Sangaphandle - ntoni na? Isakhiwo sangaphandle

Eluswini, ngokutsho dermatologists ezininzi, ke ilungu yabantu ezintsonkothileyo. Ukuba ezahlukahukeneyo kunye ezahlukeneyo imisebenzi womnatha -abo imithambo yegazi kunye amaqela receptors-luvo, ukunika kubalulekile ekukhuseleni umntu ngeemeko zokusingqongileyo. Ngaphezu koko, isikhumba nayo idlala indima yokunxibelelanisa kokuba ukukwazi ukufumana ulwazi oyivileyo evela ngaphandle. Makhe umaleko aphezulu sangaphandle kubalulekile nje isithintelo ngomatshini, ixabiso layo inkulu kakhulu.

iimpawu Jikelele sangaphandle

Lilele lidala, eya ivuthwa, wafa kunye sele iiseli ufileyo sangaphandle. Yintoni na? Le Ilaphu yonke leyo eye ezahlukahukeneyo apho iiseli ezivela kumthombo omnye, kodwa amalungiselelo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke iqondo nokwanda. Sangaphandle na isithintelo lokuqala jikelele abajongene yi na eyingozi umzimba bume factor.

isakhiwo sixhobo sekhombuya: iimaleko ulusu

isakhiwo sekhombuya esikhumba - 3 maleko ezisebenzela ezahlukeneyo. Eyona ibalulekileyo kwezi yi- dermal ukuba igazi ezityeni, receptors kunye nezihlunu. Kwakhona ise ezinweleni dermis. Yaye "ukhokho" zabo, ngokunjalo ngezikhonkwane, ukuba sangaphandle. Yintoni na? Lo maleko horny iqhele ngaphezu dermis kwaye lidlala indima yokhuselo, kungekuphela nje ngokunxulumene kuyo, kodwa nayo yonke eziphilayo. dermis Little nzulu lo maleko ebalulekileyo ngaphantsi kwesikhumba - izihlunu, apho amanqatha oluhlala kuzo adipocytes.

isakhiwo sekhombuya of sangaphandle

Umaleko sinzulu yi-Basal leyo ngokupheleleyo iqulethe iiseli ekwaziyo yokwahlula. Ngenxa kubo kukho ukubuyiselwa iiseli ezonakeleyo kunye wemvula yezikali horny elahlekileyo. Ububanzi melanocytes maleko carcinomas ibekwe single ongazicebanga okanye iziyobisi sombala omnyama (bala lintsundu) efunekayo ukukhusela yelanga kwesikhumba.

maleko inameva ibekwe ngaphezu carcinomas zenziwe ngohlobo lemiqolo 3-8 aphilayo sele akakwazi ukwahlula. Baya kukhatshwa omnye komnye ngokusebenzisa lunamaqoqo cytoplasmic zakubonelela amandla ngoomatshini yesikhumba. Kwiindawo esikhumba phantsi kwiimpembelelo lwangaphandle kwenzeka rhoqo, nenani lamanqanaba ezinameva iiseli ukunyuka ziingceba 8-10. Kwezi ndawo akukho amadlala ukubila noboya: unyawo nesandla. Nomonakalo rhoqo nezinye iinxalenye esicwangciswe sangaphandle kwakhona eqinileyo ukwenza callus.

Ngoko nangoko ngaphezu umaleko spinous na granular, oluqulathe isiqingatha iiseli abafileyo epidermal. organelles wabo ukukwazi ukuvelisa amandla, kodwa bandisa isixa esikhulu tonofibrils. maleko Granular yakhiwa lamanqanaba iseli 1-2 kuphela oriented ngaxeshanye kumphezulu esikhumbeni.

maleko brilliant ekuthiwa ziiseli akanayo ngokupheleleyo organelles. injongo yazo - ukukhusela ngomatshini ulusu kunye ukuphela ngcembe, ukuthotywa ukuya corneum ezinawo. Le yokugqibela kukha. Kuyinto indibanisela iiseli enamaxolo abafileyo, ezo isithintelo enkulu kwiimpembelelo izifo.

Umsebenzi kweeseli epidermal

Umsebenzi ongundoqo sangaphandle kukudala imiqobo mechanical, ngokwasemzimbeni, zebhayoloji nemichiza, delimiting okusingqongileyo lwangaphakathi ukusuka Iintsholongwane nobonisa actual. Kodwa loo nto zonke iindima edlalwa yi sangaphandle. Yintoni na, nokuba ufana wachaza?

• Okokuqala, umaleko komhlaba ikhetha okusingqongileyo umzimba kunye nehlabathi ngaphandle ukukhusela umzimba lokuthintela ukuvuza kwezinto ezibalulekileyo kunye namacandelo.
• Okwesibini, kanye likhusela sangaphandle nxamnye ionizing corpuscular kunye wave radiation ngamandla eliphantsi, awanyakazela ngayo umzimba lijonge imihla ngemihla.
• Okwesithathu, sangaphandle ulusu - ikhemikali umqobo elungileyo ukuthintela ukungena kunye nokufunxwa kwezinto esibamba. Kwaye ke lipophilic (amanqatha-enyibilikayo) kokuba kufakwe kakuhle.
• Kwaye lokugqibela kuluhlu, kodwa akukho msebenzi ubaluleke kangako - ukhuselo eziphilayo. Kukho imali encinane kakhulu iintsholongwane nomngundo ezingasosulela abantu ngesikhumba. Basic indima yokhuselo idlalwa sangaphandle. Yintoni na? Le mechanical umqobo elungileyo elingaphumlisiyo akasivumeli ukufumana yintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, ngundo okanye amaphelo emzimbeni, ebangela ukudumba apho.

Ngaphandle melanocytes kunye neeseli abafileyo na imisebenzi sangaphandle ayikhange ilandelwe. iiseli Epithelial isebenze njenge isithintelo ngoomatshini, kunye melanocytes - zokukhanyisa. Oku kuthetha ukuba Ulobuza likhusela ngokuchaseneyo umonakalo komphunga kulwelo, kunye neeseli ebala - kwimitha yelanga. Konke oku eye wavumela ukuba ziziqhelanise iimeko ezithi zenzeke kweli hlabathi yesiqhelo. Ngapha koko, isikhumba uvumele uphuhliso eziphilayo apho umntu wavela, ephuma emanzini okoyisa elo lizwe.

Ezona mpawu ziphambili zale sangaphandle

Zonke ungqameko esikhumba phylogenetically wavela lokubonelela imisebenzi ethile. Sangaphandle lo dermis wenzelwe ukukhusela ngokuchasene neziphumo mechanical, ngokwasemzimbeni kunye imichiza. Le ukuze kuncitshiswe ukulahleka ulwelo leyo idliwa ukusuka kumphezulu wayo kuphela emva kokuba secretion unamadlala ukubila. Enye indlela ngokuba ukuvuza komzimba ulwelo ivela emzimbeni ulusu iyafumaneka.

Xa siqwalasela sangaphandle ukusuka kwindawo ukuhombisa lwembono, esizaziyo izibakala zilandelayo. Lo maleko nesikhumba ukuba imibimbi yako, akukho imithambo yegazi. Oku kuxhaswa yi Kunikwa zingangeni imithambo yegazi ke dermis kwesikhumba. Ngoko iingxaki zayo kuphela izithambiso zezi zilandelayo: hyperkeratosis (sangaphandle eqinileyo maleko) kunye nesikhumba yokuzikhwebula. Xa sidibanisa indlela la, kwaye ukhwekhwe, kunye nonyango ifuna ukusetyenziswa zokuthambisa.

Pathology kwe sangaphandle kunye melanocyte

Kukho iindidi eziliqela zizifo ezinokuthi ubunzima sangaphandle. Yintoni na nendlela ithi data sibonakalalisiwe, funda ngezantsi. Udidi lokuqala - izifo ezinxulumene nokonyuka ukuphinda-iiseli maleko epidermal Basal. Isifo kuthiwa ukhwekhwe. Kukho kwakhona imeko naso - ichthyosis, apho usana sele wazalwa hyperkeratosis kwaye azinakuphila. Iqela lesibini izifo sangaphandle - nethumba. Ukusuka sangaphandle angaphuhlisa cell carcinoma carcinomas wolusu. Le yokugqibela kususelwa melanocytes.