Spirochete kuba luthuthu. Iarhente causative of negcushuwa - treponema iba

Pallidum (oko kukuthi, asazi yonke) - iintsholongwane, kokuphilayo kweseli olunye-ukuba Unazo lwegciwane wesintu ekwaziyo ebangela izifo ezosulelayo. Uhlobo kakhulu yingozi ezizizo - lipholi treponema, yi-arhente causative i kwezifo ezifana neegcushuwa - negcushuwa.

Treponema pallidum (of Treponema Pallidium) yabhaqwa 1905 zizazinzulu German kunye microbiologists E. and F. Hoffmann Schaudinn.

iimpawu spirochetes

Gram-negative igciwane na le yomntu odyojwe kukungcola gram idayi aniline (imethyl violet), kodwa olumbhatshileyo kuphela. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba ubume yeseli eludongeni yebhaktiriya (a iqokobhe) yi elomeleleyo ngaphezu eziphilayo Igram-HIV. Oku kwenza i iseli uyala inyathelo kwezinto antibacterial, nokuba iziyobisi okanye eziqulathwe ematheni, kwaye netuwa ukusuka ngeempumlo iindinyana lysozyme - enzyme ekwaziyo kutshabalalisa iintsholongwane neebhaktiriya.

baluthuthu Spirochete yohlukile kwezinye iintsholongwane ngobude balo kunye nesakhiwo engaqhelekanga. Ezi iiseli ejijekileyo ngendlela uwele. ubude spirochetes yahluka ukusuka microns-8 ukuya ku-20, nto leyo eyenza kube ayaba ezinye iintsholongwane. Kuyinto mobile, ukusika, yenza spirally, waguqa njengenyoka. Kwi-avareji, lo spirochete ezimalunga 10 curls ukubonakala liyafana corkscrew ngenxa yewayini otkuporki.

Le zeeseli fibrils (Ngokufanayo izinto misila) ukwenzela ukuba ukuhamba kakuhle ngaphandle okunene batyibilike abhabhe. Fibrils ukujikeleza, ukusika, ukunika intshukumo.

Yindawo yokuhlala igutyungelwe spirochetes inwebu engaphandle, kuba phantsi apho eludongeni yeseli, i inwebu cytoplasmic, nesilinda protoplasmic kunye icytoplasm ezingqongileyo. Isilinda alekwe misila, leyo, ukuba ngaphakathi esiseleni, ukukwazi zokunika flex kunye neGaza.

spirochete Pale are anaerobic. Oko kukuthi, ngenxa yomphefumlo ngokupheleleyo akukho isidingo sokuba oksijini, nto leyo eyenza kube indawo yokuhlala, ezifana umzimba womntu. Le mithombo yamandla ayo ubomi - acid kunye carbohydrate.

Kodwa ezinye iimpawu ezikhethekileyo. Isibakala sokuba spirochete ikwazi ukuzandisa kuphela 37 ° C esebenzisa ngokwahlula kanye qho kwiiyure ezingama-30.

negcushuwa

Negcushuwa - isifo esinganyangekiyo esichaphazela inwebu yangaphakathi, enyama yangaphakathi, amathambo, intlala, ulusu, kunye nenkqubo-luvo. Treponema pallidum - sisidleleli, i-arhente causative of negcushuwa.

Zizifo lwenzeka ubukhulu becala ezosulela ngesondo, kodwa bayagula kwakunye nabo eduze yasekhaya (iitawuli, iimveliso ibhafu, iireyiza, kunye nebrashi zokuhlamba amazinyo), ukutofelwa igazi i negcushuwa abantu abosulelekileyo. Kwakhona ukusuka kumama abagulayo wathelela iziqhamo.

Ukuba nokwenzeka yokosulela kwe-pathogen ngokusebenzisa umchamo kunye namathe sele bokuba, kodwa ukuba kukho izilonda emlonyeni, ngokwenkcazo apho unako ukuphila spirochetes. Kodwa bacterium baphile kakuhle ngobisi lwebele lukamama, amadlozi.

Uphuhliso sifo amaxesha ayo okuhlangana

Kwisithuba seeveki 3 emva Treponema pallidum - arhente causative of negcushuwa, wabetha eziphilayo kuthatha ixesha sokukhulisa, elisuke nazimpawu. Emva kokuba kumele kube ixesha lokuqala, ngoko lesibini nelesithathu.

Igciwane uyakwazi ukwaba endotoxin ityhefu igazi kunye nezibilini malunga nesigulane eso.

Emva kokuba okuthatha, isilonda elingenabuhlungu amiliswe endaweni ekuqalisweni kwe-arhente, uze iqala ixesha lokuqala, okuhlala malunga 5-6 iiveki. iindawo nkovu asha.

Kweli xesha zasesekondari, iimpawu izilonda ezininzi iimilo ezahlukeneyo kwi izandla neenyawo, echaphazela luvo yomguli, enyama yangaphakathi (kwizintso, isibindi, intliziyo).

Amajoni omzimba uzama zinqanda spirochetes yokuzala, ukunika impendulo akhuselayo ngohlobo omzimba, apho igciwane yokuzala kade. Isifo kudambe ngokufutshane. Kodwa ke umzimba engakuqondi sizoyisa zonke amaziko ukudumba, ngoko emva kwexesha eqalisa sifo inkqubela kwakhona. Ngoko ke ungaya phambili iminyaka, ebonisa ikhondo ezingapheliyo kwesi sifo.

Inqanaba ephakamileyo luphawulwa ukutshatyalaliswa ancedisana amalungu, syphilitic kukuqulungana ukwakheka, ukutshatyalaliswa intlala bone. Ukuba isigulana akafumani unyango, usulelo kukhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni lweenkqubo zomzimba (isifo semithambo, izihlunu intliziyo, izivingco).

negcushuwa okhulelweyo

Abasetyhini abo babelwa unyango ukuya kwiiveki ezili-16 zokukhulelwa, kwimveku basemngciphekweni yokulahlekelwa, ukulahlekelwa umntwana ekuzalweni okanye abe ngunina wosana, ukuba negcushuwa isigulane bekhubazekile. Ukuba abantwana ukuphila emva kokuzalwa, kwiiveki zokuqala ebomini babo ibonakalise iimpawu yabangxamayo eziziiprayimari neziziisekondari negcushuwa, ukukhubazeka ithambo ngeempumlo, ukungeva ngeendlebe, ebunzi abadumileyo.

unyango eyaneleyo

Spirochete bujike kancane kancane kwentshukumo iintlobo ezininzi antibiotics. It awusebenzi penicillins eqhelekileyo, macrolides. Le ntsholongwane eziza kuqaliswa kuloo kwiiseli olunga- phakathi inwebu yangaphakathi nemithambo, nto leyo eyenza kube ingafikeleleki kwiziyobisi.

Benzathine penicillin G isetyenziselwa unyango lwazo indawo erythromycin okanye tetracycline.

spirochete sakuba lokuqala okanye negcushuwa lesibini kuphele unyango olufanelekileyo ngempumelelo. Esi sifo zicingeleka waphilisa xa seronegativatsii kunye nokungabikho iimpawu ebudeni bonyaka.

negcushuwa tertiary mihla kunqabile, senzeka ukungabikho unyango. Enzima kuthomalaliso, ukuphazamiseka zisenzeka ezi ayibuyiseki umva, nisingise ukukhubazeka okanye ukufa.

Uthintelo losuleleko

Ngoku, xa kwacaca ukuba spirochete - ntoni na, ukuba kuyingozi kubalulekile ukucinga malunga namanyathelo kuthintelo losuleleko.

Into yokuqala ukugcina ubomi babantu bokwabelana ngesondo ngokucacileyo ngokusebenzisa iindlela ibakhusela zokucwangcisa - condom.

Ukusetyenziswa injecting abasebenzisi iziyobisi nokwabelana iisirinji, izikhongozeli ekulungiseleleni iziyobisi - yingxaki lwehlabathi ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kwinqanaba likarhulumente kulo. Oku kuphela kungakhokelela ukusasazeka negcushuwa, kodwa kwezinye izifo eziyingozi (HIV, ihepatitis C).

abafazi abakhulelweyo xa ubhalisa kufuneka uye isifundo ekupheliseni ingozi ukuya sifo kusana olungekazalwa.

Ukuthobela kunye nemigaqo yokuziphatha imithetho eziziziqalelo yezempilo - ezi amanyathelo ezisisiseko musa ukuvumela nokudla kwamagciwane kwezifo ezidluliselwa ngeentlobano zesini. Inkcubeko ukuziphatha eyiyo nefanelekileyo kufuneka ziphuhliswe ukususela ebuntwaneni ukuba abe yinxalenye yobomi eluntwini.