Siyazi njani irekhodi yam-inshorensi? Yintoni na ixesha inshorensi, yaye libandakanya? Ukubalwa inshorensi

ERashiya, bonke kudala ibihlaba ibinzana elithi "uhlaziyo pension" kwiminyaka yakutshanje, phantse unyaka ngamnye urhulumente wenza utshintsho oluthile mthetho. Abemi akanayo ixesha ukulandela zonke utshintshwano, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ukuqonda kule ndawo ifuneka ngokungxamisekileyo, kungekudala emva koko, wonke ummi onyanzelwayo ukuzibuza yokufumana ngayo i-inshorensi yakho umba umhlala-phantsi.

Indaba

Yavela kule nkcazelo ngenxa ekuqhubekekeni kuphuculo sungula ngo-1996. Ukususela ngoko, ngokuthe ngcembe uza ukuseka ubhaliso ngamnye abemi kwinkqubo pension jikelele. Enye amanqanaba ngokutsha na ixesha inshorensi. FZ of 01.04.1996 kunye 16.07.1999 №165 ukuyityhila ezahlukeneyo kolu luvo, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba kukho yintswela.

Umthetho wokuqala akazange ayikhankanye umsebenzi yabasebenzi, owesibini umntu ekwenzeni ngqo ngakumbi, kodwa kushiya imibuzo emininzi malunga amava inshorensi ngokwenyani. Le kuphikisana inkcazelo kuvumela ukuba nkqu ixesha xa abantu asebenza ngokusesikweni, kwaye transfers kuyo wayengekho PF.

definition

ixesha inshorensi - isixa esipheleleyo lamathuba ixesha ngummi umsebenzi phezu ebomini, apho zezavenge zihlawulwe rhoqo ngumqeshi okanye ngumrhwebi. Ukongeza, apha nazo zibandakanyiwe, xa ayikwazanga kwezimali kuyimfuneko:

• ukukhathalelwa komntwana ukuya kwiminyaka nesiqingatha esinye kunye;
• ukufumana kwi istock exchange, kunye nobume be abangasebenziyo;
• anyamekele umntu onesiphene okanye umntu omdala ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-80;
• ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yasekuhlaleni, ahlawulwa ngendlela ekhethekileyo;
• ngexesha abahlala kwamanye amazwe amaqabane oonozakuzaku.

Ukubalwa inshorensi kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi: ubude umsebenzi iminyaka, neempawu neemeko zokusebenza :. eziyingozi, enzima, zemozulu kunye nezinye iintlawulo ratio iminyaka jikelele kunye ezikhethekileyo zenkonzo yahlukile, ngamanye amaxesha kunzima kakhulu ngaphandle noncedo lwasemthethweni yobungcali ukuqonda uhlelo umsebenzi.

Yintoni umahluko ukusuka zabasebenzi

Yintoni na ixesha i-inshorensi, ukuba ukuqonda lula gqitha xa sisondela isifaniso kunye njengesiqhelo kuthi elithi "umhlala pension", ngo-2015, wawa waphuma ukusetyenziswa, kwaye usebenza kuphela abantu imisebenzi yenziwa izibalo de 2002. Ukususela ngowe-2003, zonke iintlawulo ziya kubalwa ukusuka iipremiyamu.

Kuphonononga ukusetyenziswa okuza pension ezizodwa amanqaku, kwaye iza kuhlaziywa kunyaka ngamnye kwiphepha elahlukileyo.

Ngubani na abafanele ukufumana

Siye okwangoku kwenzeka utshintsho olululo inkqubo enika umhlala kubemi Russian. Olucwangcisiweyo amanyathelo karhulumente ukwandisa le kweminyaka zokufumana ukhuseleko loluntu ukusuka urhulumente akakafiki kukholekisa, nangona kukho uphuhliso esebenzayo yale bill.

Ngoko ke, ngo-2017, sithembele afumane umhlala-phantsi inokuba ababhinqileyo, ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-55, kunye namadoda 60. Abo sele ukusondela kulo ubudala, kufuneka Khawulezisa uzame sizihlole ngokweenkcukacha zonke iinkcukacha ngokufumanisa irekhodi yakho inshorensi . Ukongezelela, ukususela 2015, urhulumente uchonge ukunyuka kancinane kwisithuba msebenzi labantu abasebenzayo, kuya kwenzeka ngokuthe ngcembe, ide ifike iminyaka eli-15.

iintlobo ezikhoyo

Ulwahlulo kuxhomekeke ingqesho okuvelisa iimpawu ubuninzi nobulunga wenkonzo, apho yokuqala - lonke ixesha, xa kwakukho izityholo, ngaphandle komsebenzi, kwaye eyesibini ibonisa awohluke kwimveliso.

1. Ithuba inshorensi iyonke - lonke zizonke zengqesho, xa inxalenye yemali kwakhona kwi Pension Fund ka-Russia. Ukongeza kwixesha zomsebenzi eziqhelekileyo, apha zifakiwe kunye nezinye ixesha ezaziwayo ngumthetho, iya ukunyamekela umntwana ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu, okanye indlela emkhosini.
2. amava inshorensi professional - ukuba ixesha lilonke umsebenzi ezinxulumene neemeko ezinzima okanye ezinobungozi emsebenzini okanye sezulu esibi.

Inkqubo yokubala endala-yomhlalaphantsi kunzima ukuqonda uninitiated, kodwa izibalo imigaqo impilo yabo elizayo kufuneka siqonde wonke ummi. Ingakumbi ngoku ukuba isonjululwe umbuzo ukwazi ukuba amava yakho inshorensi. Oku kungenziwa xa yesebe i-PF, kwakunye kwi website esemthethweni mbutho.

iimpawu zokuhlala

Future izibonelelo zentlalo eRashiya akhiwa kule nkqubo kwezikim yomhlalaphantsi enyanzelekileyo. Inkqubo ekubaleni i-inshorensi imiselwe ngumthetho federal ukusuka 17.12.2001 №173-FZ (ISityhi. On 11.19.2015). Iintlawulo babelwa babathwalela ngaphandle ngohlobo ngokukhawuleza, ixesha-okanye yomhlala ngemali.

Ukubalwa kumhlalaphantsi unokwenziwa usekelwe yeenqobo kwikhalenda, kwimeko ngamaxesha ngengozi, ukuba ummi unelungelo lokukhetha omnye wabo. Yonke imali ziguqulelwa amanqaku ezithile, inani labo kuxhomekeka iintlawulo zenyanga ngumqeshi kwingxowa-mali yomhlalaphantsi. Ezi amaxabiso ngurhulumente kunyaka ngamnye, njengoko nezalathiso ye emali ekhoyo. Ngaphezu koko, phantsi imeko isicelo semali yomhlala nje ngexesha, yaye kamva, ubukhulu iingongoma inshorensi iya kwanda kakhulu.

Kuba abo ngokubonelela imivuzo yabo, nto leyo ibe ngamalungu iifama, kwakunye nabameli bezizwe ezincinane ka eSiberia, amaxesha yomsebenzi efunekayo zibalwa komqathango wokuba benza yinxalenye rhoqo imivuzo yabo kwi Pension Fund ka Russian Federation. Lo mgaqo mnye uya kusetyenziswa koosomashishini ngamnye.

Le akhawunti akuyona ixesha inshorensi

Lo mthetho unika Kwiimeko ezizodwa apho umntu ayikwazanga ukwenza iminikelo rhoqo ukuze imali entle. Kuba abantu abanjalo urhulumente iseke inkqubo yalo yokubala amanqaku inshorensi:

• conscripts konyaka-- 1.8;
• anyamekele umntu okhubazekileyo, indoda endala ngaphezu kweminyaka 80 - 1.8;
• kwikhefu lokubeleka kunye nomntwana wabo wokuqala - 1.8;
• okwesibini - 3.6;
• yesithathu neyesine - 5.4.

Yaye ebudeni ukuqeqesha umntwana yesihlanu ngamava zizonke engasekho ifakiwe. Ngokuzimeleyo yenza zonke izibalo lula, kuba abantu abaninzi, nanku umbuzo, wazi ngani na amava yakho inshorensi. Namhlanje kungenziwa ngaphandle kokushiya ekhaya, PF Russia isebenza lucingo imini nobusuku, kwakunye lonke ulwazi kwi website yabo esemthethweni.

Wazi njani ulwazi lwakho

Ezi data kungafuneka kuphela ukuba ungene abanye kakuhle nelilifaneleyo, kodwa ekubaleni zekhefu lokugula. Kuba ngalunye kwezi ndidi sele inkqubo yalo ukubala lakhe. Ubungakanani ukukhubazeka okwethutyana ixhomekeke oluqhubekayo bexesha :

• ukusuka kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwiminyaka-5 - umqeshwa ahlawulwa-60% yomvuzo;
• ukusuka kwiminyaka 5 ukuya kwi-8 - 80%;
• kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe-8 sele-100%.

Ubunzima isenokuvela xa engqina ukulahleka uxwebhu recordation phosakeleyo okanye ukungabikho kwalo. Kodwa kwimeko ezintsonkothileyo, ungenza amalungelo abo kuwukhusela, ukuqinisekisa ulwazi yomlomo kuya kufuneka abanike izivumelwano zengqesho, iziqinisekiso zengqesho, izicatshulwa ezivela imiyalelo kunye akhawunti zakho, edwelisa umvuzo.

Ulwazi ichanekileyo indlela yokufumana phandle ingxelo yakho ye-inshorensi, ungafumana kwisebe lengingqi yakho ye PF. Kodwa ngoku kukho ukhetho lula: ngo-2015 kwi-website esemthethweni ye Pension Fund wabonakala inkonzo - ofisi yabucala apho wonke ummi Russian Federation uyakwazi ukufumana yonke ingcaciso eyimfuneko. Ukuze ufunde ukuze ufumane njani ukuba amava yakho inshorensi phezu Internet, oko kuya kuxoxwa ngezantsi.

Indlela yokufumana ulwazi

Yayikhona kuze inkqubo yokuhambisa 2012 zoonobumba chain ekuthiwa, waba ethile ezininzi, kuqala kwiinto zonke, na security of data zobuqu. Ngoku kwi esemthethweni website PF kwimo intanethi, ungafumana umcebisi, ukuba enze idinga okanye ukuyalela ukuba amaxwebhu ayimfuneko. Enye kakhulu lula iinkonzo - calculator umhlala-phantsi, ngalo naliphi na ummi Ungabala ubungakanani kweentlawulo elizayo.

Ukusombulula umbuzo njani ukwazi amava yakho inshorensi SNILS ukuqonda inkqubo iingongoma kweentlawulo nokuqinisekisa iintlawulo ngumqeshi, uyakwazi ukubona ofisi labucala. Ukuze ubhalise ngemvume kuya kufuneka idilesi yemeyile, inombolo yomnxeba kunye nekhadi yesazisi, kunye nofikelelo kwezinye data iinkonzo abagcine.

yokwenza isicelo

Bhalisa kwi-website ye-Pension Fund ivula umntu ukufumana gqolo ulwazi kubungakanani iintlawulo ezenziweyo ngumqeshi, ukufumana inani wamanqaku awafumeneyo nokusebenzisa wokubala umhlala Kulula ukubala ubungakanani izibonelelo zentlalo elizayo.

Le nkonzo iza kuba luncedo kwabo ningaqondi inkqubo yokubala yenkonzo etsalelwa umrhumo wepenshini kananjalo ndacinga ngekamva. kuni apha uza kufumana iimpendulo yonke imibuzo enxulumene nomhlala-phantsi, baze ngaloo ndlela babe nako ukwenza izicwangciso zabo umhlalaphantsi ezayo.

amanqaku

Practice lubonise ukuba abemi Russian bengengabo kulwazi kakuhle malunga nenkqubo kunye uhlobo lwe accrual ye pension ezindala-ubudala. Ezininzi bezibuza ukuba ingaba esibhedlele ixesha inshorensi ifakiwe. Ulawulo imithetho yase ziquka ixesha ukuba ixabiso lilonke, kodwa ke kuqondakale ukuba ummi oqeshwe ngokusemthethweni.

Kunzima ngakumbi ukufunda, iminyaka zibalwa kuphela xa loo mntu banelungelo lokufumana umhlala phambi kuphuculo laliqulunqwe ngo-2002

Zonke izibalo benefits kwixesha elizayo kwenzeka ngexesha elithile (ngokuqhelekileyo unyaka omnye). Ukuba kwesi sihlandlo kwentlawulo yexesha zange sele yenziwe kwingxowa-mali yomhlala-phantsi, okanye umfazi umlinganiswa lokunye, oko kungakhokelela underestimation yenxenye nesixhaswa ngemali. Ngokucacileyo, inkqubo ubalo iye bokuqonda kunye neempawu ezininzi, ngoko ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi malunga ngokufumanisa amava yakho inshorensi, kungcono ukuba isicelo iziphathamandla ezilawulayo.

uqikelelo

Ekuqaleni kuka-2017 uMphathiswa wezeMali wavakalisa ukuba kulo nyaka, zonke izindululo malunga yokuguqula inkqubo pension iza ekugqibeleni kwasekwa mazifakwe kwi-mthetho. Ezi nguqu zilandelayo ziya:

• ukwandisa kweminyaka, njengoko isenzeka, Akukabonakali ke kwaziwa, siza kuxubusha iindlela ukunyuka kancinane kunongeno, okanye ezitsolo, ukothuka tsiba;
• Tshintsha umyalelo nomhlala-phantsi wabasebenzi bakarhulumente;
• Kuya kuba yindlela entsha imali ugcino ngokuzithandela;
• amalungiselelo iwaranti lusekiwe.

Kucacile ukuba utshintsho zehlabathi kuza, kodwa umbuzo usahleli, ukulungele kangakanani kubo abemi baseRashiya ngokwayo, kwaye ukumqumbisa elilandelayo nokuba ezintsha yenye nengxaki kwezentlalo.