Noravank isigodlo, Armenia: inkcazelo, imbali kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Kule ndawo emangalisayo eArmenia, Noravank eMonastri, kufuneka utyelele ummi ngamnye weli lizwe. Apha, yonke into ephefumlayo imbali, apho kuya kubakho umdla kubakhenkethi nabasemzini.

Ukuqalisa ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-13 kwisiza kukho iziganeko ezininzi efakwe kwi umlando yokomoya kunye nenkcubeko yabantu Armenian, kwaye elide phambi kokuba imbonakalo zakhiwo sele umiwe ngabantu yaye kwakukho amabandla zamaKristu.

Noravank gorge

Noravank isigodlo eArmenia uphakathi anamandla surreal, kwaye ngezakhiwo ayikho ngaphantsi intle ngaphezu landscape ezingqongileyo. Kuba ngabakhenkethi kule ndawo umdla ukwazi woonongendi yamandulo, imbali yawo, kunye nohlobo engakholelekiyo.

Gorge lisekwa ezikhutshwayo mlilo. Le nendawo enyulu. Kukho ezininzi emiqolombeni, ummilela. Apha ke, izityalo kunye nezilwanyana ezizodwa. Xa gorge kukho roses enqabileyo zasendle, iintlobo ezininzi zeentaka indlwane kunye nehlosi ubomi abaseAfrika, amathanga bat. indawo Natural ekhuselweyo ngurhulumente.

Loo nto inika umdla isihlangu endala yafunyanwa kula nasemaweni liyalondolozwa wenza ngokupheleleyo njengoko izazinzulu, kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-5,000 eyadlulayo, bathi. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, Armenia aye avelisa izihlangu ezomeleleyo, balandela eli siko namhlanje.

Kodwa ezi zintaba ezithandwayo kunye climbers amatye, abakuthandayo apha ukoyisa beendonga nkqo.

A uhambo eyabamangalisayo Noravank

Zininzi iindlela indlela ukufika Noravank yoonongendi eArmenia, apho kufuphi nedolophu Yeghegnadzor. Libizwa ngokuba Amaghu Noravank.

Abakhenkethi eze apha iibhasi zabatyeleli, kwaye nexesha ukuhamba ukusuka Yerevan kwi imoto yakho kuthatha iiyure ezingaphezu kwesinye enesiqingatha. Inxalenye yendlela, malunga-8 km, kolona gorge, kufuphi nomlambo. Apha ime intliziyo kuloyiko nemihlali njengoko kudlula phakathi emaweni ebomvu avule exandekeni. Endleleni, wayesoloko iindawo ezimangalisayo apho ufuna ukuyeka, uphume ukonwabela ubuhle.

Woonongendi inikeza umoya ozolileyo ephefumlelweyo. Kufutshane cafe "Garden-Eden" na umzuzu-5 drive phantsi endleleni.

Imbali ukuvela zakhiwo

Imbali Noravank isigodlo lwayo eArmenia, ibekwe km 120 ukusuka Yerevan, unyanzelekile ukuba Bishop Hovhannes, owandinyulayo le ndawo ukuba kuhle elihle episcopate ngo-1205.

Ngaphambili, kuye khona kwicawa wamandulo ukususela ngelo xesha ezibe ziqhekekile. Igama ezimbaxa kunye iguqulelwe - "New Monastery".

Ubani ehambela ukuba uziva ngamandla akhethekileyo kunye ubabalo kule ndawo, leyo eminyaka mithandazo kuThixo.

Namakhulu amabini elandelayo ukususela kwixesha isiseko baba uphuhliso kunye nempumelelo. ubukhosi Orbelian yasebukhosini, owayelawula ngelo xesha, yasekwa apha yokuhlala wakhe, eMonastri wenza amaziko ezibalulekileyo zokomoya nezenkcubeko ubomi, wakha uhlobo crypt apha. Woonongendi babenolwalama- olusondeleyo Gladzor University kunye namanye amaziko emfundo yelo xesha.

indima Noravank kwimbali Armenia

Armenian Church endulo wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso ubomi zenkcubeko nezopolitiko lizwe, kubomi bokomoya babantu. Nguye Chronicle, ezicaweni oluguqulelweyo bakhuphela ngqangi emininzi. Yamandulo Noravank isigodlo eArmenia, efana nabanye abaninzi, i lesikhumbuzo eyodwa zakhiwo zamaxesha, i baloko ubomi bobuKristu babantu Armenian ngexesha ukwaluphala.

Noravank yaba liziko yokwenene yenkcubeko eArmenia, indawo yakhe bakhetha ukuhlala baze basebenze kakuhle amanani Armenian zamaXesha Aphakathi, leyo kamva wangcwatyelwa apha. Phakathi kwabo - ngumpolitiki abadumileyo kunye nezifundo zonqulo Stepanos Orbelyan, eyona nto idume ngayo iincwadi zakhe, ngokomakhi Momik monastery.

isigodlo Building

Armenia ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-13, wahlaselwa yi-Mongols. Xa woonongendi yaphinda yakhiwa, kuba zibanjwe ngokupheleleyo. Makubulelwe kuphela kukuba inkosana Elikum Orbelian wakwazi ukuba bagqibe isgqibo kunye Aga Khan, ixesha kuzolile de uhlaselo Timurid elandelayo.

Iinyikima nemfazwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo watshabalalisa amabandla kunye nezakhiwo bobugcisa le oluxandileyo, kangangeenkulungwane ibisoloko wachacha.

Izakhiwo kunye nezintsonkothileyo ibandla Noravank

Kukho ibandla elincinane Surb Karapet (St uYohane umbhaptizi), nto leyo yokuqala kwakhiwa woonongendi. Kuye kwakhiwa kwi eko zenkulungwane weshumi yoMntwana Orbelian Lipari. Dome yawo yatshatyalaliswa izihlandlo eziliqela ziinyikima, ixesha elide wama amanxuwa. Idume ukuba umfanekiso engaqhelekanga uThixo uYise. Ibandla liye labuyiselwa kule mali abaxhasi. yingcwele Kamva icawa eqhotyoshelweyo Surb Grigor (St. Gregory).

Ebudeni bolawulo Prince Burtela e Noravank woonongendi eArmenia 1339 lwakwakhiwa uhlobo ibandla-ingcwaba Orbelian Astvatsatsin (Church of ungowokubongwa Virgin Mary).

Kuye migangatho ezimbini, yaye ukuba benyuka ngezinyuko emxinwa ngaphandle izinyeliso eliphezulu imingcipheko ungenzi bonke, ngoko oko kuya kukhokelela indlwana kunye intsimbi. Ngentla komnyango luhle BAS-isiqabu obonisa ungowokubongwa Virgin kunye Umntwana kunye Archangels, kwithanga lolwazi lwe kumgangatho wesibini - kunye noYesu. Oku kubanga umdla isisombululo yayo zobunjineli: lwesakhiwo xa elimile cone kuxhaswa kwimiqolo 12.

khachkars

khachkars Noravank Armenian yayidume ngobuhle obungaqhelekanga, abanye babo anqamka Momik kunye nabafundi bakhe. imisebenzi zakhe baphenjelelwa zizithethe Gothic kunye zoMbindi Mpuma. Bona azinikele ukuvuka kukaKristu, nguMama kaThixo, ukholo ezingcwele.

Khachkars eArmenia idlala indima ekhethekileyo. Le ikonografika yinqobo ngamatye: zenziwe kunye nomfanekiso ka-St George ukunika isibindi amajoni, kunye Virgin uMariya kunye usana uKristu ukuyisikelela indlu kamama. Ukongeza, ukuba nazo ifakiwe ezikhumbuzo.

Igama elithi "umnqamlezo-amatye" lithetha eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "umnqamlezo" kunye "iliwa". Bemba iminqamlezo, imifanekiso ezingcwele, yaye bonke ubuso ezihonjiswe ngezihombo kunye neepateni ukuba bajike ilitye libe yeebhutsi. bemifanekiso abanezakhono kuzukisa ilizwe labo, khachkars amaninzi amangcwaba ukubaluleka zehlabathi.

Noravank and Momik

ngegalelo lawo elingathethekiyo imbali kunye nophuhliso woonongendi wenza igcisa olukhulu ngokomakhi Momik, obhalwe igama lakhe, elithetha "amakhandlela" kwimbali yemisebenzi Armenia enkulu ya vutshila.

Wazalwa kwindawo Vayots Dzormskoy. Bishop Stepanos Orbelyan waphawula Momik italente waza wamcela ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kumsebenzi ekwakhiweni kunye noyilo zakhiwo weemonki. Ngo-2010, urhulumente Armenian wagqiba ukuseka yimyuziyam Noravank Momik ukuba iminyaka yayo 750th.

Njengomfundi seal Ovasapa, Momik waba nolwazi olubanzi lonqulo, wayesazi isiGrike.

Ngenxa yoko, Armenia Momik usebenza Noravank zaye nokucacisa oqingqiweyo khachkars, uBharnabhas-imikrolo, eqingqiweyo kwiveranda.

Yena umakhi kunye opeyintayo ibandla St. Astvatsatsin. Uninzi imisebenzi yakhe zigcinwa Matenadaran e Yerevan.

In memory of Noravank Momik nokusekwa abazukileyo khachkars, kodwa abalandeli bakhe bazigcine ezintliziyweni zabo - kangaka ubuhle wadala ngenxa yomphefumlo wakhe, ukusebenza ekudalweni zakhiwo weemonki e Noravank.

Kuye ehla kudala ubomi kanye ovuthuvuthuzayo Noravank. Ucwangco icula amazwi yephule abakhenkethi, zihamba restorers. Kodwa yawo yokuvelela nobuhle, umsebenzi kunye nothando, imali kulo kwabayili, ukufumana intlokoma kwiintliziyo bexesha lakhe. Bona ngomdla omkhulu bayaqhubeka ukutyelela kunye simangaliswe Noravank yoonongendi eArmenia.