Oluzenzekelayo Bulkin AB-46: isishwankathelo iimpawu kunye namanqaku anika umdla

umatshini abanamava Bulkin wavuka Manufacturing Index TKB-415, yasungulwa ngo-1945. Ngoko nangoko emva kokudalwa isixhobo inxaxheba kukhuphiswano GAU USSR ngemipu Forces, zikhuphisane ngokulinganayo kunye nezinye iimeko ezifanayo. Kwiminyaka embalwa le modeli kuye siphelelwa parameters iinguqulelo CB-P-580, kamva eyaziwa kwinginginya njengoko AK-47.

A engencinane ngayo umyili

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba matshini Bulkin hayi ngokubanzi, uphuhliso yayo iye yaba negalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso lwezixhobo ezincinane Soviet. Malunga umhlanganisi kancinane yaziwa. Ngaphambi kwemfazwe wayesebenza kwi KB NIPSVO. Ngowe-1942-43. kunye I. kubanjwa Rakov uziyilela umpu esizenzekelayo umpu womatshini. Ngowe-1943, badlula umpu kumatshini uvavanyo wadala yile engineer. Ngaphezu koko, uye waba carbine TKB-32 kunye yindlela oluzenzekelayo lutshixo lusetyenziswayo.

Ngowe-1944, umatshini onamava Bulkin AB-44 yaqaliswa, yaye ngowe-1948, i-umyili sele inxaxheba ekudalweni-high speed imipu moya. Lo msebenzi kwenziwa ngokusebenzisana ne-NM Afanasyev kunye Berezinym M. E. isiphelo okulandelayo kuyenziwa gunsmith ayaziwa. Ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwayo, umbandela nezabucala nakuwo onke injineli data buqu zalahleka izihlobo zokuphila close nako ukufumana.

History of indalo

Ulawulo Jikelele wabhengeza ukhuphiswano ukwenza isixhobo esitsha ngokuzenzekelayo ngowe-1943. Ukuze othile, esi sigqibo negalelo ntetho yeCandelo Commissariat yemodeli German MC-42 kunye iintlawulo rhoqo ibhunga zobugcisa. Soviet analog ukuvuleka iCartridge case ubude cm 7,62 ukuya 4.1, yenziwe yi iinjineli kunye Semin Elizarov ngexesha irekhodi. Kamva ke Umkhono mfutshane 2 mm.

oomatshini mikhosi aphuhliswe kuphela usikrobana entsha zasekhaya. Xa ngokutsha yokuqala koyisa inikezelwe Sudaevu injineli, ngubani yayinawo carbine oluzenzekelayo C-44, zalishumi 5.3 kg. Phakathi ezingalunganga abameli kuphawula ubunzima overvalued yezixhobo kunye wakhuthaza ingcibi ukuba basebenze ukunciphisa yayo.

Ukhuphiswano yesibini

Ngowe-1945, oko kulinyathelo GAU iqala impikiswano yesibini. Kweli nqanaba, abathathi-nxaxheba siqala oluzenzekelayo Bulkin AB-46 umyili. Sudan lizisa oluphuculiweyo loyamano GH-44. Kodwa ke eli xesha lo mbutho akuthethi ukubonisa iziphumo ezifana ngaphambili. Bulkin izixhobo mqambi emva kokuba uhlaziyo eziliqela kuyaqhubeka ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kolu khuphiswano. Ukufa ngesiquphe Sudaeva iqabele elizayo AS-44, nto leyo inkokeli engundoqo.

Abathathi-nxaxheba eseleyo kuqhubeka ukukhuphisana ukuba kwindawo yokuqala phakathi izixhobo oluzenzekelayo zasekhaya. GAU Commission, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimeko kwakhona ibonisa abagqatswa iimfuno yamacebo zobuchwepheshe ngokusekelwe kuyilo lokuqala womzekelo nganye phambi kokuba bonisa kwase. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa kumjikelo wokugqibela wavumela iiprojekthi ezintlanu kuphela. Bulkin Machine iminyaka engaphezu kwama emibini kukukhokela ngexesha uvavanyo kunye nasekuqaleni kuka-1948 yaba umzekelo kuphela obubalulekileyo ngokuchaneka efanelekileyo xa ukudubula Ungqabhuko elifutshane, ekubhekiselwe kuzo neemfuno zeKomishoni.

Iziphumo zovavanyo

Ngokuba ezinye izixhobo iikhrayitheriya zokufaneleka ingqalelo nayo yaba ngokwayo kakuhle. Lula yesondlo, lula disassembly ezibe zisemantloko hayi ngaphantsi abadlali. Kodwa Bulkin ayikwazanga ukusombulula ingxaki survivability nokuthembeka "umntwana" yayo. ekugcineni eziphikisana yonke imigudu ke lowo wengcibi yokuluka. Kwathi umlinganiselo uvavanyo intsimi IKomishoni Kalashnikov developer sele ekhethiweyo.

Bulkin AB-46 submachine gun zange ilingane iimfuno GAU yaye abazange uphumelele uvavanyo lokugqibela. Nangona yokuba 1949 iye yamkelwa AK-47, ingqalelo ukuguqulwa wenze igalelo elibalulekileyo kuphuhliso lo matshini, njengoko ezininzi iindlela kunye neenkcukacha kukhuphiswano ifana twatse.

design

UMyili wadala intshumayelo ngokususela ukusebenza gazootvedeniya oluzenzekelayo, esiludumbo leyo ibekwe ngaphezu umphanda. Kuba kwesisu brainstem channel kusetyenziswa umgaqo rotary. Isixhobo ngokuchitha igesi akukho ulawulo kunye itshixa yunithi iquka isiqu kunye isiqu nesiphelo piston igesi. Shutter ifakwe yokuvula stem ukulwa Imibungu nge pair isekela rotary.

Xa uhambisa shutter stem kumatshini Bulkina ekuqaleni zijikeleziswe ukulwa Umbungu ngoko output zokumisa ezimbini coupler kunye isekela breech. intshukumo esilandelayo isiqu lwenziwa weyele ukulwa ngumbungu. Indlela ukuhamba Imihlubulo ibhokisi shutter ukuchaza uhlobo extruded. Baye i kunciphise kakhulu qha ngaphezulu, ebonelela a susceptibility buthathaka kungcoliseko. iintlawulo Delivery eyenziwe iimbumbulu kwivenkile 30. Le iikhatriji kohlulwa, ngaba feed mqolo-mbini. Idyokhwe yenziwa ingxubevange ngentsimbi ezingcakacileyo yi Ukuhlukunyezwa iintsimbi.

isimiso ukusebenza

Bulkina ngokuzenzekelayo AB-44 njengoko version yayo zanyuswa, baxhotyiswa kunye indlela aqala nge iimbalelwano kubangela. Lendawo sisixhobo elula ngaphandle kokuba isixhobo ngenxa disengaging le umlobothi kunye kubhenca. Isango uhlobo yokuvula stem ngepaint, oko emosha amagxalaba usebeze kunye adubule base-. mechanism shutter ivumela ukudubula kuqhume esinye okanye kukhule.

I-Regulator lever imo uhlobo umlilo ibekwe kwicala lasekunene ibhuthi, ngaphezu adubule. Ezinye iinguqulelo izixhobo ingqalelo zaye ngu- 100 umphanda mm. lever nokhuseleko zixhonywe kwicala lasekhohlo lwe kumatshini ukuvumela ukutshintshwa lula iindlela zayo kunye nobhontsi wasekunene. Kuba emehlweni udibana adjustable phambi ring emehlweni nokhuseleko kunye icandelo lilonke nje ngokubanzi.

Iimpawu zesi sicwangciso technical

iisampuli emibini umatshini AB-46 thaca kwi iimvavanyo yokhuphiswano:

1. Option iyimpahla somthi ukuze kuxhotyiswe iiyunithi ezifanayo emkhosini.
2. Model ne ngokusonga lempundu ukusetyenziswa ngezigaba ezikhethekileyo kunye namaqela emoyeni.

ke technical parameters eziyintloko kumatshini phantsi ingqalelo oku kulandelayo:

• ubunzima Full - 4.5 kg.
• Ubude - 0,94 m.
• Eziphangaleleyo - 0,51 m.
• Abalibona ladubula lomqolo - 0,8 km.
• Qala ndibuvelela Isantya yokusabela - 750 iimitha ngomzuzu.
• izinga Index lomlilo - 600 rounds ngomzuzu.
• Inani izixhobo ehokweni - 30 rounds.

anika umdla

Kumaxesha Soviet, ukhuphiswano azikho yentando yesininzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, yena ityhala kwakhe iisampulu iingalo lowo impembelelo kunye nonxibelelwano. Ukongeza, isiphumo isiphelo kudla wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimeko. Umzekelo, i-umpu elihle Simonov kwayekwa wakhetha off-modified igama analog Tokarev SVT-38. Kubangelwa le sigqibo breakdowns rhoqo kobethileyo kwi ABC-36. Noko ke, ingxaki wayengekho kulwakhiwo, nokuba ngentsimbi kwi isityalo ayikho wobulali kakuhle. Sele uhlelo 1942 of SVT leyo kakhulu kuyehla, ekubeni umpu abazange baphila edabini. Kususiwe inkonzo kwanangaphambi Mosin umpu.

Emva Kalashnikov thaca prototype yakhe yokuqala, okusisiphumo se-khomishini amelwe Pchelintseva sombutho waba engagungqiyo: i isixhobo ayikho egqibeleleyo kwaye ayikho kuzifunda. Kwaye ngoko ke. Kodwa ke waqalisa ukuba kwenzeke izinto zasemzini.

Kalashnikov ufulathela uncedo oyintloko lwakhe igama ikrakra. Loo nto, falsifies isiqinisekiso kuhlolwa kwaye icebisa ukuba nokucokisa umatshini, sisazi ukuba kuya kufuneka ukuba uzenze zonke izinto ukususela ekuqaleni. Yena wenza utshintsho malunga elinesibini ezimbini kuyilo izixhobo. Ngaphandle kwakhe, ekuhlaziyeni isampula kukucwangcisa V. Daykin. Yiyo le meko kwaye zimelwe kukhuphiswano ngomatshini Bulkin TKB-415.

Le ngxabano yaphela AA and AB?

Njengoko biographers qaphela Kalashnikov, wengcibi Bulkin oselula, uLt ngaphandle ezizodwa zemfundo, ikwazile ukufikelela kwesiqalekiso yotsalo-kukhuphiswano. Eneneni, amanye amagosa aphezulu zodidi ngebeyikhuthazile iprojekthi AK, ngelixa ebukele iimpawu Bulkina model. Ngenxa yoko, umsebenzi kwi AK waqhubeka kwi kwisityalo Kovrov phantsi kweliso wenjineli onamava Zaitseva, kodwa usinike iimpawu noshowo ibhetri. Not indima kwangayo yona le nto, ukuveliswa kwakhona wadlala bungwanyalala, indoda nohlonipheke NIPSMVO.

Ngenxa yoko, umatshini ifumene izilungiso ezingaphezu kwama-400 kwaye sidalwe phantse ukusuka ekuqaleni. Oku ephule imithetho apho abashicileli ungenza kuphela utshintsho olungephi ukuya AMAGQABAZA ▸ zabo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ubude umphanda lancipha iisentimitha-35, nangona kamva iye landile ukuya 41.4 cm.

Ekupheleni

Ngexesha lokhuphiswano omnye wamalungu ekomiti wabona umahluko omkhulu phakathi AK-46 isaziso iiprojekthi. Noko ke, wakhawuleza uvale umlomo wakhe, njengoko igama lokugqibela yayikukuba Kolomna abahloli, ezizenza ukuba uqaphele ezi utshintsho olukhulu kakhulu. Ngaphandle koku, i-AK-46 nangoku yalahleka umatshini Bulkin 1946 kunye nompu Dementieva. Ukonga neendiza projekthi kukuba akukho nanye imifuziselo hayi iye yabamba ukuya ezifunekayo parameters yamacebo nobugcisa.

kumatshini Bulkin yaba kuphela ezintathu iye yabonisa ukuchana imilinganiselo GAU. Kwakhona mkhulu AK of ergonomics, yaba isakhelo stock lokukha, nto leyo emva kwamashumi ambalwa, kwakukho i "Kalashnikov" kamva. akuyi kuba nzima Isigqibo ukuphumeza iperi itshintshela iflegi ngokufanelekileyo yabangela impikiswano, kodwa ukuphucula iindlela ezikhoyo. Ubukhulu becala, ukuba umyili ushwankathelwa iindawo singumsebenzi wakhe, njengoko kwi amabali kunye ikuqhuma Simonov. Nangona imeko yangoku, umatshini Bulkin washiya, azafunyanelwa ndawo eliqaqambileyo kwimbali kwezixhobo Russian, njengoko waba uyilo pretty umdla namathemba elungileyo.