Potala Palace - luphawu ukungafi ka Tibet

Lhasa - "indawo oothixo yokuhlala", oko wakhethwa ukuba ikomkhulu Tibetan ookumkani kaRhulumente. De kube ngoku, Central Asia, abaphandi awakwazi kusombulula zonke iimfihlelo umzi, kwada kwasekupheleni. Ngu iimfihlelo Lhasa isebenza ukwakha eminyaka ubudala - i Potala Palace. ubuhle bayo nobuhle, yena wabetha abantu okanye eminyaka ilikhulu. ngonyaka ngamnye kule ndawo yokuba lundwendwe ukuba amaBhuda kufuna amawaka abakhenkethi.

Lhasa. Potala Palace - bethanda

Emzini chinese of Lhasa ibekwe entilini ezintle Dzichu River, ujikeleze lonke Tibetan Plateau. Ngaphezu kolwandle, Lhasa lifumaneka kwi ezinobude kweemitha 3680. Iminyaka emininzi kwakukho yokuhlala kweyeDalai Lama. Kuphela ngo 1979 sixeko saba zifikeleleke kubakhenkethi, ukuya kweli xesha emnyango basemzini apha iye yavalwa. Barkhor Street vkoltsevuyu udlula embindini. Ukuba uyakholwa ilivo, embindini khonkcweni yaba ichibi, apho kwakuhlala imimoya engendawo. Ukuze bendawo babehlala ngokuzolileyo, eli chibi bahlutha, yaye le ndawo wakha Jokhang Monastery. In the Old City of Lhasa uzele ezixabisekileyo ezikhumbuzo zembali: yoonongendi ka Sera, Drepung, Ganden, kodwa kube yeyona ibalulekileyo ekuthiwa Tibetan Potala Palace. Iminyaka emininzi ngayo thusa iindwendwe, izakhiwo ezinqabileyo, isimbo yayo engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Babubone ubuhle nezinto ezahlukileyo komkhulu, eTibet itsala amawaka abahambi. Potala - iisimboli obuBhuda - ibekwe kwi-Red Hill, nto leyo singqongwe Lhaskoy entilini.

I Potala Palace, eTibet: History of zokwakha

Ngokutsho legend, i Potala Palace original isekhona kwinkulungwane VII, ukumkani waphakamisa Srontszangambo. Ukwakhiwa yayakhelwe Princess Wencheng, umfazi wakhe elizayo. Le ukuzolula sakhiwo ukususela elunyaweni ukuya encotsheni yentaba, kuye ndawonye amawaka lwezakhiwo, eyenziwe ngendlela Tibetan. Ngamaxesha mfazwe ayilwayo ngaloo minyaka Tufanskaya ubukhosi ukusebenza, kunye namagumbi ezininzi apho komkhulu zatshatyalaliswa nje. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, iintlekele zemvelo nazo kakubi kuchaphazela imeko ezindongeni sakhiwo. Reconstruction yaqala kuphela ngo-1645. Ngelo xesha, urhulumente Qing wazimisela umlawuli Tibet - UDalai Lama wesihlanu. Palace waza waba indawo yakhe.

Potala Palace yayiquka iinxalenye ezimbini - ezimhlophe kunye ebomvu. I-White Palace yakhiwa ngo-1653 yaye ngo-1694 kugqityiwe ukwakhiwa Olubomvu. Le egcwele wesakhiwo ukusuka emhlabeni, ilitye, iinkuni yayiziimitha 117. ububanzi Palace - 335 leemitha. Ezilishumi elinesithathu imigangatho nkulu ngaphezu kwe 130.000 square metres, ngoku ke kwindawo yonke iquka 360 amawaka square metres. Palace kubandakanya amagumbi ngaphezulu kwe 1100 kunye iiholo, amawaka 200 iindidi eqingqiweyo, ngaphezulu kwama-10 amawaka iiyure.

Potala Palace incazelo

Thatha ujongo kufutshane, kukhangeleka ngathi Potala Palace. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, le nto ndiyibhalayo amaqhosha zomoya - omhlophe nobomvu. I-White Palace ise iikota UDalai Lama, i-Red Palace na indawo le nkonzo. Kwintendelezo izakhiwo basezifama yakhiwe kwaye iiseli lendela. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuba uqale ukuhlola Olubomvu Palace izibonelelo eziphezulu, ingakumbi evela Chapel of Maitreya. Amangeno kule ndlwana ibekwe kwi ezintlu asezantsi. Inxalenye lasentshonalanga awayephantsi amangcwaba UDalai Lamas, nantsi kwizakhiwo zikarhulumente esemthethweni. Iholo Sunny baphila, basebenza, wabhala imibhalo engcwele kweyeDalai Lama, wayexakeke kulawulo. Inkundla enkulu eyasetyenziselwa imibhiyozo zaseburhulumenteni. Hall Pabalakan Cave Fa Wang, ngubani uthathwa ukuba ube yinxalenye okhethekileyo, kusekho izakhiwo ukususela kwinkulungwane VII.

Ukuphakamisa e Potala. iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo

A indawo engcwele ngenxa amaBhuda lo Potala Palace, eTibet nyaka ngamnye ifumana amawaka abahambi. Ukuphakamisa ebhotwe iqala emazantsi eludongeni esimhlophe. A umendo ilitye siya kuya kukhokelela ongowesango lasempumalanga, oluveza alohani ezine. Le nkundla kungafikelelwa ngokusebenzisa iindonga komkhulu, ukuphakama kwayo kweemitha ezine.

Ngelo yaza yee-ndlela izisa ukuwasa elikhulu, indawo yalo 1600 square metres. Ngenxa yoko, UDalai Lama wathetha abathembekileyo ndawonye apha. Ngokubhekele phaya phantsi iholo uyakwazi ekhwela egumbini inkulu - Pochzhangabo Tsotsin. Kwaba apha ngo-1653 imisitho yonqulo kwenziwa, xa uMlawuli Shunzhi oluhlakaziweyo i Fifth UDalai Lama ngetywina yegolide kunye idiploma. Ngexesha elinye, kwaye yaba kukwakha njengengcwele.

Naphi na apho ubonisa Potala Palace, umbonile inxalenye apho kukho amangcwaba ezisibhozo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-pagodas, stupas. Ntofontofo kakhulu kwaye inkulu ke Pagoda le Fifth UDalai Lama. Le sahlanganiswa igolide yaba zizixwexwe ezicekethekileyo, ichithe ukuba 3721 kg. Engcwabeni yayihonjiswe ngamatye ezinqabileyo.

Enkulu kunazo zonke yaye inxalenye zindala komkhulu

Eyona inkulu zingaphakathi Pochzhanmabo ilondoloza nebhodi, nto leyo eshiya imibhalo Qing uMlawuli Qianlong kunye lokuzenzela emangalisayo, ekunikelwe woMlawuli Kangxi. Isithethe ithi ukuze lawo ezi amalengalenga kwakhiwa workshop ngokukhethekileyo ekwenzeni kwabo wathabatha unyaka. Le ndawo zindala ebhotwe kuqwalaselwa inkundla Snoyagal. Kulapha kwiminyaka emininzi abagcina sculpture yokumkani enkulu Srontszangambo, zonke iindwalutho kunye Princess Wencheng. Sasronlantsze - le nkundla iphezulu apha Obingelela imbasa yesikhumbuzo kunye nomfanekiso yoMlawuli Qianlong.

Le ubuhle Potala Palace

I Potala Palace inikwa phambi kwamehlo abahambi njengoko iingangamsha, ubuhle abanalo wokwakha. uphahla Golden, iindonga lenyengane, uphahla belolonga imihombiso ihonjiswe ukunika isakhiwo enisinike, umfanekiso kumnandi. On mizobo wall elinombala - imizobo of ooBhuda kunye alohaney, enomfanekiso yokwenene yobomi, imisebenzi ye-Fifth UDalai Lama. Kukho kwakhona lubonakala ungeno esinyanisekileyo Princess Wencheng ku Tibet. Le mizobo zibonisa lonke uphuhliso obuBhuda, inkcubeko yamandulo Tibetan. Le lomculo indala bokwakha - i Potala Palace - kuba luphawu obungenakutshatyalaliswa ka Tibet, isiqhamo ingqondo, italente abantu Chinese ngayo. Oku kungqina ukuba umanyano yenkcubeko phakathi Han kunye eTibet.