Yintoni na umngxuma ozone nendlela basongele

uluntu Kumaxesha kutshanje abachaphazelekayo kunye nemiba yokusingqongileyo - okusingqongileyo, izilwanyana, ukunciphisa ubungakanani ezikhutshwayo ezinobungozi. Mhlawumbi itshelwe yonke into umngxuma ozone, nokuba sele stratosphere Emhlabeni mihla leyo kakhulu kunene. Kuyinto. imisebenzi yabantu Modern kunye nophuhliso lobuxhakaxhaka usongela ubukho lezilwanyana kunye nezityalo Emhlabeni, kwakunye ubomi babantu.

Yintoni na umngxuma ozone?

I-ozone - esingxotyeni salo olukhuselayo iplanethi eluhlaza, nto leyo ibekwe stratosphere. ukuphakama kwawo malunga namashumi amabini anesihlanu km ukusuka kumphezulu womhlaba. A umaleko kwakheka mpilo ubethwa kwelanga ivavanywa utshintsho imichiza. ukuncitshiswa Local ye xi ozone (ngazo oku zonke ezaziwayo "umngxuma") ngoku ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Owokuqala ngulo, kakade, imisebenzi yabantu (zombini imveliso kunye ngemihla-ekhaya). Nangona kunjalo, kukho izimvo ukuba ozone ibhuqiwe phantsi kweempembelelo iziganeko kuphela zendalo ezinganxulumananga nawabantu.

impembelelo anthropogenic

Ndakuqonda ukuba umngxuma ozone kuyimfuneko ukuze ufumanise ukuba luhlobo luni lomsebenzi abantu negalelo inkangeleko yayo. Oku kakhulu ulwelo. Yonke imihla sisebenzisa deodorants, lacquers iinwele, amanzi yangasese ngokutshizwa yaye ngokufuthi musa ukucinga malunga yokuba kuchaphazela ngokungalunganga umaleko sokhuselo planethi. Isibakala sokuba le khompawundi aba bakhoyo apha iinkonkxa zethu njengesiqhelo (kuquka bromo kunye chloro), lula kusabela kunye atom ioksijini. Ngoko ke, i ozone ibhuqiwe, emva ekuphuhliseni ekudibaneni kwemichiza olunjalo izinto ezingenamsebenzi ngokupheleleyo (kwaye kaninzi yingozi).

Entshabalalo ukuya ozone compound ekhoyo elisindisayo, izimiso umoya nobushushu ehlotyeni, ngokunjalo nezixhobo okupholisa. Kwakhona umsebenzi ngokubanzi zenzeka mveliso yabantu buthathaka ukhuseleko komhlaba. Its zisidimaze mveliso ezikhutshwayo, amanzi (ekugqibeleni ngokomphushu yinxalenye izinto eziyingozi), siwuhlambele stratosphere kunye irhasi exhaust kwezithuthi. Le yokugqibela, njengokuba-manani zibonisa, baninzi ngakumbi qho ngonyaka. nefuthe elibi ozone kunye lo propellant.

impembelelo yendalo

Ukwazi oko umngxuma ozone, nani sinengcamango yokuba bangaphi kubo phezu kwamanzi emhlabeni wethu. Impendulo Kuyadanisa: zikhewu ekukhuseleni zomhlaba elimisiweyo. Bavame ezincinane kwaye musa ukumela umngxuma kunye umaleko obhityileyo kakhulu esele ozone. Nangona kunjalo, kukho isithuba ezimbini ezinkulu ngokungakhuselekanga. Le Arctic kunye ozone umngxuma Antarctic.

Stratosphere phezu izibonda ezo uMhlaba iqulethe phantse akukho maleko olukhuselayo kwaphela. Yintoni na isizathu? Ngenxa yokuba akukho zimoto kunye nezityalo mveliso. Zonke indaba ifuthe endalo yesibini unobangela of ozone. kuvela imisinga ezwi kwi ingozi lokumpompoza umoya kweshushu. Ezi ukuyilwa igesi ziqulethe izixa ezikhulu nitric acid leyo phantsi kwempembelelo kubushushu obuphantsi kakhulu kwaye idityaniswe ozone.

kwezenkolo banomona yaqala kuphela kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Ezitshabalalisayo yelanga eyingozi ezenza indlela yabo emhlabeni kwaye Bakhubeka ozone komqobo, kunokubangela umhlaza ulusu abantu, ngokunjalo ukufa izilwanyana nezityalo (ikakhulu offshore). Ngenxa yoko, imibutho yamazwe ngamazwe, phantse zonke ezi zinto ziye zavalwa ukuba atshabalalise umaleko zikhusela iplanethi yethu. Kukholelwa ukuba nokuba abantu umngena ayeke naziphi na iziphumo ezingalunganga kwi-ozone kwi stratosphere, nasezimfanteni ekhoyo ngoku nyamalala elide kakhulu. Oku kuchazwe into yokuba izinto eziyingozi ezi -CFC, sele owenza indlela yabo mntanam, unako khona ngokuzimeleyo kwi-atmosfera eminyaka.