Mariana Trench

Mariana Trench, okanye njengoko ibizwa ngokuba, i-Mariana Trench ithathwa kwindawo kunazo zonke yaye wefilosofi kulo mhlaba. Le izibonelelo zejografi eyaziwayo zinzulu kakhulu i-Pacific Ocean. kangakanani na malunga neekhilomitha ezilishumi elinambini ukuba ngqo, oko ilingana 10994 ± 40 m. I-Mariana Trench ifumaneka ukuya kumzantsi-mpuma Mariana Islands (11 ° 21'0 "N kunye 142 ° 12'0" E ), ubude, emikhumbini - 2926 km, yaye ububanzi bottom - 1 ukuya kwisi-5 km. Xa emazantsi kwisiqithi Guam mariana leziqithi, umgama 320 km, ebhalwe kwindawo Owona kumkhombe - Challenger Deep. Le ukudakumba ibekwe kwindawo wokujoyina Pacific Philippine ziitectonic plates kummandla kumgca lityala.

Kukwazi emazantsi Mariana Trench

Umntu umngeni uhlobo semvelo kunye Mariana Trench, wayexakekile. January 23, 1960. Abantu bokuqala bambiza phantsi ukuya emazantsi eli isitya omkhulu. braves Couple waba waseMelika Navy uLieutenant Don Walsh-nzulu ZhakPikar. Kunye bathyscaphe "Trieste" bakwazi ukwehlela kubunzulu kweemitha 10918. Kwathi kanti, nangona kule ubunzulu kukho ubomi - abaphandi Akumangalisi wafumana intlanzi tyaba, ukuya kwi-30 cm, imbonakalo yawo efana flounder.

Ekupheleni kweyoKwindla 1995 kwi-probe Mariana Trench laphehlelelwa Kaiko-Japanese imveliso. Wafika ke kubunzulu entsha kweemitha 10911,4 wathabatha iisampuli, izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa foraminifera - ezilula eziphilayo.

Kwiminyaka emine emva koko, emazantsi esemseleni wawakhotha ukuya kubunzulu eziimitha 10902, waziphosa isithuthi kwamanzi 'uNere »(uNere). Eli xesha, ukongeza kuqokelelwe iisampulu intlenga, kwaba kuyenzeka ukuba wenze ividiyo uthabathe imifanekiso embalwa.

Dzheyms Kemeron, umvelisi waseKhanada ukuba wathabatha yobuciko ezifana "Titanic," "Avatar," "The terminator," "Aliens", Matshi 26, 2012 ngomhla ngwenya kunye negama abanekratshi Deepsea iChallenge, ifikelele "Challenger Nzulu ', ngokuba ngumntu wesithathu babenobuganga behle ukuya kubunzulu enje. Ukusuka apho Ndahlala bhanya 3D, apho wakhonza isiseko ngenxa yenzululwazi amaxwebhu eliboniswe Channel «National Geographic».

Apho, kakhulu, kukho ubomi

Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba Mariana Trench kunokuba isitshixo ngokwenzeka imvelaphi ngayo ubomi emhlabeni, mhlawumbi kude. Ngenxa mission anzongonzongo-ulwandle Dzheymsa Kemerona, yaba wazi iintlobo ezintsha engaqhelekanga zobomi.

Ndafumanisa ukuba ukongeza iintsholongwane kunye microorganisms afumaneka emazantsi kumkhombe imihlaza, rhizomes, izilwanyana gastropod, ezingenamqolo kunye kwiqokobhe ngenxa ngechitin nkqu neentlanzi, ekwaziyo ukubetha amazinyo ezinkulu, amehlo ukujikeleza kumacala angafaniyo kunye ameva ezibukhali endaweni amaphiko. Emazantsi Megalodon amazinyo nazo zifumaneka - ukrebe giant kokubhalwa kwembali. Kukholelwa ukuba amabamba unjengengwenya ububanzi kwafikelela kangangeemitha ezi-2, ubude baso baba 24 m, kwaye ubunzima - malunga nekhulu iitoni ...

Emazantsi lweHo-, umkhosi uxinzelelo leyo 1100 amaxesha ngaphezu umoya kunesiqhelo, ngokoqobo lubanzi iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, apha kulapho iingcambu na ukutya efihlakeleyo - abo ukuba ukubaleka iinkqubo imichiza ngenxa apho kwakukho umhlaba, kunye, mhlawumbi ubomi ezingeyonzalelwane yalapha, kwaye ngaphakathi kwemida langa.

Kunyaka odlulileyo, izazinzulu baselwandle udale imephu-ntathu kwintsele yolwandle kwaye ngoku uluvo olungcono uhlobo koko Mariana Trench. Photo neevidiyo, elifunyenwe yokuntywila ne-satellite ngethemba ekugqibeleni izazinzulu ukugcwalisa iindawo elingabhalwanga kwimbali Umhlaba.