Iseli udonga kunye nendima yayo umsebenzi cell plant

Udonga seli iquka wentlonze ngqongqo kwaye ashinyeneyo ibekwe kwi ndizayo cytoplasmic. Le sakhi uphawu ngenxa iiseli iintsholongwane, umngundo kunye nezityalo. Ukongeza iiseli ekhusela, wenza iqokobhe kunye inani neminye imisebenzi ebalulekileyo ngokulinganayo nzima.

udonga Cell: ulwazi ngokubanzi

Iseli udonga umzimba nganye eziliqela iimpawu. Ngokomzekelo, xa iintsholongwane kuba iqulathe ncakasana murein. Kwenzeka ukuba, kunye neentlobo-bacteria zahlulwe iintlobo ezimbini - Igram-akhabayo kunye navumelanayo-Igram - ngenxa awohluke ngesakhiwo istili ngqwabalala. Oku kugqiba uvakalelo lwabo antibiotics.

Ukuba sithethe iindonga iseli ye nomngundo, kumacandelo abo ephambili glucans ngazo futhi ngechitin. Kodwa ulwelwe iqokobhe kusenokuquka polysaccharides ezahlukeneyo - ubukhulu becala glucose kunye nemixube yayo. Ke kaloku, ukwakhiwa yeseli udonga ulwelwe yi zohlaza ebaluleke kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula yaye malunga neqela diatoms, ogama abameli nokulungelelanisa donga yabo dust.

Iseli Udonga izityalo kunye nemisebenzi yayo

Imigaqo lwesakhiwo engqongqo esiseleni inwebu yeyona lula ukufunda umzekelo iseli izityalo. Nangona ukhuseleko mechanical - le yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo imisebenzi iseli eludongeni, isiphathele ziyakubaluleka kakhulu:

• Inika mechanical nemichiza kweelana iiseli;
• kuthintela uqhekeko iiseli in hypotonic medium;
• iseli udonga miso ion, njengoko ithwalwa ngokusebenzisa ukufunxeka kunye nokukhululwa ion;
• ithatha inxaxheba ukuthuthwa oganikhi khompawundi.

Isakhiwo weseli eludongeni

Udonga yezityalo yahlulwe amacandelo ezintathu eziphambili: kwisakhelo, isizalo kunye izinto incrusting.

isityalo isakhelo cell eludongeni liquka kwincindi. Ngenxa ukuyilwa iibhondi hydrogen, iimolekyuli neselulosi zenze microfibrils ngamandla, nto antywiliselwa kwi into ezisisiseko, okanye matrix.

I matrix bodonga iseli yi malunga ne-60% yabo ubunzima bayo iyonke. Ugcwalisa isithuba phakathi microfibrils, kwaye kudala obusenyongweni phakathi macromolecules, inika luthambe kunye namandla kobume cell. Awona macandelo matrix ephambili isiHindi kunye pectin.

• IsiHindi i polysaccharide, isakhiwo sayo ezifana kwincindi, kodwa elifutshane kunye monomers branched-chain.
• Pectin jonga polysaccharides, kodwa ukwakhiwa kwawo kwakhona iquka yokutyiwa methyl utywala. Ngenxa ukuyilwa imixokelelwane imichiza kunye calcium nezinki ion, pectin uthatha inxaxheba ekubunjweni phakathi amacwecwe - indawo apho iiseli ezibekwe ngecala izinto ezihambelanayo. Phela, inani elikhulu pectin ezifumaneka kwizityalo iziqhamo.

Encrusting izinto kwiimeko ezininzi zimelwe lignin, nto leyo yenza malunga ne-30% ngokobunzima owomileyo eludongeni cell.

• Lignin uyakwazi mayifakwe kwi umaleko eqhubekayo okanye ngohlobo izinto ezahlukeneyo - jiko, gauze okanye izangqa. Le nto isebenza isamente - eziwudibanisayo imicu neselulosi kunye. Ngenxa lignification, iindonga iseli zibe mene ukumelana ngakumbi manzi. Hi ndlela leyi, i-lignin inoxanduva lignification izityalo.

Lidla umphezulu olungaphandle iseli inwebu efakwe izinto ezifana cutin, suberin kunye wax.

Suberin lifakwa kwicala elingaphakathi iseli inwebu, ngokubonelela inkqubo suberization. Loo iseli uba ingenwe ngokupheleleyo ukufuma, ngoko ikuquletheyo ezizaliswa ngokukhawuleza ziyafa, kwaye isithuba uzaliswe ngumoya.

Umsebenzi ophambili we into angwevu, anencindi kunye Ulobuza - kukukhusela iiseli ukusuka kulawulo losulelo, kwaye nokunciphisa amanqanaba abe ngumphunga amanzi.

Sinokuthi eludongeni iseli - siyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yeseli izityalo, nto leyo eqinisekisa uphuhliso yayo yesiqhelo.