Njengoko nezibonda eziphathekayo ukuze uthango ngezandla zabo?

Abanikazi bebazisa sisoloko sizama kangangoko sinako ukuba ukuxhobisa izinto zabo. ucingo emhlabeni ilifa kukho unxibelelwano. Iyahlala namandla yesampulu kuxhomekeke kumgangatho izixhaso zalo. Ngoko ke, ulwakhiwo izibonda kufuneka aphathwe nzulu kakhulu. Kule meko ke kubaluleke kakhulu nje kuphela ukhetho izinto, kodwa indlela ukufaka. Indlela ikhonkrithi izibonda kocingo? Le yinkqubo noko nzima ukuba ufuna izakhono ezithile kunye nolwazi. Ukuba akukho amava ulwakhiwo lwemihlathi akwenjinjalo, ngoko eli nqaku liza kuba njengesikhokelo sakho kwaye kuya kukuxelela ukuba angakanani na ukwakha ucingo oluqinileyo icebo lakhe umhlaba.

Kutheni ezibambekayo zibonda kocingo?

Kukho iindlela ezininzi ngokwakha izibonda elucingweni. Noko ke, ukuba uthango unzima, iza kudala umthamo eyomeleleyo ukuzala. Ngoko ke, ukuba ucingo bakhonza ixesha elide, kuyimfuneko ukuba iintsika eziphathekayo na.

Oku kuya kukunika ezi nzuzo zilandelayo:

• zithuba ukuba kukucheba siwe kungakhathaliseki umthwalo eyenziwe ngazo;
• inkxaso elucingweni akayi ezinokudla;
• landa kakhulu sempilo.

Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha concreting kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo yi a caveat. Ukuba bathe zibekwa kumhlaba apho amanzi omhlaba zikufutshane kakhulu kumphezulu kwakunye ubuninzi kwezulu, izibonda baqala uPienaar ngaphandle komhlaba.

Isigaba wokulungiselela

Phambi iintsika eziphathekayo ukuze wasibiyela ngothango, kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela pre-iyelenqe.

Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka oku kulandelayo:

• Umhlakulo ekwakheni imisebenzi;
• ngezinto ezilahliweyo;
• a ukuxuba izinto;
• nokufakwa kwayo;
• drill electric;
• isamente;
• leke;
• njengentlabathi;
• drill;
• yophahla;
• level laser;
• okuphumelela;
• ngamaplanga for formwork yokwakha.

Ukuba zonke izinto eziyimfuneko kunye nezixhobo esandleni, ngoko unga baqale ukwenza umsebenzi. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuchaza indlela ekubiyeni izibonda ucingo. Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza kwenza ngendlela: izibonda elucingweni ukubulala okanye eziphathekayo? Impendulo engagungqiyo: eziphathekayo. Indlela kuphela ukufezekisa uzinzo abo elide.

Inyathelo lokuqala ukulungiselela una nasezintsikeni kuyanda. Nge umhlakulo, balahle esineengcambu zezityalo, ngoko ke musa aphazamise nokusebenza yesiqhelo. Emva koko ambe imigodi ulwakhiwo kwezithuba. Apha, abantu abaninzi baye kombuzo: "Xa into ubunzulu nezibonda eziphathekayo ukuze cingo?". Ukuze iintsika emi kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ubunzulu amaqula kufuneka ube malunga kwisiqingatha semitha.

ucingo imihlobo iintsika

Ukukhetha yeentsika kufuneka banikwe ingqwalaselo kakuhle, kuba kubalulekile kakhulu kungekuphela ngokweempawu zobugcisa, kodwa ke yokusebenza neempawu wokwakha.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho ezi ndidi zilandelayo of columns:

1. Wood. Bona omnye kakhulu siphila ixesha elifutshane, ubomi apho umlinganiselo malunga-10 iminyaka. Xa yokufaka kucetyiswa ukuba ukunyanga iinkuni arhente ezithile kubola leyo awukhusele imiba engentle yokusingqongileyo.
2. Asbestos-isamente. Bona luphawulwa yokusebenza labo, njengoko bazenze zambi neempawu phezulu kunye nendleko eziphantsi kakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, kulula kakhulu ukuba ukufaka.
3. Metal. Ezi ntsika ke athandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuba ixesha elide kakhulu kwaye kulula zokwakha.
4. Eziphathekayo. Woluhlutha yokusebenza ephezulu kunye nokuthembeka, Noko ke, ngokulandelelana. Ukongeza, yokufaka kufuneka silungise.
5. Brick. Yiba nenkangeleko entle kakhulu, kodwa iindleko zabo kakhulu phezulu, ngoko yokuthenga iintsika ngezitena, hayi bonke. Kufuneka kwakhona ingqalelo into yokuba ukwakhiwa zabo kufuna agalele isiseko kunye nokufumaneka izakhono zokwakha.

Phambi kokuba uqonde ukuba ikhonkrithi njani izibonda kocingo, kuyimfuneko ukuthetha ngento kungcono ukukhetha izibonda Ukubiyelwa ebaleni zabo.

Kukuphi na okulunge ngakumbi, ukuba usebenzise iintsika ukwakhiwa kocingo?

Uhlobo kunye nomgangatho iintsika ixhomekeke phakade ucingo, ngoko ukhetho lwabo kufuneka anikwe ingqwalasela enkulu.

Kubalulekile ukuba ahlawule ingqalelo bokuqonda zilandelayo:

1. Ukuba uthango ziya kuthi zakhiwe decking profiled, ungasebenzisa izibonda, kwenziwa izinto. Decking elula, ngoko ke akukho ngxaki ukumelana nkqu lisekela ngamaplanga. Ngaba nezibonda eziphathekayo ukuze ucingo eyenziwe ngomthi? Ukuba ufuna ucingo bakhonza ukuba ngaphezu konyaka omnye, Kakade ke, kuyimfuneko.
2. Kwimeko apho ucingo ziya kusebenza igridi-net, ukhetho engcono kungaba izibonda yesinyithi. Bathi nje kuphela engaxabisi kodwa ziya kuhamba kakuhle kunye kocingo.
3. Kuba eziphathekayo kunye nodonga ngezitena isisombululo kangangoko uya izibonda kwakhiwa ukusuka impahla efanayo. Wooden nentsimbi exhasa kule meko ke kungcono ukuba ukuyisebenzisa ngenxa yokuba akayi kuba nako ukubuphikisa nokumelana nabo bubunzima obuninzi ucingo.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba zonke iimeko nezithuba kocingo kufuneka concreted. On oku kuxhomekeke ukuzinza kwabo, ukuthembeka elide.

technology Key of concreting iintsika

concreting ayifuneki kulwakhiwo izibonda ngomthi. Kuya kuba yanele nje ukunyanga ukubola iinkuni. Kodwa iintsika ukuyinyusa iyafuneka naluphi na olunye uhlobo concreting.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ubuchwepheshe ukulahlwa ilandelayo ixhasa:

• indawo concreting;
• concreting ubuso;
• ukwakhiwa strip siseko;
• concreting owomileyo.

ubuchwepheshe ngalinye iintsika ezithile egalela ezilungileyo nezingalunganga, kangangokuba abanye babo ukuba bakhethe, kuxhomekeke kuwe.

ukulungiselela site bathele isekela

Ngoko ke, siyifumene impendulo umbuzo ukuba okanye hayi izibonda eziphathekayo ngenxa kocingo, ukuze ngoku uyakwazi ukuthetha ngayo yonke imiba yenkqubo. Inyathelo lokuqala ukulungiselela indawo apho aya wakha isibingelelo emazantsi kucingo kwaye enze inani lemisitho mandatory.

Inyathelo lokuqala kukuba ukwenza imilinganiselo elizayo ucingo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yobude ucingo ixhomekeke kwinani zezibonda. Ukuba ucingo uya kwenza kumgangatho agciniweyo, phakathi isekela kufuneka ibe malunga 2 eemitha. Xa usebenzisa enemingxuma-kuye kwafakwa kuvumelekile ubude beemitha ezintathu.

Emva kokuba imilinganiselo kufuneka kwenziwe lophawulo. Ukubala inani lilonke ubude zocingo bahlulwe ubude kweminwe, yaye umphumo yongezwe unit okubangelwa. Xa kwenziwe izibalo, xa isiza indawo zaphawula ekuphelwa kuyo kumjikelo ngamnye. Kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo, nto leyo eya kuba isango kunye nesango.

Xa wadlula kwisigaba samalungiselelo, unako baqale ukwenza imisebenzi esisiseko. Okokuqala azakwembiwa imingxunya phantsi inkxaso, uze ungakwazi ukuqala uzifakelele. Njengoko concreted izibonda ucingo beplanga incence kunye nezinye izinto? Oku kuza kuxutyushwa ngakumbi.

concreting akakhethi

Wells phantsi inkxaso enokwenziwa usebenzisa drill ngesandla okanye umhlakulo oqhelekileyo, eyenzelwe umsebenzi ekumbiwe kuyo. Ububanzi umngxuma ngamnye kufuneka kabini ngaphezulu ubukhulu kwikholam. Njengoko kuba nobunzulu, kungcono ukuba ke iya kuba sisiqingatha semitha,, ukuba ukuphakama isekela ayikho mkhulu kakhulu, ubunzulu inokuba kulingana isahlulo sesithathu ukuphakama inkxaso.

Xa ufaka le namanqwanqwa Kucetyiswa ukuba basebenzise inqanaba isakhiwo, ukuba ngqo ngokupheleleyo. Emva kokufaka ebizwa hole igutyungelwe isiqingatha ngomhlaba kunye ubunjwe, kwaye esinye isiqingatha izele eziphathekayo.

indawo concreting

Kuba abantu abaninzi, nanku umbuzo ukuba, izibonda zesinyithi eziphathekayo ukuze elucingweni. Kule meko ke kungcono ukuba usebenzise ndawo Gulf zobugcisa. Kufanelekile nje kuphela izibonda ezenziwe ngentsimbi, kodwa kananjalo nezinye iintlobo zezakhiwo.

Wells phantsi inkxaso eyenziwe ngendlela efanayo naleyo echazwe ngaphambili, kodwa hayi ezantsi izele umhlaba nesanti kunye luhlalu. Ukuphucula uzinzo inkxaso, kunye emacaleni aso omabini yi welding yi ngesithende yesinyithi yaye ekhwele nezilinganisi netyhidiweyo. Emva obandayo umngxuma isithuba izele mix eziphathekayo.

Ukwakhiwa kwe tape isiseko

Njengoko nezibonda eziphathekayo ukuze kucingo ngoncedo isiseko tape? Lo bugcisa sinzima ngaphezu ezichazwe ngentla apha, ke, ukuba zilandele ngqo le miyalelo ilandelayo, ngoko ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuphumelela.

Inyathelo lokuqala ukubaqhelisa imigodi inkxaso nokulungiselela umsele iisentimitha 40 ubunzulu, ububanzi nama-25 cm. Umsele ubona yonke ubude ezibiyele elizayo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba imigodi iintsika akuyomfuneko kuba nzulu kuba tape isisekelo amandla aphezulu kunye nokuthembeka, inkxaso iya kuba nako ukumelana ubunzima ngokwanelisayo phezulu kangaka.

Xa nomsele lilungele, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukwakha formwork, kwakunye ukudala umandlalo zegrabile kunye esanti kakuhle nganye, kwaye yonke ubude esemseleni wawakhotha. Ukongeza, yonke umsele bahexa iintonga metal ziqhutywa emva kwesithuba iisentimitha 50. Emva koko bakwazi ukufaka isekela. Emazantsi esemseleni wawakhotha eDibanisa okuninzi isidumbu ezimbini sisinyithi, enye yazo kufuneka ibekwe emazantsi, kwaye eyesibini nomphakamo ngeesentimitha abangama-20. Inqanaba lokugqibela le ukwakhiwa isiseko tape kwaye beqaqadeka nomsele ezinemingxuma eziphathekayo.

Iimpawu eziphathekayo owomileyo

Njengoko nezibonda eziphathekayo ukuze ucingo kule iteknoloji? Yinto elula kakhulu. Indawo izibonda ufakelo bemba umngxuma, leyo sakhiwe "iglasi" zezinto ezifulelwe. Ngaphezu koko kufakwa iintsika kwinqanaba, ngoko amaqula zahlutha ngesanti okanye luhlalu. Ukuze umaleko sele kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ngexesha backfilling emhadini izinto itshizwe athile ngamanzi.

Indlela ukufaka zezibonda?

iziseko yokufaka ukugcwalisa umngxuma otyiwa ngcono uhlalutye ezizodwa ukuba nokumelana aphezulu kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi.

Ukongeza, kucetyiswa ukuba sigcine macebiso alandelayo:

1. Phambi ukugalela umxube eziphathekayo ukuya ezantsi ambelwe uzala luhlalu, leyo ngokuyimfuneko zilinganisiwe. Kuyimfuneko ukuphucula uzinzo wenkxaso.
2. Ukuba komhlaba lakho sebali zikufutshane kakhulu kumphezulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukusebenzisa izinto zokuxhoma uphahla. Le zinto ngokugqibeleleyo ibizela ukufuma, nezinika ukhuseleko esihle deformation of eziphathekayo.
3. umxube eziphathekayo kufuneka azalise up kungqameko umngxuma. Emva ngokugalela umxube lwezilinganisi zesinyithi eliqela ifakiwe, ogama ubude ingaphantsi kancinane ngaphezu ubunzulu emithombo. Oku kuya kunika kwipali olukhulu uzinzo emva ephilisa isisombululo.
4. Xa ufaka iintsika eziphathekayo, kucetyiswa bambelela kwi isakhelo ekhethekileyo eyenziwe rebar.
5. Ngaphambi ukuthululwa inkxaso kufuneka ilungelelaniswe kwinqanaba amadama zabo, abonwabileyo, kuphela ke concreted.

Ukubambelela la macebiso elula, ungakha ucingo, leyo Ndokukhonza iminyaka emininzi.

Iindlela concreting

Wonke umntu ongenayo nayiphi amava kumsebenzi wokwakha, nanku umbuzo njengoko kwiipali eziphathekayo ukuze elucingweni. Kungakhathaliseki thekinoloji isiseko ukulahlwa into yokuqala uhlohla kwaye concreting isekela ekupheleni. Ngelo izibonda ezifanayo rasklinit kakuhle ngokusebenzisa amatye, ukuba bakwimeko level.

Emva nokunyuka no concreting nezibonda kakhulu phakathi kwabo ololulele ulutya eya kumisela iintsika ngokungqongqo kumgca enye, kangangokuba kocingo ziya kuba mpuluswa ngokupheleleyo kwaye ezintle.

endaweni yesiphelo

Ngoko ke, ukuba sele ufunde eli nqaku ukuya kuthi ga ngoku, ngoko ke akusekho umbuzo wokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ikhonkrithi izibonda elucingweni. Uchitha iintsika eziphathekayo ubanika amandla kunye nozinzo olukhulu, ngoko ke imihlathi kuma ixesha elide, hayi pokrenivshis ndlela. Enyanisweni, inkqubo yeentsika eziphathekayo ngezandla zabo kakhulu ilula. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - babambelele izikhokelo ezithile kwaye ukuba bagcine ukhuseleko.