Mangaphi amatyala e IsiNgesi: omsebenzi osemqoka, imithetho kunye nemizekelo

Umbuzo amatyala amaninzi kangakanani ngolwimi IsiNgesi olusetyenziswa ukubhala nokuthetha, kwenzeka qho ngakumbi abo benza ingamandla isifundo ngalo mba. Ngoku kuyimfuneko ukwazi ulwimi lwasemzini. Ubambe kubo kwinqanaba eliphezulu zingasetyenziswa kuphela ukuba sihlolisise iimpawu zegrama ulwimi kakuhle. Apha kufuneka ukuba inkcazelo malunga nenani amatyala izibizo ngolwimi IsiNgesi njengoko yaye xa kufuneka ukuba isetyenziswe. Nantso into esiyenzayo ukuthetha ngayo kweli nqaku.

Ingcamango zamagama isininzi

Okokuqala, makhe sibone, yintoni na kwirejistara IsiNgesi. Table, imizekelo ukusetyenziswa, kwaye iinguqulelo akayi usiphe ukuqonda epheleleyo izihloko, njengoko yonke into kuthathwa elifutshane, ngqo kwaye yakhelwe kubasebenzisi abanamava. Kufuneka sihlolisisa kwimeko nganye nganye nokuqonda iimfano neeyantlukwano kwirejistara Russian. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze kube lula nokwenziwa lo mbandela. Ngoko ke, e IsiNgesi, kukho iimeko ezimbini:

1. Swe jikelele, ukuba igama Case Common.
2. kunjalo bunini, eliguqulelwa ngokuthi ukulawula Case.

Yintoni na kunjalo ngokwawo? Le iqhinga lwegrama enceda ukuvakalisa sengqondo yesibizo kwamanye amagama kwisivakalisi. Ekuqaleni, e IsiNgesi yamandulo, kukho ezininzi amatyala, ezifana Russian:

• nominative;
• genitive;
• dative;
• wesenzo;
• ablative.

Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, utshintsho kuninzi Ezolimi amatyala wanyamalala, wahlala ezimbini kuphela. Nabo, kufuneka siyenze kude kube ngoku. Kubalulekile abafundi ulwimi elungileyo, kangangoko ukuze kube lula ukuqonda kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamagama kwisivakalisi.

kwimeko eqhelekileyo

Ukuxoxa isihloko Kwiimeko ezininzi njani IsiNgesi, kuya kuba kuhle ukuba uqale ityala jikelele. Le ezincinane ntetho aluchaphazeli uhlobo ilizwi, kunye nentsingiselo yalo ezingacacanga ukuze amagama anokusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo kunye nemixholo. isicelo ukufa Lilonke kukho ezimbini:

1. Njengoko isihloko intshukumo, bakhonza ngokusisiseko njengesifundo kwisivakalisi: Isele siphinda- eliphezulu. Yena isecaleni ukuzila.
2. Njengoko into inyathelo, osebenza njenge receiver. Ndamnika ukuba umntu. Wayibiza nathi 4.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba sisibizo, lo mahluko ayinasiphumo. Oku kufana simi ifomu bayo, kwaye iya kuba ngendlela efanayo. Kodwa izimelabizo, imeko yahlukile. On yintoni umsebenzi abawenza, ukuba injongosenzi okanye kwisifundo, nesithomo lwabo luxhomekeke khona. Oku sikubona ngokucacileyo kule mizekelo kule theyibhile.

Apha kule mizekelo ezilula zibonisa umahluko ngokohlobo izimelabizo. Njengoko izibizo, imilo yabo akaguquguquki. Intsingiselo yegama elithi kunye kwawo amanye amagama kwisivakalisi, thina ezichaza indawo ngokokulandelelana kwamagama. Lo mba kwenza IsiNgesi enye ilula ukufunda. Ukongeza umyalelo ezisekiweyo magama naye isalathandawo, ezinceda ukuqonda indima edlala kwisivakalisi okanye isibizo.

Umzekelo:

• Ngongoma zenze ukuba kube ngemela. Benza loo nto ngemela. Isalathandawo lokunceda ukuchaza umsebenzi elithi "imela" ngokuchanekileyo.
• Yena uya esikolweni. Yena uya esikolweni. ukuba isimelabizo kunceda ukutolika ukusetyenziswa kwegama elithi "isikolo".

bunini

bethetha engaphezulu malunga inani lamatyala ngolwimi IsiNgesi, sibheka kuzo wesibini amatyala - ukulawula. Kakade ukusuka igama kucacile ukuba umbuzo uphendula athi: kabani? kabani? kabani? kabani? kwiimo ezikhethekileyo bunini zisetyenziselwa ukubhekisela isimelabizo:

Oku kunjalo xa kufikwa izimelabizo. Enye umfanekiso evela izibizo. Apha kukho ezimbini iinketho yokuvakalisa banikwa case:

1. Ukusetyenziswa isakhi kunye -s nesiphelo.
2. Ukusetyenziswa isimelabizo ngayo.

Ukuba noun ziyaphila, apha lalisebenzisa ukhetho lokuqala. Umzekelo, ibhegi kama - ibhegi sikanina, incwadi umzalwana - ncwadi lomzalwana, njl Ngelo xesha nye ikhonco ibonisa ukuba ekabani ... Ukuba lesibizo abaphili, ngoko sebenzisa ukhetho lokuqala ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye kufuneka inkxaso njengesizathu, ezifana: emnyango igumbi - emnyango gumbi, inxalenye yebali - iqhekeza imbali, njalo-njalo ..

lokufa iimpawu

Ukuqhubeka ukuxoxa mangaphi amatyala e IsiNgesi, asifanele silibale malunga awohluke ngaphandle, nto idume ulwimi IsiNgesi. Ngoko ke, kukho ezinye bokuqonda, ukuba ugcine engqondweni:

• ukuba ilizwi iquka iinxalenye ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu, nesiphelo bunini idityaniswe kuphela yokugqibela: itikiti odlulayo akanankathalo yi kaThixo - indlela odlulayo itikiti;
• Ukuba le fomu alibhekiseli kwenye, yaye amagama ambalwa, ngoko ke ukuphela longezelelwe ekupheleni kwesivakalisi: uyise igumbi sikanina - oomama igumbi kunye oyise;
• ukuba lesibizo isininzi, inokongezwa kuyo kuphela ikhonco: isidlo oodade '- noodade sasemini.

ngaphandle

Kukho iqela lamagama engaphiliyo, nto leyo ukusebenzisa -s isiphelo bunini:

• amanyathelo ixesha nomgama: ibhasi yanamhlanje - ibhasi namhlanje;
• mzi, ilizwe: kushishino Russian kaThixo - koshishino Russia;
• amaphephandaba, imibutho: imoto OBSCE ngayo - imoto le OSCE;
• mazwi: uhlanga, ilizwe, nomzi, idolophu , inqanawa, imoto, iphenyane, indalo, amanzi, ulwandle;
• kweenyanga, namaxesha: ubusika xa imozulu - ebusika sezulu;
• planets: Ukukhanya Jupiter kaThixo - ukukhanya kaZeyus;
• amabinzana kwakhiwa.

Ethetha loo, mangaphi amatyala e IsiNgesi, inani ngaphandle kufuneka ziqwalaselwe kakhulu. Yeyona ngongoma ibalulekileyo. Ngapha koko, wonke umntu uyazi akukho kubalulekile ukufunda imigaqo, njengoko umnyinyiva.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezalathandawo

Kwakhona IsiNgesi affixes izalathandawo uncedo express practical. Kukho ezinye izizathu kakhulu zithandwa ebonisa ixabiso dative kunye ablative.

• Isalathandawo kuyo. Oku kubonisa indlela isenzo kwaye edlulisela dative: Uya uMike. Yena uya uMike.
• Isalathandawo nayo. Isetyenziswa ukubonisa ukusetyenziswa isixhobo okanye into, kwaye edlulisela ablative: Yena wabulawa ngemela. Yena wabulawa ngemela.
• Isimelabizo ngu. Ukwacacisa ngubani okanye yintoni na intshukumo kwenzeka: Babona ibhegi olwenziwe ngumntu umntu. Bayibona ingxowa olwaluthwele ndoda.

Njengoko ubona, ngoncedo lamaqhinga ezilula loo ntetho IsiNgesi kunokwenzeka ukudlulisa yonke ingcaciso efanelekileyo ngombhalo ngomlomo.