St Petersburg Mint kunye nembali yayo

Omnye wamakhadi oshishino eSt. Petersburg kuthathwa njengeyintsika yakhe - enye yezona zidumileyo kwihlabathi. Eyasungulwa ngo-1724, ekugqibeleni yaba ngumvelisi omkhulu weemali-kuquka igolide nesilivere, imiyalelo, imihlobiso kunye nezinye iimveliso zetsimbi ezingenayo. I-St. Petersburg Mint iphakathi kwamashishini okuqala asekuhlaleni asekelwe kwiNkampani yeMntla.

Iintsimbi kwiNewva

Phakathi kweemibhalo zembali zexesha likaPetrine, kwasala umyalelo wokutyunjwa wenkosi, ngoDisemba 12, 1724. Kulo, iyona ephezulu iyalwe kwintsimi yePetros noPaul yasePoland esandula kwakhiwa ukulungiselela umxube weemali zegolide. Lo mhla u-St. Petersburg Mint ucinga ngokuzalwa kwakhe. Kwakuloo nto leyo imali yaseRashiya yayihlotshisiwe okokuqala ngqalela "ISSPB", eyaziwayo kubo bonke abaqokeleli beemali namhlanje, kwaye yaba ngu-1914, kwikhadi lokutyelela yaseSt. Petersburg.

Ngethuba elidlulileyo ukususela ngomhla wesiseko sayo, iintengo zemali ezahlukahlukeneyo zegolide, iplatinum kunye nesilivere zatshintshwe kwishishini. Amanye amazwe angaphandle ayenziwa. Ezi ziquka ukuveliswa kwamaDucats aseDutch ngo-1768-1769 kunye nabapasta baseTurkey ngexesha lokusukela ngo-1808 ukuya ku-1809. Ukususela ngo-1833, ukuveliswa kwemali yesiRashiya, eyayinesiqhelo esiphantsi kweRashiya-Polish esontweni, yasungulwa. Ingxaki yeemali ezinjalo zaqhubeka kude kube ngu-1841.

Khumbula iimali ezindala kunye nezitsha

Xa kwimizuzu yamacandelo, njengesiTavrichesky (e-Feodosiya), i-Suzunsky (eSiberia) kunye neTiflis, ukuveliswa kweentlobo zemali ezilandelayo kwaqulunqwa, kwaye i-series yecandelo lezilingo lwaye lwaveliswa, njengommiselo, kwiibhanki ze-Neva. Apha ngowe-1911, iimali zeesilingo ezivela kwi-nickel zatshilwa. I-teknoloji yokwenza kwabo yenziwe ngokukodwa kwi-laboratory ye-mint.

Kuyaziwa ukuba ukususela ngo-1762 ukuya ku-1796 eRashiya loo mali yayigqityiweyo ngokuphindaphindiweyo, oko kukuthi, ukunikela ngeemali zemali ezadlulileyo ngaphambili umfanekiso oncedisayo ngoncedo lwesitampu esitsha. Oku kubangelwa izizathu zoqoqosho. Ukufezekisa inkqubo, iSt. Petersburg Mint yonyulwa njengeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo kwizakhono zayo zobuchwepheshe.

Ngombulelo kwizinga eliphezulu lobugcisa bemveliso, izitya zekosikazi zazivame ukuveliswa apha - izitampu kunye nomfanekiso okhuselekayo kwiimpahla zangasese zasekhaya, kunye neenkampani zamanye amazwe ezasayina izivumelwano kunye norhulumente waseRashiya.

Ukuveliswa kweempawu zeprayimamu

Ukongeza kwimveliso engentla, iSt. Petersburg Mint iminyaka emininzi yenze umsebenzi kwimveliso yeemali kunye nemiyalelo. Lo kwakuyindawo ebalulekileyo kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu kumsebenzi wakhe. Loo mveliso ubonisa ubunzima obunzima, kuba kufuneke ngexesha elide ubukhulu bezobuchwepheshe kunye nobugcisa bokusebenza. Imbali igcinwe ngamagama amaninzi eengcali zengoma ezidlulileyo kwiiminyaka ezidlulileyo.

Uphando lwezesayensi kwibhubhoratri yeshishini

I-Mint nayo ixabiseke kakhulu ekuphuhlisweni kwezenzululwazi kunye nekhnoloji yasekhaya. Ephakathi kwekhulu le-18, imisebenzi yesayensi kwiqhekeza lentsimbi exabisekileyo yaqala kwiindonga zayo. Amagama abaqambi beRussia abadumileyo, njengo-AK Nartov, i-IA Schlatter, uPG Sobolevsky kunye no-BS Yakobi, banxulumene nabo. Imisebenzi yabo yaba nempembelelo enkulu kwinkqubela yeRussia ye-XVIII-XIX yeenkulungwane.

Ngexesha elivela ngo-1876 ukuya ku-1942 indawo ephambili yokukhutshwa kwazo zonke iintlobo zeengqekembe, iindondo kunye nemiyalelo yayisisiseko saseSt. Petersburg, isibonakaliso sokubonakala kwizinto ezininzi zelo xesha. Kwilabhuyibrari, ubuchwepheshe obuyingqamene obuhlobene nokupheka kwama-enamel zaphuhliswa, kunye nokuveliswa kwemigangatho yemiyalelo kunye neendondo.

Iminyaka ngexesha lemfazwe

Xa imfazwe yavela ngo-1941, inxalenye ebalulekileyo yezixhobo zenkampani yaxoshwa ngasemva yaza yahlala eKrasnokamsk, kwiivenkile ze-Goznak iphepha lokugaya. Iingcali ezigqibeleleyo ezingama-40 zathunyelwa eLeningrad ukuba zifakwe kwaye ziyibeke.

Yiyo yonke into eyenziwa ngumzi onqabileyo, ekubeni ubuninzi bebasebenzi balo babephambili okanye balwa namaqela abantu. Ngexesha lemfazwe, xa imfuno yeemali kunye nemiyalelo yayiphezulu kakhulu, i-mint yaseKrasnokamsk ayikwazanga ukuyigcwalisa ngokupheleleyo. Kule nkalo, urhulumente wagqiba ekubeni enze i-mint eMoscow, kwintsimi yomshicileli wokuprinta.

Ibhizinisi elidala kunazo zonke zeGoznak

Namhlanje, iSt. Petersburg Mint, ogama layo limelelwe kwiimali ezininzi zexesha lanamhlanje kunye nemiyalelo, inxalenye yombutho waseRussia uGoznak.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uluhlu lweemveliso eziveliswe kuyo luye lwaba lukhulu kakhulu, ekubeni kunye nemimiselo yombuso, abazimeleyo, beza kubini kunye nakwezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zorhwebo, zenziwa. I-SPMD (iSt. Petersburg Mint) isicatshulwa ngokubanzi kubo bonke abaqokeleli, abanomdla wokuqokelela imali.