Nani Political Heydar Aliyev: engobomi, iimpawu imisebenzi kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Aliev Geydar Alireza oglu (wazalwa 05/10/23 e Nakhichevan, Azerbaijan - 12.12.03 wafa e Cleveland, USA) - laseburhulumenteni Azerbaijani, eminyaka engama-30 iye yaba yenye abapolitiki inelona futhe likhulu lizwe nje namasekela-sihlalo Republican KGB, Republican uNobhala iqela Communist kunye nomongameli ingcinezelo yaye ngegqudu of Azerbaijan elizimeleyo.

Oyile kunye Nagorno-Karabakh

Heydar Aliyev, sigqityiwe eneminyaka engama-80 ogama biography, wayeyintloko Azerbaijan ukususela 1969 (nge break ezimfutshane) de Oktobha 2003 kwaye sele baguqulwe evela kwinkokeli party Brezhnev era kwi ngobubele ababusi Western. Ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe ukukhunjulwa iziganeko ezimbini: ukuthengiswa oyile lweCaspian (kunye "Contract sokuvalelwa yeNkulungwane ') kwaye ungquzulwano kunye neArmenia phezu kummandla bebangisana of Nagorno-Karabakh - eyayigquba ngaphakathi Azerbaijan kunye uninzi lwabemi Armenian.

Njengoko umongameli we likarhulumente elizimeleyo Aliyev kulinywa umfanekiso wenguquko. Noko ke, uya kukhumbula ukuba njengoko umntu eyakhokela ilizwe ukuba bahloniphe amalungelo oluntu, apho urhwaphilizo ngokubanzi baqalisa ukunxiba esemthethweni.

Heydar Aliyev: biography

Ubuzwe - Azerbaijani. Unyana umqeshwa kaloliwe Aliyev wazalelwa Nakhichevan, lo exclave Azerbaijani eArmenia. Waphumelela mntu ngembali Baku State University kwandule Institute Industrial. Kwixesha eliphakathi 1941 no 1944 Aliyev wazuza ukubambelela yezopolitiko isithuba igosa eliphezulu Communist Party kowabo. Ekuqaleni umsebenzi wakhe, yena wasinda ukugxothwa kuye emva nezityholo zokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo usecicini kuvotwe nje omnye.

igama lakhe nesikhundla Aliyev ifumene iKGB, ekuphumeni ke enyuselwa beNkonzo Security Azerbaijan State iminyaka engamashumi amabini phambi kokuba abe ngusekela intloko zombutho 1964 yaza yakhokelela kwiminyaka emithathu kamva.

Ngowe-1969, Heydar Aliyev wamiselwa unobhala yokuqala Communist Party of Azerbaijan. Biography inkokeli kwiriphabliki ngo-1982, enobutyebi isiganeko wokukhulisa wakhe njengelungu epheleleyo Politburo of the CPSU Committee Central. Aliyev ndandilumkile gqitha xa usebenza nge umxhasi wakhe waza waba ngomnye namahlakani akhe abasenyongweni. Ukuze kotyelelo Brezhnev ukuba Baku ngo-1982, umzekelo, wazakhela ibhotwe ukusetyenziswa lobuqu nguNobhala-Jikelele. kwakukho Inkokeli Soviet ubusuku ezimbini, emva koko bhotwe yavalwa.

ihlazo

Ukuqeshwa uMikhail Gorbachev njengenkokeli yiSoviet ngo-1985 kwaphawula utshintsho elibukhali kwi isiphelo yezopolitiko Aliyev. Livumba amaphepha iqumrhu eshicilelweyo Central Committee CPSU, "PRAVDA" ngokuba ukonakala ngexesha ngokutsha, waba ngomnye amaxhoba yokuqala - yabalindi endala. Ngowe-1987, Gorbachev ebeze esihlalweni sakhe kwi Politburo, kwaye kunyanzeleke ukuba zirhoxe post yakhe njengentloko Communist Party of Azerbaijan. Kwakubonakala ukuba umsebenzi wakhe, wayiphatha. Kungekudala kokuba umfazi wakhe wafa Geydara Alieva.

nkqubo Biography kwakhona edibene Nakhichevan - kukho, kwisixeko lweenkobe lwakhe, kunye Heydar lweMedia okwexeshana. Ngowe-1990, kunye nobuqili bakhe luphawu yezopolitiko Aliyev warhoxa Communist Party, kuthiwa kuqhankqalazo iziganeko Black January, xa amatanki Soviet afika Baku zamajoni abaninzi babulawa.

ukuzimela

nkqubo kubuya kwandiswa ngokuntywiliselwa ngokukhawuleza Azerbaijan kwiNtetho kaMongameli isiphithiphithi lwangaphakathi ukususela inkululeko ngo-1991 kwaye ukusilela ekuphumezeni uloyiso okhawulezileyo Nagorno-Karabakh. Ngowe-1992, Abulfaz Elchibey, inkokeli Popular Front, awonisa intshukumo inkululeko, waba ngumongameli wokuqala zinyulwe ngokwedemokhrasi, kodwa wayeyinkokeli buthathaka.

Umyalelo ayikwazanga zibuyiselwe, kunye Heydar Aliyev wacelwa ukuba ukuxhasa urhulumente in Baku. nkqubo Biography wajika elibukhali umva. Xa ngoJuni 1993 Elchibey kwanyanzeleka ukuba babaleke elikomkhulu, emva kokuba lika lokuzama, Aliev waba ngumongameli olibambela. Wahlabela mgama ukujongana mdibi ukuthintela imfazwe yamakhaya, yaye yaqinisekiswa njengentloko lizwe nge-zimvo ebibanjwe ngo-Oktobha ka nyaka.

Head of State

Lakhula laba kwisigaba wamagazi phantsi Aliyev Karabakh imfazwe. Xa weza igunya, Armenia Wazomeleza kwizikhundla zabo kummandla ndawo Azerbaijan, kodwa izenzo wamajoni, ungenziwa. NgoDisemba 1993, kwakhona Aliyev baqala ukubathwala ngaphandle ngokupheleleyo-isikali usebenze kanzima, yathatha iinyanga ezili-18. Yaba ngeli xesha baphulukana wamaxhoba 30,000 zemfazwe. Ngenxa ngqu 750.000 Azerbaijani banyanzelwa ukuba bashiye amakhaya abo.

Aliyev waba esusiwe kwabachasi zakhe zezopolitiko. Wazomeleza amandla akhe, ebeka kwizikhundla ezingundoqo abahlobo bakhe Nakhichevan. Nangona ukunganeliseki ukhula kunye norhulumente ngokusilela balo ukuba bafumane isisombululo kule ngxaki Nagorno Karabakh okanye ukumelana neziphumo zentlalo noqoqosho imfazwe, nangona urhwaphilizo rhoqo amagosa, Aliyev ibisoloko yakwazi ukuba kude ngokwayo ukusuka ukunganeliseki yoluntu. Ngo-Oktobha 1998, uphinde wonyulwa-nkqubo nge 76% ye kwivoti, ngelixa amaqela aphikisayo kunye ababukeleyo ngamazwe ziye zabuza ukuba semthethweni isiphumo.

geopolitics

Aliev waba inqala ngendlela kwezibonelelo yeoli oLwandle lweCaspian, kwakunye yokuba ubuchule uhambe ngendlela maze inzima kakhulu neAfrika Caucasus, ungqinile iCEO yeQumrhu zakhe zezopolitiko. Relations kunye United States neNtshona yeYurophu ubonakalise kokusayina isivumelwano 1997 kunye International Oil Consortium, eyanika iinkampani asentshona isabelo esikhulu kuLwandle lweCaspian. Sibambisane yamaRefa ioli angaphandle, neziqapheleka kunye "British Petroleum", Aliyev waba ngomnye mpembelelo zamandla okuqhuba kuphuhliso yalo mbhobho Baku-Ceyhan yombhobho, leyo ijolise ukuthutha ioli lweCaspian kwi West nge eGeorgia ne Turkey.

Le projekthi Mcetywa eyomelezile ubudlelwane bumuncu kunye eMoscow, kodwa intloko Azerbaijan wakwazi ukuphepha ikhefu ngokupheleleyo. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwala mazwe mabini aba kwinqanaba elisezantsi ngexesha ngumongameli Borisa Eltsina, kodwa xa amandla eRashiya lifikile iziqu iKGB, Vladimir Putin, Heydar Aliyev, naye enxulumene nale mbutho ogama ngobomi wakwazi ukuseka ubudlelwane. Oziphethe kwakhona ijolise ekudaleni obuhle gqitha eTurkey. Relations ne Iran, leyo likhaya 14 ezigidi. Azerbaijani Ubuhlanga ngokuphandle inkxaso eArmenia, ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe, ngokuthe ngcembe ababhubhayo.

kwakuphela

Aliev abazange bathathe inxaxheba kunyulo ngo-Oktobha 2003, becaphula impilo enkenenkene. Yaba ngokulandelelana lokuqala dynastic kwelo lalisakuba yiSoviet Union, xa umongameli ngunyana wakhe Ilham. OSCE uthe Ivoti akazange ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe, ilandelwe yi noqhankqalazo.

Nangona Aliyev ebhekiselela nemeko yempilo yabo, akukho nto ukubonisa ukonakala kweendlela ingqondo. Wahlala ukuya ekupheleni inani ezibukhali banokuqonda.

12.12.03 wafa inganga yabantu Azerbaijani Aliev Geydar Alievich. nkqubo Biography yaphazamiseka kwi kwiKliniki Cleveland e US. Heydar wangcwatyelwa komnye Alley Uzuko in Baku.

Heydar Aliyev: biography, usapho

Ngowe-1948, oziphethe elizayo watshata Zarifa Aziz. October 12, 1955 baba intombi Sevil, yaye ngoDisemba 24, 1961, unyana Ilham. Abantwana asinda uyise. Umfazi wakhe, a zamehlo edumileyo, unjingalwazi, academician of the Academy of Sciences Azerbaijan, wabulawa ngumhlaza ngo-1985.

Uzwilakhe pro-Western

Isibakala sokuba igosa endala eKGB yaba kakhulu pro-British imisiwe, kwakubangelwa ubukhulu becala indima ebalulekileyo ukuze ndizuze kwi Azerbaijan inkampani "British Petroleum". Amabhongo ekuguquleni zigcine oyile negesi kweli lizwe kwemali yayo yophuhliso ixhomekeke kakhulu yombhobho nge Georgia and Turkey, apho iRussia waziva akukho lihlombe.

ubomi iminyaka elikhulu elinamanci eyadlulayo, Baku nengeniso oyile yehlabathi, kwaye ezinye uzuko ezilahlekileyo kwakhona namhlanje. Ukuvulwa zolondolozo olutsha nolukhulu wavumela Aliyev ukuphumeza, ubuncinane ukuya komkhulu, iqondo elithile ukuchuma, kulandele zongcoliseko olwandeleyo kubuyiswe kwezopolitiko. Unyana wakhe inkxaso kweli futhe inkqubela kwezoqoqosho.

Ukuqwalasela oko ngabantu esingaqhelekanga yesikolo omdala yiSoviet ukuba Aliev Geydar Alireza, kwincwadi engobomi bakhe ethi, equlethe kuwo ubuncinane isiqingatha oko wayesazi, ange wenza igalelo elibalulekileyo kwindlela esiliqonda ngayo ixesha, nto leyo ebonakala kude.

bamxolele

Aliyev wawongwa Inani lamabhaso kunye iimbasa, amabhaso ngamazwe, onyuliweyo ugqirha obekekileyo amaziko emfundo ephakamileyo kumazwe amaninzi.

Yena izihlandlo ezihlanu bazukiswa Order of Lenin, i-Order of the Red Star ifumene, iimbasa ezininzi, kunye neembasa bamazwe angaphandle. Yena kabili imbasa kwisihloko Hero ye Socialist Yabasebenzi.

Ngowe-1997, Aliyev wawongwa Order Ukrainian liphezulu Yaroslava Mudrogo ngo-1999 wamkela Turkish Ataturk Peace Prize kunye isihloko Wawongwa Professor of Moscow State University.

Ngowe-2003, Aliyev wonyulwa unjingalwazi ilungu ngokupheleleyo Academy of Security, uKhuselo kunye nezithethe zomthetho imiba Russian Federation. Yena wawongwa Order of Andropov kunye Andreya Pervozvannogo.

Ngo-2004, yayiyilwe yi Geydara Alieva Foundation. Biography laseburhulumenteni, elungiswe yi-Institute of History of the Academy of Sciences Azerbaijan, yapapashwa ngowe-2013.