Sonata - yimveliso? Sonatas onjengokaMozart, uBeethoven, Haydn

Ukusuka kwindawo eqhelekileyo umbono womntu mihla, Sonata - yinto moya elula ezinobuchule ingcamango ngokomoya, kuxhotyiswa i amanqaku emangalisayo enhle, kusekwe uncuthu zaziwa likuvumela ukuba ukunandipha isandi emangalisayo. Nangona umdlalo enengqiqo iqhekeza umculo, kubalulekile ukuba uthathe ingqalelo icandelo lobugcisa inkqubo indalo.

Amanyathelo lokuqala instrumental esikolweni. Yintoni Sonata ukuba ipiyano kunye nezinye izixhobo zomculo?

Sonata - luhlobo lwe uhlobo lakudala umculo weentambula. Lo msebenzi iqulathe iindawo eziliqela, non-uniform kumafa zabo. A isici esasenza ezi zenzo kuxhomekeke kwinto yokuba zonke inxalenye isandi yabo ngamnye ngokupheleleyo, kodwa intsingiselo jikelele zigcinwe kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye isandi.

Olu hlobo binzana ekhoyo kuphela symphony kunye concertos. Eyona iphambili olwahlula zonke ezi ntlobo umdlalo injongo umculo:

• Sonata - yinto umculo classic weentambula ezenziwa izixhobo omnye okanye emibini.
• Symphony kuya kubhalelwa iokhestra epheleleyo.
• Concert imele abulawe umsebenzi somculo kuphela ophambili.

Sonata: cinga inxalenye enkulu

Ukuqala intwana umculo simelwe ukudlala ngok izikolo zomculo. Xa umculo izikolo obizwa ngokuba "sesichengeni". Umbhali ukhululekile nokunikezelwa kukungakhuseleki njenge into yehlabathi, kunye nemeko yayo yangaphakathi. Kuyinto le yinxalenye yomsebenzi ibonisa ubuninzi benani uhlobo ngengqondo kunye nohlobo ziyaphikisana kunye recalcitrance ukuba nempembelelo lwangaphandle.

I malunga ngqo inxalenye yesibini Sonata - "uphuhliso". Ukuba imvelaphi umculo livela mibala fast nokuchasanisa, uphuhliso emnandi ngakumbi yaye ezolile iphilile. Apha, njengoko umthetho, umqambi ibonisa phezu iimvakalelo zakhe, yena abuze imibuzo, ukuzama ukufumana isisombululo kule ngxaki. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi iziqwenga umculo ukutya kakhulu vangama yentanda zenzululwazi.

Isahlulo sesithathu nelokugqibela, ebizwa ngokuba "recapitulation" wabe kwindawo esebenzayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i Reprise ivumela umphulaphuli lokonwabela isandi festive, ukudlala emnandi. ngomzuzu wokugqibela umculo italente kunye isantya ngokumangalisayo oluhle kunye ngokukhawuleza.

Secret kuninzi ukuncwina Umqambi unako ukuveza kuphela Sonata

Zizo zonke iinyama umculo akha ngentla uthe umfundi ngamnye ukuba Sonata - ayikho nje iseti amanqaku, ezinqwenelekayo ukuphulaphula. Ayikho! Lo moya elimangalisayo evulekileyo umqambi wacinga ukuba ngexesha ekudalweni wobugcisa waba uqumbile phezu ekusonjululweni umba obalulekileyo, waba kwimeko uvuyo okanye ingane waziva awayeba buhlungu. Kungenxa yoko le nto sonatas ezininzi, eminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo, nangoku sele bungalahleki kwesinomhlwa ukufaneleka kwayo ehlabathini bobuchule kutsala ubuhle enkulu yesandi.

Ebudeni uphuhliso zembali ezinkulu kuphela uhlanga lwethu, kodwa abantu ngokubanzi, uluntu na indalo knowable of buchopho zomculo. Ezi zililo ababhali abadumile isiseko kubalulekile ukubonelela ngemfundo umculo yaseprayimari. It sonatas Ababhali ezinkulu, sithetha ngayo oya kuhamba ngayo, nikhonze njengomzekelo uphuhliso incasa Kwalungiselelwa, ekhulisayo ubuhle ngokomoya yaye yokulandelana nezinto ezifanelekileyo.

Pathetique Sonata: indlela nomxhelo ngokwakho phezulu

Omnye imisebenzi yokuqala baqhelene abafundi kwizikolo zomculo, na Sonata ayinyamezeleki bukaBeethoven. wobugcisa Musical owadalwa 1798, ehlabathini umculo neyobungcali eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Uninzi ayinyamezeleki Sonata".

igama lokuqala livele umbhali nguBeethoven. Liguqulwe lithatyathwa kwigama lesiGrike elithi 'bokubanga "lithetha" eziphakamileyo, imo ophakamileyo. " Yiloo nto, ukuba umphefumlo wakho ngequbuliso bahlasela lusizi, siya kufuneka achithe nje imizuzu embalwa ukuphulaphula Sonata enkulu umqambi enkulu kunye namanqaku elibi umoya kukubasela.

UBeethoven Sonata sound lonke kwiindawo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo ububi kunye ukudlala. Icandelo ngalinye usebenza isandi ekhethekileyo, wayezenza umntu, ngokungafaniyo nayiphi na ukwakheka, kodwa simanyene yi ingcamango owodwa kwaye namanqaku yombhali.

Nkqu ababephila ukuqaphela Sonata elinye kwimbali lomculo ukwenza eyona, isibindi, lo gama kuthathelwa ingqalelo peculiarity yokusingqongileyo kwixesha ubomi bukaBeethoven bakhe.

UMozart - skripochnyh virtuoso Affairs

UMozart Sonata namhlanje eyaziwa kulo lonke ihlabathi phantse bonke abemi balo. Ngenxa lula yokudibanisa lilt umculo isandi olumangalisayo yale umqambi zithandwa unanamhla.

lendalo Umbhali wakhe kudale kwiminyaka 6. Yaye ndiya kuqhubeka ukuba anike ubugcisa yomculo 1788. Xa zizonke, uye wakwazi ukuba yobuciko ngaphezulu kwama-30 kukhutshelwe kuphela ngokusetyenziswa kwe violin.

Wangena phantsi imbali yingqondi bazifake, bakwazi ukuyila ukuxuba umculo icula imini entwasahlobo. Style "incoko musical" yenye yezona omthandayo kwaye ezintle.

Fancy ekudaleni indalo zomculo

sonatas uMozart zaye zabhalwa "ngokungathi kunjalo, phakathi amaxesha" - ukuba umqambi wabhalela kuyise. Ngaphezu koko, hayi ukunika uthando esikhethekileyo kunefidyoli, uMozart wakhetha ukudala Ukuqamba zomculo emangalisayo xa zidityaniswe kunye nezinye izixhobo zomculo.

umsebenzi ngamnye lithetha isimo onjengokaMozart. Uthando indalo zomculo ziqokelelwe uluvo kuchulumancisa ngokucacileyo iziganeko anamava. amaninzi kakhulu kwimakhishithi umculo zifumaneka ngamava yonxibelelwano naloo meko okanye loo mntu. Kwaye ke, eyona njongo yeNkosi eyayicace umculo sincedwa uthando Aloysia Weber.

Umculo ekuqondeni onjengokaMozart

Ukuqala umsebenzi zomculo isekelwe kwingcamango sonatas sokubhala eekonsathi ekhaya. inkanuko olulodwa imisebenzi uMozart kaThixo iphenjelelwa abameli Army. Umnqweno kakhulu wopapasho ngokukhawuleza imisebenzi zomculo kwi efihlakeleyo izandi lula. Iingqokelela ekuqaleni badalwa ngenjongo yokuba intengiso msinya.

Xa nokuqonda Sonata uMozart kaThixo - yinto moya elula ezinobuchule iingcamango umqambi, hayi ozibiza ngokuba yimpumelelo, kwaye uyakubona ukuba ukugxekwa evela ngaphandle.

Enoba inani iinguqulelo ukuba babekho kule imveliso, la manqaku okugqibela zisoloko luphawulwa ukungakhathali ubukhazikhazi. Okuqukumbela mathuba emnandi yenza umphulaphuli silibale ukuba loluphi ukuphulaphula. Enoba siganeko ukuze baphile emsebenzini, umqambi bazama ukubonisa "want."

A kangako Haydn

Ukuba unqwenela gxwa elwandle iziganeko ezisemagqabini, Haydn sonatas ilingane ayikwazanga ibe ngcono kulo. inqaku ngalinye yomsebenzi umculo umqambi isixelela isenzo hero.

Zimbalwa bemeko- ihlabathi umculo ukuba Haydn ngaxeshanye onjengokaMozart igcinwe ubuhlobo ezinkulu kunye nabo. indalo zomculo we umbhali Austria umkholise ukuva iingcali ezininzi umculo ocoliweyo, unanamhla.

A style ofumanekayo iyoma e Sonata nganye, i inkcubeko ethandwayo of Austria, phantse akazange ukutshintsha umxholo yayo yoqobo. Umzekelo, Sonata "E minor" yahlukile echwayithile, jocularity, ukudlala, liveliness. Nokubetha le mveliso senzelwe ukuba kukhanye yaye wothuka macala onke. A kancinci ezihlekisayo unika nangobuciko enkulu.

"Tales" yi Haydn

Ngalinye izayamaniso zomculo umculo ibali ubomi ezahlukeneyo. Iyamangalisa, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuphulaphula baze basebenze bebodwa entloko kuvela amabali, imifanekiso, izenzo sizibophelele kwakheka. Ezi sonatas yi Haydn kwaye uthabathe nomphulaphuli.

Nanamhla oku, akukho namnye ehlabathini umculo professional ayikho ukwazi ukudlulisela ibali lakhe sinexhala kangangokuba esinika Haydn. Inxalenye yokuqala sonatas - ukudityaniswa ziphikisana abenza ekwanezi ngoma. Mid lizisa lilt emnandi ngonyawo lonwabu. Njengomgaqo, kule nxalenye imisebenzi beva buhlungu, phawula wistful. Yaye ekupheleni umphulaphuli nga va isabelo iziqhulo, ukudlala, yiva enomoya wokuphila kuyo.

Kubonakala, kuphela Sonata ... Hayi, ukuba iwindow kwenye ehlabathini, kwenye ebomini, kwenye inyaniso, nto leyo ebiza ukuze bazive bekhululekile!