Owasungula le Orthodox e eJapan, IsiJapanese UNikolai: biography, iifoto

Ngaphambi Vanya Kasatkin baqalisa ukuthwala igama Japanese Nicholas, wayengunyana ka kukho idikoni yasemaphandleni eziqhelekileyo kunye nabahlobo olusondeleyo noonyana usapho Skrydlovyh gosa, ogama lakhe ecaleni etempileni kayise. Abahlobo bake bamcela ngoko afuna ukuba, yaye ngoko nangoko wagqiba ukuba uza kuhamba ekhondweni likayise. Kodwa Ivan wayefuna ukuba nomatiloshe. Noko ke, amaphupha akhe uwuyekela ulwandle uyise waza wathumela ukuba bafunde Theological Seminary of ESmolensk, waza ke omnye wabafundi intle yakhe ngendleko yoluntu zithunyelwa kufunda sobufundisi eSt Petersburg.

Kulo mzi, kwaye sadibana abahlobo ebuntwaneni, Ivan kunye Leont Skrydlov, owaba ophumelele Naval yeCadet Corps. Ngomhla umbuzo kutheni akazange abe nomatiloshe, uIvan wathi, ukuba bayahamba ngomkhombe ulwandle neelwandle kwaye inqanawa kunokuba ube ngumbingeleli.

Japanese UNikolai: ekuqaleni

Kunyaka wesine kwi Theological Academy, Ivan isaziso le Sinodi oyiNgcwele wafumanisa ukuba koonozakuzaku komlawuli Russian yaseJapan kufuneka ngumbingeleli. Unozakuzaku of Japan I. Goshkevich wagqiba ukuqokelela wevangeli kweli lizwe, nangona ngelo xesha apho bekukho uvalwe engqongqo ku ubuKristu.

Ivan Okokuqala ove umsebenzi Chinese, ndandifuna ukuba uyifumana eTshayina, yaye ukuba ndishumayele phakathi kweentlanga, yaye loo mnqweno wayesele wayemenzile. Kodwa ke inzala yakhe iye isasazeka ukusuka eTshayina eJapan, njengokuba ufunda ngomdla omkhulu "umphathi Notes Golovin" wokuthinjwa kweli lizwe.

Kwisiqingatha sokuqala-imi- 60 kwinkulungwane XIX Russia phantsi Alexander II wayefuna ukuvuselela, kwaba lixesha iinguqu ezinkulu kunye nokupheliswa serfdom. Utyekelo umsebenzi wobuvangeli kwamanye amazwe.

uqeqesho

Ngoko ke, Ivan Kasatkin waqalisa ukulungiselela umsebenzi wobuvangeli eJapan. Ngowe-1860, Juni 24 tonsured yimonki enegama Nicholas i Wonderworker imbeko uNicholas Great. Emva kweentsuku 5 wayitshabalalisa umdikoni, usuku kamva - ngexa lababingeleli. Yaye Agasti 1, Hieromonk Nicholas eneminyaka engama-24 waya eJapan. Wayefuna abe sleeping umtshakazi, nto leyo imele ivuse - njengoko lwalufanekiselwa oko engqondweni yakhe. Kwi inqanawa "Amur" Russian, ekugqibeleni wafika eJapan. In Hakodate Consul Goshkevich wasamkela.

Nangona kweli lizwe iminyaka engaphezu kwama-200 of Christianity kwakukho uvalwe. Nicholas of Japan sithathwa unobangela. Okokuqala, uyafunda ulwimi Japanese, inkcubeko, uqoqosho, imbali, wabe uguqulelo iTestamente Entsha. Konke oku kwathabatha iminyaka yakhe 8.

isithelo

Iminyaka emithathu zokuqala ngenxa kuye babi. Japanese UNikolai ngokusondeleyo nigcine ebomini Japanese, baye batyelela iitempile WayengumBhuda waphulaphula nabashumayeli.

Ekuqaleni, yokuthatyathwa ukuba ndiyintlola, kwaye kwehlisa izinja phezu kwakhe, waza wamsongela kunye nokufa samurai. Kodwa ngomnyaka wesine uNicholas Japan wafumana yokuqala ka-nye nonke bakhe, ukuba ukukholwa kuKristu. Loo Umphathi we ENgcweleni, takuma Savabe. Emva konyaka, bona Kwabonakala omnye umzalwana, ngoko omnye. Takuma Igama kubhaptizwa uPawulos, yaye iminyaka elishumi kamva umbingeleli Orthodox Japanese kuqala. Kule isidima kwakufuneka aye nge ntlungu.

Eyokuqala amaKristu-Japanese

Imali yengqingqwa. Uyise Nicholas wayedla wanceda Goshkevich ngunozakuzaku, owasinikayo imali kwezo mali zabo, ngokokuqhelekileyo bamba for "inkcitho engaqhelekanga". Ngowe-1868, i revolution yenzekile e-Japan: amaKristu atshutshiswe Japanese-entsha.

Ngowe-1869, Nicholas waya eSt Petersburg ukuze kuphunyezwe kuvulwa uthumo. Oku ukumnika ukuzimela zolawulo nezoqoqosho. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva ke wabuyela ukuya kutsho kwisikhundla Archimandrite kunye oyiNtloko Mission.

Ngowe-1872, i-Japanese Nicholas ufumana umncedisi ebusweni iziqu Kiev Theological Academy - Hieromonk Anatoly (Silent). Ngeli xesha Hakodate kuye malunga 50 Japanese Orthodox.

Tokyo

Nalapho St. Nicholas of Japan kushiya bonke unonophelo umbingeleli uyise Paul Savabe eAnatolia yaye wafudukela eTokyo. Apha kwakufuneka baqale kwakhona. Kwaye eli xesha ivula isikolo ekhaya ulwimi Russian aqale ukufundisa Japanese.

Ngowe-1873, i-Government of Japan Priman imithetho ukunyamezelana yonqulo. kwisikolo sabucala kungekudala uhlelwe sobufundisi, apho lo mntwana othandwayo kayise Nicholas (ngaphandle zakwalizwi kukho uye wafunda kakhulu kwezinye iinkalo zezifundo).

Ngo-1879 kwakukho kakade kwizikolo ezininzi e Tokyo: secawa, secawa, prichetnicheskoe amazwe sikolo ulwimi.

Ekupheleni ubomi uyise Nicholas Seminary ezifunyenweyo Japan ubume kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, abafundi best abaqhubekayo ngezifundo zabo oqeqesho zemfundiso Russian.

Xa ibandla landa inani amakholwa amakhulu. Ngo 1900, ngomnyaka wesithoba uluntu Orthodox baba sele e Nagasaki, Hyogo, Kyoto kunye Yokohama.

Temple Nicholas of Japan

Ngowe-1878 waqala ukwakha icawa abanokuzimela. Yayakhelwe imali wokunceda merchant Russian Petra Alekseeva, owayesakuba umatiloshe, "ihashe" isitya. Ngelo xesha sele 6 Ababingeleli Japanese ngayo.

Kodwa uYise Nicholas waphupha le Cathedral. Ukuze imali yokwakha lwalo ithunyelwa eRashiya.

Ngo-1880, Matshi 30 hirotonisanom umbingeleli Nicholas kwi Alexander Nevsky Lavra.

On sketch webandla elizayo Cathedral yoVuko yi womzobi A. ngezikhonkwane. Uyihlo Nicholas uye wathenga umhlaba kwindawo endulini Kanda Suruga-dai. Wakha itempile IsiNgesi wezakhiwo uYoshuwa Conder iminyaka esixhenxe, yaye ngowe-1891 wamnikela izitshixo kuyise Nicholas. Ubungcwele abangama-19 Ababingeleli kunye 4,000 athembekileyo. Xa abantu, le tempile igama "UNikolai-up."

scale zalo izakhiwo Japanese yayintle, kwakunye ukuthembeka nokunyuka uNicholas Japan.

impi

Ngowe-1904, ngenxa Russian-Japanese War, nonozakuzaku Russian wahambela kwelinye. Nicholas of Japan wasala yedwa. Kwi-Orthodox Japanese wadlala, uthiyiwe, uBishop Nicholas yasabisa ukufa ngenxa zaseMelika. Wahlabela mgama achaze esidlangalaleni ukuba Orthodox akukho unqulo kuphela yesizwe Russian, nobuthandazwe - oko yimvakalelo oyinyaniso zendalo nawuphi na umKristu. Wathumela isibheno igosa ezindlwini, apho ezimiselweyo ukuthandazela uloyiso amabutho Japanese. Ngoko ke wagqiba ekubeni balahle ezingangqinelaniyo Orthodox Japanese: ukukholelwa kuKrestu kwaye ibe Japanese. Ngale ndlela ke wayegcina inqanawa Orthodox Japanese. kusa intliziyo yakhe, yaye akazange athathe inxaxheba unqulo lwasesidlangalaleni, yaye omnye wayethandaza esibingelelweni.

Wandula ke wathabatha unonophelo kwamabanjwa Russian emfazwe, leyo ekupheleni kwemfazwe, ngaphezulu kwama-70 amawaka.

Bishop Nicholas, kungekhona nje iminyaka engama-25 ubudala, waba intliziyo mbono ubumnyama yakhe yayisongela eRashiya. Ukuze babalekele kuzo zonke ezi zinto, yena Wayesikhuthalele kuguqulelwe iincwadi zonqulo.

eneminyaka eyi 75 ngo-1912 nge-16 Februwari, wanikela umphefumlo wakhe kuYehova iseli ye Cathedral yoVuko kaKristu. Unobangela ukufa - ukusilela intliziyo. 265 amabandla kwakhiwa isiqingatha senkulungwane ngemisebenzi zakhe 41 umbingeleli, 121 weCawa, regents-15 kunye 31.984 athembekileyo.

Equal abapostile St Nicholas of Japan laye lamiselwa Aprili 10, 1970.