo yayo imveliso. Ngokungafaniyo jikelele, iindleko umlinganiselo, leyo ifomula ubalo unikwa ngasentla kubonisa ukusebenza-mali 1 iyunithi yemveliso zaveliswa.

iindleko abekelwa

Ukuze uhlaziye nokwenzeka yokutshintsha inani kweemveliso ezisetyenziswayo salathisi, ebonisa iindleko zemveliso kwiyunithi ezongezelelweyo nganye. Ibizwa ngokuba "kwendleko ebekiwe". Ifomula kubalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Ieper = (Io2 - Io1) / (OP2 - OP1),

apho:

Ypres - kwendleko ebekiwe.

Le ndlela yokubala iza kuba luncedo kakhulu xa abasebenzi nolawulo inkampani yagqiba ukwandisa imithamo imveliso, ukwanda kunye nezinye utshintsho kwiinkqubo imveliso.

Ngoko ke, emva kokuba sele ufundile iindleko, iindleko olungumgubo lweentsana, oku kucaca kutheni kuhlalutyo lwezoqoqosho bahlule ngokucacileyo phakathi iindleko zemveliso ezisisiseko, ulawulo kunye nolawulo, kunye neendleko.