Neutrophils abamnkela egazini: iqhelekile kwabasetyhini, amadoda kunye nabantwana

Neutrophils lelona qela leukocytes kakhulu ezininzi umsebenzi wayo ophambili ukulwa iintsholongwane kunye amagciwane yayintsholongwane eyosulela leyo ukugqobhoza emzimbeni womntu. Ngokungafaniyo iiseli ezibomvu kunye zegazi, neutrophils abe inucleus. Neutrophils ziveliswa wamathambo, yaye ngokuxhomekeke kubudala ezinobukhulu obahlukileyo kunye nokumila ngumongo.

iintlobo neutrophils

Ngokutsho neqondo ngokobudala neutrophils zibe maqela alandelayo;

• Myeloblasts - "usana" weeseli stem - kuvimba umthombo nokuvuthwa neutrophil.
• Promyelocytes - ezinkulu, iseli ngeenxa zonke, imali leyo kuhlala phantse ngokupheleleyo engundoqo.
• Myelocytes - promyelocytes noko ezincinane, sibe engundoqo rhoqo imilo ajikelezayo kunye ndizayo ashinyeneyo.
• Metamyelocytes - ezincinane ngaphezu myelocytes engundoqo ngokumila zezintso.
• neutrophils Palochkoyaderye - abe engundoqo encinane side engavumelekanga, uninzi iiseli azele kukho icytoplasm.
• neutrophils abamnkela - ezahlukileyo intonga-ezifana neutrophil sibale ifomu kuphela ngumongo, nto leyo ithi yahlulwe ngokwamacandelo. Ubukhulu ukuliphi kukho icytoplasm kwezi ntlobo zimbini ze neutrophils ngokulinganayo.

neutrophils Imisebenzi abamnkela

neutrophils abamnkela kuphela iiseli abaqolileyo, yaye babe nesabelo likhulu leukocytes zizonke. Ekubeni ubuchule ukuhambisa kuphela umsinga igazi, kodwa ukungena eludongeni isitya ngokusebenzisa outgrowths udonga ezikhethekileyo - "imilenze", abamnkela neutrophils zomzimba inkqubela ukuya kummandla ochaphazelekayo, kwaye iqhawulwa ngamagciwane zabo kukho icytoplasm. Emva kokuba "ukuhlaselwa" neutrophils kufa, kodwa ubuncwane uphawu okhethiweyo namanye amaqela iiseli kwi indawo usuleleko, kunye lomongo wethambo - imfuneko ukuphuhlisa myeloblasts abaselula kakhulu.

neutrophils abamnkela egazini. UNorma - yintoni na?

Xa omdala esempilweni abamnkela neutrophils mlinganiselo 47% -75% yenani lilonke neutrophils, inani neutrophils ndihlatywe ayidluli 6%. Lo mahluko enkulu kungenxa xenga semilo band kunye nokuvuthwa yayo ngokukhawuleza neutrophils abaqolileyo.

Le eqhelekileyo. neutrophils abamnkela egazini idlala indima ebalulekileyo. Maxa wambi wasebenzisa indicator ngokuphelele neutrophils, leyo isusela kwiiseli 1000 ukuya 7500 microliter plasma ngamnye (kubhalwe amawaka leeseli ilitha nganye - 1,0-7,5 x 109 / L). Amadoda nabafazi kwiiseli indices amhlophe kufuneka iiyantlukwano bomntwana, ukuba ezihambelana kwinqanaba mpilo, iiseli ezibomvu, hematocrit.

E ngokulinganisela ngokuhlaselwa ezosulelayo kwi imisebenzi ibakhusela mzimba kuphela neutrophils inxaxheba abamnkela, iifom abanye abaselula baqhubeke abaqolileyo kwi umongo kunye abangekhoyo egazini. Nangona kunjalo, xa kwimeko nakujoliso olutsha ebanzi sifo, xa kukho inani elikhulu neutrophils abaqolileyo ngokukhawuleza uyafa, kwaye akukho nexesha niwuzalise kuhlanganiswa, inkqubo yokunqanda usuleleko kunye neutrophils bezingekavuthwa ukuqhagamshela izigaba ezine lokugqibela.

Ngokushicilela neutrophils amanyathelo ukusuka myelocytes ukuya abamnkela ngasekhohlo, wbc kusenokwenzeka ukuba ushiye shift xa yegazi eyonyukileyo inani neutrophils "abaselula" okanye ekunene xa ngaphezu umbundu ke leukocytes abaqolileyo.

degree of neutrophilia

Ukwandisa umgangatho neutrophils abamnkela kwi plasma yegazi kuthiwa neutrophilia okanye neutrophils. Oku kungenxa yokuba lo ummiselo yoniwa abamnkela egazini ngamadoda nabafazi. Wona neutrocytosis kubonisa inqanaba ezaneleyo sifo lomzimba ukukwazi kwayo ukumelana ukumelana iintsholongwane ezibangela izifo, ngokutsho kwinqanaba koogqirha pre ukuhlola iqondo ngezifo kwesi sifo.

Kukho degrees ezintathu neutrophilia:

• ngcathu, xa inqanaba neutrophils luyanda ukuya 6.0 -7.0 ukuya kwi-10;
• olunzulu - isalathi ka 10.0 ukuya 20,0;
• nolahlo ngokubanzi, ukuba lidlula 20,0.

neutrophilia zilinganisele kuluhlu 8.0-8.5 ngomlinganiselo namanye amaqela iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi akuthethi ibonisa ubukho sifo. Oku kunokubangelwa umthambo ngokugqithiseleyo, uxinezeleko yengqondo-iimvakalelo, uxinezeleko, kukuzingxala, umjikelo sexesheni kwabasetyhini. Kwakhona shift indlela leukocyte ukuya ekhohlo kunokubonwa emva sisifo esosulelayo, apho igazi iphoselwe ngentsalela 'abaselula "neutrophils, ezithi ke ngoko similise uhlobo oqolileyo abamnkela. shift lungelo zenzeka kwiimeko zemithi ukopha, ukutofelwa igazi, kwiintlobo ezithile kwegazi.

Izinto ezibangela neutrophilia kubantu abadala

Olubanzi level neutrophilia kwabenza zinto izifo. Kusenokuba usulelo ezahlukeneyo zale iphecana bokuphefumla wokuchama, iphecana zesisu namalungu. inqanaba neutrophilia ngokubanzi kwenzeka xa ithi necrotic ezigcinwe ngokungachanekanga kogonyo, netyhefu kabi iikhemikhali okanye utywala, izifo oncological.

Ukwanda iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi abasetyhini ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Xa kuqala ukukhulelwa, uninzi abafazi baye ukwanda jikelele in white cell wegazi. Xa ukukhulelwa kwangethuba ibangelwa kubangelwa kwimveku awafuneki. Emva koko, ubunzima inani lilonke leucocytes leyo izinze kwi-20% ngaphezu abaqhelekileyo kwi umlinganiselo othile zonke iintlobo neutrophils ngaphakathi kwimida omdala. Ngamanye amaxesha amabhinqa yokumitha inokuba kuba ukutshintshwa umlinganiselo njenge eqhelekileyo abamnkela egazini besifazane kunye nokwanda neutrophils band. Kulo mzekelo ukufunda eliseleyo igazi, nkovu, umchamo ukuba ukubona ubukho ezimbi. Ukuba ngaba kufunyenwe utyeshelo olumandla, ukutshintsha okunjalo kungabonisa amathuba kwesisu, umfazi bangazilibali uxilongo olunzulu kunye kweliso ngoogqirha.

Izinto ezibangela neutropenia

Ukunciphisa inqanaba neutrophils kuthiwa neutropenia ngaphantsi kunesiqhelo, kwaye kukho, njengoko umthetho, ngenxa yezizathu ezintathu eziphambili:

1. Kwisehlo sezifo yintsholongwane kunye wentsholongwane egazini, ezifana nesifo sokuphunza, imasisi, rubella, hepatitis, xa umzimba bahlaselwa inani elikhulu lee-arhente yayintsholongwane eyosulela lokulwa elo wathabatha leukocytes ezininzi kakhulu.
2. IsiZukulwana esiZuziweyo kwemithombo lomongo wethambo yabangela inhibition kwemisebenzi neutrophil yokuqaphela. Oku kubangelwa ukusetyenziswa imithi enamandla - immunosuppressive, iintlungu, ichemotherapy, ukuba sesichengeni sosasazeko lwemitha xa sesichengeni kunye radiotherapy.
3. Uphuhliso kwezifo igazi - wegazi, ianemia, ukunqongophala nokoyika iivithamini kunye folic acid. Xa unyango lwamachiza enjalo antiviral ezifana ribavirin kunye interferon, kunciphise amanqanaba neutrophil waphawula ngo-90% of ezithatha ichiza.

neutrophils abamnkela okwehlileyo kunokubangela neutropenia. Njengoko neutrophilia, neutropenia unokuba degrees ezintathu ubungnqongqo. Ngamazinga rhoqo 1.0 - 1.5 uthathwa neutropenia wobulali. Ukuba izikhombisi ngaphantsi 1.0 no 0.5 - banesifo eliphakathi kwaye yababuhlungu neutropenia, ngokulandelelana.

Noko ke, akusoloko incitshiswe kwinqanaba neutrophils ibonisa yezigulo okanye ukungaqheleki zophendlo lwezifo emzimbeni. Ngokutsho imithombo eyahlukeneyo, ukuya kwi-30% yabantu Russia iye yaqhubeka neutropenia ingozi kuqala okanye isidanga sesibini ngesantya zonke ezinye indices igazi. Kwakhona, kukho inani elincinane labantu kuwa kwinqanaba neutrophils ekuthethwa nokungazinzi koqoqosho ngamnye.

neutrophils abamnkela okwehlileyo iyingozi kakhulu ukuba eziphilayo. Unyango kufuneka wenziwe neytropii ukuxilongwa nangoko, ekubeni imeko enjalo kunokukhokelela ukothuka ityhefu okanye ukufa. Ngaphandle igazi epheleleyo ubale ukuchonga neutropenia kunzima kuba iimpawu zayo ziyafana abaninzi ebangelwa ezahlukeneyo nezinye izifo. Ngokutsho uhlalutyo haematologist ngokuchanileyo hlalutya ukwakhiwa esemgangathweni iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe kunye neminye imiqondiso kunye nokuqaphela ubuzaza ezingaqhelekanga.

neutrophils abamnkela egazini: sisithethe ebantwaneni

Abantwana Iimpawu leukocyte kwahluka standards abadala. Ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha lobomi, la manani ukuhla mikhulu. Ngoko ke, kumyinge we 47-75% womntu omdala, usana olusanda kuzalwa ine kwinqanaba neutrophils abamnkela ukusuka 45 ukuya 80%, abantwana ukuya kunyaka-1 - 15-45%, abantwana abaminyaka ukususela kunyaka-1 ukuya kwiminyaka-12 - 25-62% e elivisayo - 40-60%. Ke idla abamnkela kwi inqanaba umntwana ophilileyo sinozinzo kuluhlu eqhelekileyo, kunye agwaze kuncitshiswa ukusuka kwi-17% ukuya 5-6% eqhelekileyo.

Ingaba unomdla isalathisi "neutrophils abamnkela egazini mntwana 'eqhelekileyo? Le theyibhile ibonisa oku ngokucacileyo.

Isizathu sokuba lo mahluko yaba yamagazi oonyana yinkqubo ukubunjwa sifo, leyo ifike kwinqanaba eyiyeyona kuphela ebudaleni. Ngelo xesha wokuzalwa yomzimba komntwana ivavanywa omninzi ntshikilelo, ngoko ukwakha isithintelo yokhuselo, ndibangela neutrophils ezincinane kwiinyanga zokuqala zobomi. Kamva, lomongo wethambo Noko ke, akuzange kodwa aphuhliswe ngokupheleleyo ebangela kwinqanaba ubuncinane ukukhusela neutrophils abamnkela ngeqondo eliphezulu band.

Neutrophilia yabantwana kuxhokonxwa kogonyo kutshanje, oko kukuthi uphawu oluvumelanayo losuleleko olufanelekileyo omzimba. Kwakhona ukunyusa umgangatho neutrophils esinokubakho ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kunye arhente steroid hormone.

Neutropenia kungenzeka abantwana iphawulwe negazi kwaye anaphylactic, ianemia ngexesha izifo wentsholongwane egazini ukuba buthathaka amajoni omzimba jikelele, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi anticonvulsant kunye iintlungu, ukutyhefa yi imichiza.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, isipho esikhethekileyo abantwana neutropenia ingakufuni ukuya kwiminyaka-5, le neutrophils abamnkela zibuyele esiqhelweni, kodwa kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba iintsana anjalo ukuncipha kwentshukumo imikhuhlane izifo wentsholongwane egazini, kufuneka ukuba ubagcine kuyo nakujoliso olutsha kakhulu lwe gciwane. Emva koko, olusekelwe kucazululo "neutrophils abamnkela egazini", izinga ziya kutyhilwa.

Indlela ukugcina iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi eziqhelekileyo?

kwinqanaba likarhulumente Eqhelekileyo kothotho iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi yi ezahlukeneyo amanyathelo ezijoliswe ekuphuculeni okukwazi jikelele umzimba kunye ukusebenza kweenkqubo metabolic. Kubalulekile kuqala zonke ukuthatha unonophelo yokudla ezikumgangatho ophezulu, nto leyo kufuneka ibe kakhulu imifuno, iziqhamo, ifayibha, ngomlinganiselo lweekhalori, kubalulekile ukuba nditye. Ukunciphisa ubungozi kwezifo ezosulelayo ukunceda logonyo ixesha. Kwaye kumayelana abantwana nje kuphela kodwa abadala, njengokuba namhlanje kukho ezininzi zokugonya ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezahlukeneyo nxamnye kwezifo ezifana ezifana hepatitis, i-meningitis, ngenxa yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo nokudumba, herpes zoster.

Uthintelo ogqibeleleyo usulelo kwaye kukho into ezifana neutrophils abamnkela egazini, izinga apho ibekwe ngasentla, ukuba sinuses zokuhlamba acocekileyo rhoqo okanye amanzi amtyuba, ekubeni zokuhlanjululwa isifo kunye villi kwi izicatshulwa ngeempumlo kwandisa kakhulu umsebenzi zabo zokuzikhusela. Xabisa ezi indlela elula nangempumelelo tempering iinkqubo, uhamba umoya omtsha, umthambo rhoqo. Kufuneka kwakhona athathe amanyathelo okunciphisa oku kuphazamiseka, ukuphelisa iimeko rhoqo uxinezeleko, kubalulekile ukuba ukuthintela ukudinwa ngokusisigxina. Xa ixesha nokoyika njengomkhuhlane kufuneka azame ukuzikhusela bona kunye nabantwana babo ukutyelela iindawo zoluntu, iziganeko.