Rudi Island kwi Pacific Ocean: oonobangela, imiphumo photo

Kwi-Pacific, kukho isiqithi engaqhelekanga ukuba zingaphawulwa nakweyiphi kwimaphu yehlabathi. Ngelo xesha, ndawo ndawo, elisuke lihlazo yokwenene iplanethi yethu, sele idlula kummandla France. Inyaniso yokuba uluntu uvelisa inkunkuma luyanda yonke imihla nesambatho intsimi entsha kuphela emhlabeni. Kakhulu abemi nachaphazelekayo nezilwanyana zasemanzini, ukuze bazive kule minyaka ilishumi idluleyo, yonke neziyolo impucuko.

Ngelishwa, abantu abaninzi abazi ngemeko yokwenene yokusingqongileyo kunye nelifa emdaka yoluntu. Ingxaki kobutyobo zaselwandle, isenza umonakalo noqhekeko-bume, akaqhotyoshelwanga esidlangalaleni, yaye enyanisweni, ngokutsho izibalo ilingane, ubunzima neplastiki, ukhupha izinto eziyityhefu, ngaphezu kwesinye lezigidi zeetoni.

Njengoko doti iwela olwandle?

ntoni udoti kolwandle, ukuba umntu uhlala phi apho? Ngaphezu kwama-80% inkunkuma iwela evela kwimithombo ezisentlabathini, yaye inxalenye engundoqo zabo enze iibhotile zeplastiki amanzi, iingxowa, iikomityi. Ukongeza, xa ulwandle yokuloba iminatha ezilahlekileyo ukusuka izikhongozeli iinqanawa. Nokungcola eziphambili zithathwa ukuba amazwe amabini - China ne-Indiya, apho abantu yokulahla inkunkuma ngqo emanzini.

icala plastic ezimbini

Esinokubangela ukuba uthi ukususela wayila yeplastiki, kwaye sele iqalile ungcoliseko iyonke loo mhlaba oluhlaza. Le eziphathekayo, kuya kwenza kube lula kakhulu ubomi babantu, waba ityhefu ngokwenene umhlaba ulwandle, xa efika apho emva kokusetyenziswa. Uhageleyo iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu le yeplastiki cheap, ukusuka apho ke lula ukuphelisa, ebangela umonakalo omkhulu kwimvelo.

Kule meko, ukuphinda iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu, Noko ke, kwemvelo kuphela ekuqaleni kuka-2000 bahlabe umkhosi; ngokuba ihlabathi uba lizwekazi entsha, equka inkunkuma. Undercurrents kunkqonkqoza nkunkuma zeplastiki eziqithini inkunkuma elwandle, leyo sabanjwa ngobubele andingekhe ndiwugqithe kuyo. Xa kanye ukuthi izinto kakhulu ezingeyomfuneko sigcina umhlaba, oko akwenzeki.

Rudi Island ukufa

I yokulahla kakhulu, nto leyo ibekwe isitya wePasifiki kukho ubunzulu oziimitha 30 Yolule ukusuka California eHawaii kangangamakhulu eekhilomitha. Amashumi eminyaka, iplastiki idada emanzini, kodwa oko ayakhekanga kwesiqithana enkulu, ikhula ngesantya avela. Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, ngoku lidlula ubunzima zooplankton ubunzima phantse kasixhenxe.

I-Pacific kwisiqithi inkunkuma, equka ngeplastiki, leyo ibonakala zibe ngamaqhekeza amancinci phantsi kwempembelelo netyuwa ilanga, igcinwe kwindawo enye ngenxa kwamanzi. Kukho akho nefumileyo, leyo ibizwa ngokuba 'kwintlango elwandle. " Apha ezivela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi iminyaka emininzi ngoku lizenza izinto ezahlukeneyo, nangenxa yobuninzi izidumbu ezibolayo zezilwanyana, emanzi amanzi iinkuni okroqiweyo hydrogen sulphide. Le indawo yokwenene abafileyo, ubomi kakuhle kakhulu. Indawo enukayo apho zange kuphephetha umoya entsha, musa ukuya evenkileni kunye iinqanawa bazama ukuba ngoyaba oko.

Kodwa emva kweminyaka engama-50 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela, le meko iye sibi kakhulu, kwaye kumabhodlo lona lisiza kongezelelwa zeplastiki zokubopha, iingxowa kunye neebhotile, angabekwa kwinkqubo phansi eziphilayo. Ngoku izibi siqithi kwi Pacific Ocean, indawo apho qho kwiminyaka elishumi banda izihlandlo eziliqela, ukuya kwi-90% liquka polyethylene.

Yingozi iintaka kunye neentlanzi

Zezilwanyana eziphila emanzini ethathwa libharhe ukutya isemanzini esiswini yaye kungekudala kufa. Badidekile ku doti ukunika umonakalo obulalayo. Iintaka ukondla amantshontsho zabo granules ezincinane ezibukhali efana amaqanda, nto leyo ekhokelela ekufeni kwabo. Ocean doti kungaba yingozi ngabantu, ngokuba iintlobo ezininzi eziphilayo zolwandle kuwela kuwo, zonakaliswe yeplastiki.

Rudi kwakudada phezu kolwandle, uvimba imitha yelanga, leyo ezisongela ubomi eqhelekileyo ezincinane kwakunye nezityalo, nto leyo exhasa ecosystem ngokuvelisa izondlo. Ukunyamalala zabo kungakhokelela ekulahlekeni kweentlobo ezininzi eziphila elwandle. Island inkunkuma, kuqulethe yeplastiki oko asiboli emanzini, igcwele ingozi kuzo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo.

cesspool Giant udoti

Uphando olusandul 'ukwenziwa zizazinzulu lubonise ukuba uninzi izibi - kuba yeplastiki omncinane njengamasuntswana ubungakanani malunga ezintlanu eemilimitha, apho asasazwa zombini phezu komhlaba kunye kwiingcamba embindini emanzini. Ngenxa yoku, ukuze ufumanise umlinganiselo iyilwe akwenzeki, ngokuba ukubona siqithi inkunkuma kwi Pacific Ocean evela satellite okanye moya akakwazi. Okokuqala, malunga nama-70% of olubi junk ukuya ezantsi, yaye okwesibini, amasuntswana seplastikhi esitransparenti kulala phantsi komhlaba amanzi, uze ubone indawo ephakamileyo nje ngqiqweni. Giant polyethylene ibala ibonakala kuphela baphume emkhombeni, leyo akusondela kuye, okanye ukuntywila ne aqualung. Abanye abaphengululi bathi ukuba indawo ye-15 million neekhilomitha.

Ibhalansi eziguqukayo zeli ikhosistim

Xa sifunda maqhosha iiplastiki ezifumaneka emanzini, kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba ezinyakazela abantu yi kwiintsholongwane: omnye ezinga- kuye kwafunyanwa phantse eziliwaka iintsholongwane azinabungozi kwaye kungadala isifo. Kwathi kanti loo ndawo inkunkuma litshintsha kolwandle, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba baqikelele ukuba imiphumela, yaye ngenxa yokuba abantu buxhomekeke kakhulu eziphilayo ezikhoyo.

indawo pacific - asiyiyo saa kuphela ehlabathini, ehlabathini kukho lweetiphu ezintlanu eziphambili kunye eziliqela encinane emanzini Antarctica Alaska. Akukho specialist akayi kuba nako ukulichaza kakuhle liqondo yongcoliseko.

Le discoverer wesiqithi udoti okudadayo

Kakade ke, ubukho iziganeko ezifana inkunkuma siqithi, Abafoti eyaziwa kudala kwangaphambili, kodwa ke kwiminyaka engama-20 kuphela eyadlulayo ebuya regattas Captain Charles Moore wafumanisa ngeenxa izigidi bakhe kwezikhephe ngamasuntswana zeplastiki. Yena eyayingazange waqonda ukuba wahlamba kulo doti, ekube isiphelo. UCharles, waba nomdla kwi ingxaki, waseka kwimibutho yokusingqongileyo elungiselelwe ukufunda Pacific Ocean.

Ukususela iingxelo yachtsman, apho walumkisa mayelana usongo ijinga phezu koluntu, ekuqaleni usaziwa nje. Kwaba kuphela emva uqhwithela kakhulu, nto leyo silatyuzwa kunxweme Hawaii zeetoni zenkunkuma zeplastiki awabangela ukuba ukufa amawaka izilwanyana neentaka, ifani Moore waziwa kwihlabathi lonke.

oyi

Emva kweso sifundo, apho carcinogens olwandle sibanjwa, ezisetyenziswa xa kusenziwa iibhotile ngebhegi, i-American walumkisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo polyethylene uqalisa asongele ehlabathini lonke. "Zeplastiki elenza iikhemikhali emangalisayo ayityhefu - Wathi discoverer wesiqithi, eziquka ezidadayo inkukuma -. Ubomi Marine ukufunxa ityhefu, yaye ulwandle lwaba isophu yeplastiki."

Okokuqala, amasuntswana Doti kwi nezisu yezidalwa kwamanzi, uze ukuthutha abantu nembasa. Ekubeni polyethylene uba ikhonkco le ikhonkco lokutya, ukuba abantu igcwele zizifo ezibulalayo, ngenxa yokuba izazinzulu ziye kwangqineka ubukho yeplastiki emzimbeni womntu.

"Esi silwanyana wazikrazula le ngomnxeba"

Rudi ndisesiqithini akakwazi ukuhamba phezu kwamanzi iquka amasuntswana ngcaciso wokusungula isuphu turbid. Kwezenkolo Ndikufanekise kuyo izilwanyana ezinkulu, leyo elithotyiweyo le ngomnxeba. Xa yokulahla ifikelela umhlaba, i-chaos iqala. Kukho iimeko xa elunxwemeni zagutyungelwa "confetti" zeplastiki, apho amaxhoba kuphela abakhenkethi zeholide, kodwa iye yakhokelela ekufeni Ufudo yolwandle.

Noko ke, kokutshabalalisa ecosystem yendalo isiqithi inkunkuma, nto leyo ifoto bayicezele zonke iimpapasho ihlabathi phezu okusingqongileyo, oko ngokuthe ngcembe ajike abe iRose lokwenyaniso kunye tiyeke. Kwaye ukuba abaphengululi iyoyikeka kakhulu mihla bakholelwa ukuba kungekudala abe iindawo yayigcwele of amazwekazi.

Uwonkewonke kumhlaba

Muva nje, uluntu ebona into yokuba Maldives, apho ishishini zabakhenkethi obuchuliweyo kakhulu, avelise inkunkuma eninzi kakhulu. iihotele Luks musa bawo ukuze zirisayikilisheke, njengoko kumiselwe kwimigaqo yeNgxowa, kwaye enokulahlwa imfumba enye. Abanye boaters abangafuni ukuba alinde kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma, zibaphose nje emanzini, ibe yintoni okuseleyo, ukhwela kwisiqithi trash thilafushi esidalwe ngumntu, wajika waya yokulahla umzi.

Le ikona ayikho embhoxo eparadesi, zibekwe kufutshane kwikomkhulu Maldivian. Kule ezahlukeneyo ukusuka iiholide njngesiqhelo kwi ndawo apho abahlali uzama ukufumana izinto ezikhoyo ukuthengisa, kuxhonywe ilifu nomsi abamnyama ukusuka imililo inkunkuma. Itiphu inabela elwandle, kwaye sele iqalile yokungcola olomeleleyo lwamanzi, kwaye urhulumente ayilungiseki le ngxaki zokulahla inkunkuma. Ingaba abatyeleli ukufika thilafushi ngokukhethekileyo ukujonga intlekele ezenziwe kufuphi.

izibakala eyoyikisayo

Ngo-2012, iingcali ezivela kwiScripps Institution of Oceanography wafunda iziza zingcoliswe kufuphi nonxweme California waza wafumanisa ukuba sonke isixa senkunkuma liye landa izihlandlo ezilikhulu iminyaka emashumi mane. Kwaye le meko ukhathazeke kakhulu malunga abaphandi, kuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuya kufika ixesha xa kuza kuba nzima ukulungisa nantoni na.

impikiswano ingasonjululwanga

Akukho lizwe ayikho ukulungele ukwenza ekucoceni kweziza uyosuleleka, kunye Charlz waphi wathi ngokuzithemba ukuba ikwazi ukuba bonakalise nokuba urhulumente namanqatha. Island udoti lwePasifiki, ifoto ezibangela noloyiko ikamva lo mhlaba kukuba emanzini cala, yaye ujika ukuba junk lencopho - draw. Ngaphezu koko, akukho nje imali eninzi kakhulu, kodwa phantse isiganeko engenakwenzeka, kuba amasuntswana zeplastiki encinane ezinomlinganiselo efanayo ezincinane, kwaye okwangoku bazidina belungisa ezi nothungelwano ukuba wayeza kuba nako ukusahlula komgqomo ukusuka kubemi ezincinane zaselwandle. Kwaye yintoni na inkunkuma, nto leyo iminyaka emininzi kuphendule ezantsi, akukho bani owaziyo.

Izazinzulu zithi sinako ukuthintela inkunkuma emanzini, ukuba abantu abakwazi ukucima kwiziqithi udoti olwandle. Iifoto lweetiphu ezinkulu kwenza wonke umhlali Umhlaba ukubonisa kwiimeko apho kuya kubakho abantwana bakhe nabazukulwana bakhe. Nciphisa ukuselwa yeplastiki, yithathe ri, ekucoceni emva kwabo, yaye emva koko kuphela abantu baya kuba nako ukusindisa indalo unina kunye ezikhumbuzo ezizodwa ukuba asinike zona.