Porcelain stoneware: iimpawu, isicelo kunye neempawu. Yintoni zakhiwe ceramic?

Kwenza ukukholelwa ukuba amancedo ngento ethile okanye imveliso zadweliswa ngokobunjani bayo. ubunzima Low, amandla aphezulu, conductivity thermal kunye nezinye iipropati bayakumisela ukusetyenziswa kunye neempawu. Yonke le ilapha ngasentla isebenza kuzo porcelain stoneware. It uneempawu zobugcisa elikhethekileyo ukuvumela ukuba usebenzise izinto for uluhlu olubanzi izicelo.

Yintoni na zakhiwe ceramic

Gres yinto ngumntu, kunye neempawu zayo zobugcisa zibekiwe nokuba kwisigaba yemveliso. Ukudityaniswa okunyanzelisa koxinzelelo lobushushu eliphezulu kwenza kube lula ukuba ukudala iimeko ezithile uncedo feedstock ukuze ufumane imveliso entsha ngokupheleleyo. Noko ke, kuphela ukuveliswa kwezi ziphumo akupheleli. Ngexesha uphumezo lwenziwa ukhetho ngenyameko amacandelo yokuqala, processing kwangaphambili kunye ukuxuba elandelayo.

igranite bokusebenzisa ubunjwe feldspar, kaolin ngodongwe, zombala izimbiwa, kwakunye nesanti zwi. Onke la macandelo emhlabeni, kwisigaba esilandelayo zixubene de enobunzima eyohlobo olulodwa. Phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu ngokucindezela kwenzeka, yaye emva - kaJohn, ngexesha apho ubushushu ligcinwa phakathi degrees 1300. Oku kuphumela izinto ezichazwe ogama ayahluka kulawo eziqhelekileyo ukuya feedstock.

iipropati key

Iimpawu zezinto ezithile eziziphumo ezikhethekileyo xa ithelekiswa iimpawu ilitye zendalo okanye zakhiwe. iithayile Porcelain idlula izinto zikhankanywe ngasentla ngeendlela ezininzi. Oku kusebenza ukumelana ukugotywa, ukumelana neenguqu ubushushu, kwakunye nokumelana ebandayo. Singasathethi, kanye nekuba umphezulu, ukumelana asidi, ukuxhathisa lingonakali ngokuhambisa.

Iimpawu ukufakwa kwamanzi

olu khetho luphawulwa ukukwazi imathiriyeli ukufunxa ulwelo. Xa sithelekisa inyengane yodongwe kunye nezinye izinto zokwakha, leyo zenziwa iteknoloji efanayo, kwimeko yokuqala, kukufakwa amanzi iphantsi kakhulu. Ngoko ke, lo ithayile yodongwe uba ukufakwa kwamanzi, nto leyo ayidluli-3%. Xa kuziwa lenyengane, le parameter yahluka ukusuka 0,46%, lo gama lenyengane unendima yi-0.05%.

Ububanzi bokusebenzisa

Ngenxa kule propati izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwiimeko ngumsindo. Yena akanako ukufunxa ukufuma. Oku kubonisa ukuba akukho yonakele xa ekucaca ukuba amaqondo aphantsi kunye notshintsho zabo elibujikele. igranite bokusebenzisa isetyenziselwa ezahlukeneyo kugudiswa, oko kukuthi ngexesha umsebenzi kobuhle. iimpawu ezifanelekileyo ukusebenzisa le ndawo kusengqiqweni.

ukucaciswa mechanical

Xa siqwalasela ithuba lenyengane phantsi kweemeko yendalo ngomatshini, kuyimfuneko ukuba anikele ingqalelo iyahlala namandla iimpawu. I Parameter wokugqibela iiyunithi 8, lo gama i-nani abekelwe ngu 10. Ngeendlela ezininzi, kuxhomekeke ezahlukeneyo imiphezulu.

yodongwe Frosted, yenzelwe kokugqiba emgangathweni, unawo iimpawu zobugcisa ukuba amandla umda. Oku kukuvumela ukuba usebenzise izinto ngenxa kokugqiba nemigangatho yamagumbi kwizakhiwo njongo mveliso, oko kukuthi, iindibano zocweyo, iigaraji kunye neevenkile.

Yintoni enye ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokusetyenziswa

Ngaphezu waba umzekelo apho inyengane yodongwe unpolished ababandakanyekayo, kanti ukuba izinto ziya kuba sisiseko tile asuka kuyo olugudisiweyo okanye eyenziwe ngezitena, yinto entle kakhulu evumelana ezigquma floor. Noko ke, le nto kakuhle kusetyenziswa imiqathango kangako zilayishwe. Oku kungenxa yokuba unyango umphezulu, ithe amandla ayo, kunye parameter ifikelela iiyunithi 6 kuphela.

ukumelana lingonakali

yodongwe lenyengane yayo dimensions ukuze ne tile, anazo omnye uphawu, nto leyo ichazwe kwi ukuxhathisa lingonakali. Le parameter kubaluleke kakhulu, ingakumbi ngokumalunga tile, esetyenziswa isigubungelo floor. Kulo mba, abalimi zilawulwa imigangatho EN 154, zisetyenziswa eYurophu. Le ndlela ivumela iimfuno ezibekiweyo ukuze umgangatho indlela ukuhlolwa kwemveliso.

Ngenxa yoko, i-iithayile umgangatho we porcelain yahlulwe ngamaqela 5. ubungakanani bayo kuyohluka 200x300 ukuya 502x502 mm. Ngenxa yoko, tile, lalo iqela lokuqala kufuneka isetyenziswe kwezo ndawo apho kwenzeka akukho sindululo nesabo olunzulu ethambileyo. Oku kusebenza okulala izindlu zangasese. Ngoxa iqela imveliso i-5 ingasetyenziswa kuzo zonke iimeko, nkqu kwizikhululo zikaloliwe.

Ulwazi malunga ubunzima

Zakhiwe umbala yodongwe zimelwe kwi kwimarike namhlanje asolwa enkulu. Noko ke, ngaphambi kokuba ukufunyanwa umbandela kufuneka ufunde ngakumbi ubunzima. ubunzima yokuqala, nto leyo ifunyenwe kwixesha wokulungiselela, inyathelo ngokucinezela kuthatha indawo. Uxinzelelo mveliso indawo kwi ezinefuthe eliphezulu. Ekugqibeleni, ukwakhiwa ke ithayile akanalo naluphi pores. Emva kokugqitywa yecala porcelain ifunyenwe ogama konga phezulu kangangoko. Isiphumo iphumele izinto ubunzima ngokwaneleyo iyamangalisa. Ukuxinana eliphezulu ibonelela ukusebenza kakuhle, kodwa musa ukulibala ukuba ubunzima kungaba nefuthe elikhulu kuyilo.

Xa nihombisa namhlanje kusoloko kusetyenziswa zakhiwe. iithayile Porcelain zingathengwa kuphela emva kokuba izigqibo ubunzima iithayile. Bala le parameter nga hi chavelela njengoko kunjalo nayiphi na imifanekiso. Kuba oku kuza kuba ngokwaneleyo ukuze ukwazi inani tiles bayo ubunzima ethile. Kwimeko oluchazwe womxhuzulane izinto ezithile ka-2400 kg nge-cubic meter. Ukuba ujamelene umsebenzi yokufumanisa ubunzima lenyengane, nto leyo livalelwe ubukhulu ithayile ka 600x600, kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba zande ivolyum imveliso yi ubunzima oluthile, nto leyo uchazwe apha ngasentla. Lidla tile ezilinganayo kufuneka ubunzima ezahlukeneyo, kungenxa yokuba ubukhulu babo ungahluka.

Izimvo kulungiselelwa phambi kokusetyenziswa porcelain njengezihombiso

Ukuba ukhetha ukusebenzisa yodongwe Nyengane izimvi ngenxa ndiwufezile imiphezulu wezasekhaya, ufanele wazi malunga ezinye iinkalo zobugcisa indlela yomsebenzi. Njengoko kubonisiwe ngabasebenzisi, izinga lempumelelo 50% nokuqhathwa iya kuxhomekeka uqeqesho kuya kwenziwa njani ngaphandle ngokuchanekileyo. Ukongeza tile, kuya kufuneka abicah sealant, grout, pretreatment primer isiseko ngcina yeethayile imveliso yephondo, ebabela iminqamlezo.

Kubalulekile ukulungiselela kakuhle Nyengane ukuya inkqubo yokukwazi. Kumphezulu manqaku ukuba icocwe yi umaleko olukhuselayo olusetyenziswa ngexesha ngawo. Inika yokugcina qualitative kwaye kuthintela umonakalo ngexesha izithuthi. Eyona ezininzi eziqhele ukusetyenziswa le wax zobugcisa. Ngokutsho abasebenzisi bayo, ngempumelelo balahle loo nto, ungakwazi ukusebenzisa amanzi okanye ukucoca arhente ezishushu. Iparafini, njengoko uyagxininisa iinkosi zasekhaya asuswe ngemela putty.

Ukuphonononga soqulunqo isiseko

Ukuba igranite yodongwe umbala unpolished isetyenziswa, kubalulekile ukulungiselela isiseko ngokufanelekileyo. Umphezulu kufuneka kudilizwa ukuba unalo misinga kunye noqikelelo. indawo Elihle kufuneka owomileyo engeva ubumdaka, mgodini kunye neentanda. Ukuba kufuneka sisebenze brilliant umgangatho ophezulu-isilungiseleli seglosi, ngoko ufakwa sanding Mat imbonakalo. abathengi abanamava zibonisa ukuba phantsi osithelisayo, leyo koko kulindeleke ukuba abeke lenyengane, kuyimfuneko ukubala ethwele amandla ezifanayo. Ukuba shiya eli nyathelo, umthwalo ngokugqithiseleyo kunokubangela imiphumo ebuhlungu.

Izimvo netheknoloji porcelain ingqokelela

igranite bokusebenzisa, iimpawu eziye ezidweliswe ngasentla, kufuneka ibekwe ngokuthobela ngeteknoloji. Indlela kuphela unako ukufikelela iziphumo ezihle. Ubungakanani umbandela esetyenzisiweyo iya kuqinisekisa ukhetho spatula: elikhulu ubungakanani ithayile, ubukhulu kufuneka amazinyo isixhobo. Ukwakheka ngcina kufuneka isicelo kumphezulu umva le mveliso, yaye ngoko ke kufuneka ukubeka iithayile phantsi. Ukuze ulungise indawo yayo na ke ukuba imizuzu eli-15.

Gres kufuneka icinezelwe kwi ekwakhiweni ngcina, izikhewu phakathi iithayile mfuneko uzaliswe isisombululo iglu. Kubalulekile ukuba usebenzise lonke nesimbo inkqubo kwinqanaba wabakhi. Asingabo bonke inkosi abo basandula kuqalisa khumbula ukuba nqapha ngokubekwa eshona zakhiwe. Oku kubonisa ukuba kamva wabeka ithayile liya kuba phezulu kancinci malunga ngaphambili wabeka. Kubalulekile ukuba ukuphelisa mgodini kwi umthungo ngcina, kungenjalo tile msebenzi lula ukuzivula.

isiphelo

Emva uya ukumelana ixesha elithile, inkosi linokuyiqhuba grouting. Ukuze wenze oku, sebenzisa isakhiwo ezikhethekileyo umbala ahambelanayo. Owahlukileyo grout uya kukwazi ukugxininisa mzobo. Ukuba usebenzisa umxube ithoni omnye nakugqiba, uya kwenza phezu ingaphakathi iyunifomu cala. Phambi kokuba sigaba sokugqibela kubalulekile ukukhangela ukuba umthungo yeyona enyulu. Ukuba kukho izinto langaphandle ekhoyo, leyo enokuthintela le grout.