Marginality - yinto inkalo ikhona nayiphi na yoluntu?

Namhlanje, ngakumbi kwaye kaninzi uyakwazi uve abameli elite enomgangatho marginality njenge abanawo - kwintlekele yoqoqosho lwale mihla kunye nezopolitiko. Kodwa oko ukuthini eli gama? Ukuba marginality - na isiphumo ungquzulwano kunye nezithethe ezikhoyo zentlalo, indlela yokulwa kwaye ukuba ufuna ukwenza oku?

Kubonakala, marginality - isihloko ezimkhathazayo neengcali imi- 20-kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Naluphi ngexesha ekuthiwa abafuduki esafudukela North America, ayaba nako kufana kunye subculture yasekuhlaleni. Kamva, isigama marginality waba isicelo abantu abangenamakhaya shaggy inkunkuma eselumelwaneni, kwaye igcisa ngokwasengqondweni kunye nembonakalo simahla ubomi.

Ukukhokela kwabantu American Robert Park kwexesha wathetha impembelelo zemfuduko ekomelezeni yokungakhathali phakathi kwinginginya yabantu. Namhlanje marginality - phawu elidla kunganxulunyaniswa kulutsha namhlanje, nto leyo ngokuxhomekeke kwimimiselo nemigangatho eyamkelekileyo kunye nezithethe, kodwa kwakhona oku ukumela eyakho. Kodwa ke ngoku nje kuphela, kodwa ke amanye amalungu oluntu. Ngoko sinokuthi ukuba marginality - a isenzeko lwentlalo-psychological leyo sizalwa na kuluntu.

Uncwadi ngalo mba, ezi ndidi zilandelayo zeziganeko:

• strukturanaya okanye ngokwasentlalweni;
• zenkcubeko okanye ethno nenkcubeko;
• iindima abekelwa kwezentlalo.

Abaphengululi Modern benza ekufundeni yintoni unobangela lamaqela musa andivumelani nale ndlela ekhoyo izithethe zentlalo. Kukho iindlela ezimbini ezisisiseko ukubaqononondisa lo mmangaliso. Abantu abakwazi ukwamkela eqhelekileyo ngenxa yokuba kuluntu ngalo mzuzu kukho iinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo zentlalo, kananjalo nangenxa iimpawu zabo kwengqondo.

A. Fardzh, umzekelo, wathi ukujongelwa phantsi zabemi sisiphumo ungquzulwano phakathi izithethe zentlalo azalwa kwiinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ungquzulwano okunjalo kwenzeka xa kukho ukungena nokuphuma yokufuduka ebalulekileyo. Akumka abathutha nje ayikwazi ngokutsha kwaye amkele ngokupheleleyo indlela entsha yokuziphatha ezibonakala amazwe. Fardzh mncane azibize abantu abangakwaziyo siphila kwimeko yazo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba ube nje kuphela basemzini kodwa abantu abaphulukene le yesiqhelo ubume ekuhlaleni. Brighton Beach, kunye Chinatown kwi US kwisixeko esikhulu of New York - ukuba nje uluntu oluhlelelekileyo abo abafuni kwaye musa ukuthatha imiyalelo, yamkelwa kweli lizwe. Baqhubekeka bephila njengoko isetyenziswa, kodwa kwilizwe labo elitsha.

Kwiminyaka 90 yenkulungwane lokugqibela kwiklasi eyodwa abagxothiweyo eluntwini Russian. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho abameli "bottom lwentlalo", yaye 'Russian omtsha ". Ngalinye kula maqela aba izimvo zabo ngayo ubomi, wemidla kunye neemfuno, ezahlukileyo nto ibalasele ngamandla kukuba ukusuka wemidla kunye neemfuno abakumgangatho ophakathi.