The Republic of Bulgaria: izinto, iifoto zabo. Tours ku Bulgaria: amaxabiso, ncomo

The Republic of Bulgaria ise ngasempumalanga Balkan Peninsula. Kuye yaba yindawo iholide owuthandayo abakhenkethi abasuka kumazwe awahlukeneyo. Ilizwe yaziwa hayi kuphela elunxwemeni yayo amahle ahlala abantu, kodwa inani elikhulu ezikhumbuzo zendalo, zenkcubeko nezembali.

lizwe yabucala

De November 15, 1990 eli lizwe ngokuba Peoples Republic of Bulgaria. Namhlanje igama elithi "ezithandwayo" igama yanyamalala. Labemi - million 7,5 zabantu. Kwesihloko - Sofia. abamelwane elikufutshane Bulgaria - Greece, Serbia, Turkey, Romania, Macedonia.

Empumalanga, eli lizwe zihlanjwe amanzi oLwandle Black, edityaniswe kuyo Ukraine, kwaye okubandezeleka iDardanelles kunye Bosporus - kunye namazwe lweMeditera. Bulgaria - le lelinye lamazwe incinane eYurophu, kunye indawo elingagqithanga ezikwere zeekhilomitha 111.000.

iimeko zemozulu

The Republic of Bulgaria abe imozulu epholileyo epholileyo yezwekazi. It ephawulwe ngokucacileyo amaxesha amane. impembelelo lweMeditera ngokukodwa ngayo apha emzantsi. I-avareji lobushushu wonyaka ungadlulanga +10,5 ° C. NgoJanuwari, ubushushu avareji - malunga 0 ° C. Ehlotyeni, ithemometha lingaphumi ngasentla +30 ° C.

inkolo

AmaKristu Orthodox i-86,7% yabantu, 13% - Muslims. Church Bulgarian yi lokuzimela kwaye yonganyelwe ubhishophu.

abangcwele Bulgaria

Abahlali Bulgarian ahlonipha abangcwele lamiselwa yiCawa. Phakathi kwabo:

• Sveti Vlas - abakhusela zabelusi, togovtsev.
• Saints uConstantine Helena - umama kunye nonyana. UConstantine waba ngumlawuli uBukhosi baseRoma, ukuba wenze amandla woonongendi lamaKristu.
• Enravota (Bojan, Gorha) - le nkolo yokuqala Bulgaria.
• Naum, ukukhuthaza, kunye uCyril Methodius nokubhala kunye nenkcubeko zonqulo.
• Kliment Ohridski - ngumlandeli kunye nomxhasi ka uCyril Methodius.
• Boris I wathi ubuKristu unqulo karhulumente, eyaziwa ngokuba umbhaptizi yaseBulgaria ngo-865.
• Peter I wenza ibandla Bulgarian ezimeleyo evela eConstantinople.
• Gorazd Ohrid owayengumfundi Methodius, emva kokufa njengomfundisi wakhe, waba endaweni uBhishophu Omkhulu Moravia.
• Dimitry Basarbovski imbeko njengoko monk, onako ukumphilisa.
• Anastasiy Strumitsky - nkolo. ngosuku lwakhe isikhumbuzo Bulgaria ibhiyozela ngomhla wama-29 Agasti.
• Paraskeva Srpska eyaziwa kwaye iziqu ngenxa yokuphila obungqabangqaba.

Bulgaria: ulwimi

Ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni kweli Bulgarian lizwe. Ku fanele ku iqela Slavic. Yamandulo lenqaba Cyrillic ngokubhala, wadalwa yi uCyril Methodius. iileta zayo kwanemiqondiso waboleka ikakhulu ukusuka oonobumba Greek. Yiyo le oonobumba besiCyrillic kunye iinguqu ezimbalwa apho ukususela kumaxesha amandulo ukuba namhlanje kuzo zonke nokuxubana Orthodox. Bulgarian alphabet Cyrillic ukufunda lula. Akunamsebenzi esingenakubangela naliphi na nefonetiki ubunzima okanye amagama.

Ikomkhulu Bulgaria

Ilifa enkulu enkcubeko igcina kumbindi Bulgaria. Eyokuqala likomkhulu mandulo Bulgaria - Veliko Turnovo - kunye nemali ekhoyo. Esi sixeko yabothusa abakhenkethi kanye nobuhle.

Sofia yenye omdala eYurophu. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, wayedume imithombo yayo thermal nezimbiwa. Foundation leengcali bathi ukuya AD I leminyaka. Ekuqaleni, kwathiwa Serdika. Waye iziko enkulu yolawulo norhwebo uBukhosi baseRoma kwandule Empire lamaByzantine. Ngo-447, i-Serdika yatshatyalaliswa Huns.

Isixeko yesibini yokuzalwa kwenzeka iminyaka elikhulu elinamanci. Ekuqaleni konyaka 809, waba yinxalenye yaseBulgaria zoBukumkani yaye ngokutsha ukuya Sredets kuqala. igama layo mihla wamkela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIV.

Xa Turks wayithimba Sofia (1382), waba yesibini emva yobugcisa enkulu eConstantinople, iziko zorhwebo kunye nenkcubeko kwi Balkan Peninsula. NgoDisemba 1877 isixeko akhululwa amajoni Russian kwidyokhwe Turkish waza waqalisa phambili ikomkhulu Bulgaria ukususela ngowe-1879.

Esi sixeko omangalisayo yaziwa ngokuba ezinika yayo kubakhenkethi. Uninzi lwabo amangcwaba ngokubaluleka zesizwe. Umzekelo, Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral, nto leyo ibekwe yembutho eponymous kweli komkhulu. isakhiwo esihle ilitye elimhlophe negranite elimiswe imbeko nokukhululwa Bulgaria. Ukongeza, onke esiza lizwe ukutyelela i Hagia Sophia, lo rotunda iSt kaGeorge, St .. uvuko, St .. uNicholas Church, obutofotofo Banya Bashi Mosque, Izinto Zakudala Museum.

Varna

Varna (Bulgaria) kunye kwiindawo ezikufutshane apho ibekwe phezu kuLwandle Black. Le indawo ethandwa kuphela Bulgarian, kodwa iziko yenkcubeko lizwe.

zesikhumbuzo yezembali unique odumileyo kwiRiphabliki Bulgaria. izinto Varna ngayo - into eninzi iimyuziyam agcina nezinto zembali kunye namaxwebhu.

Uphawu lo mzi ithathwa ukuba Cathedral le vekeleke xona. E Varna ungatyelela lolwandle Park. It is a kwezemidlalo nenkcubeko komkhulu, lo dolphinarium, a zoo, a iziko, i-akwariyam kunye nohlobo imyuziyam. umdla Huge kwabatyeleli kuba Museum zakudala. ikratshi lakhe yingqokelela enkulu kwegolide, leyo malunga ukusuka VI nkulungwane BC.

Akukho ezinika ngaphantsi umdla Varna namadlelo. Apha ungakwazi ukutyelela ibhotwe Evksinograd, nto leyo lingqongwe yi park oluchumileyo nentlambo ezintle. Ibizwa ngokuba "ehlathini ilitye" ngenxa enkulu (ukuya ku-6 m ubude) kwiikholam, ubudala, ngokutsho kweengcali, iminyaka million mahlanu.

The Republic of Bulgaria, ezenza kube nzima ukuba bahlole imibombo ku uhambo mnye, kuba unikhathalele imbali yayo. Siza kuzama ukwazisa ukuba imibombo beli lizwe, nto leyo ebangela umdla omkhulu abakhenkethi.

Nessebar

Le ngokwenene idolophu-museum, ekummandla usingasiqithi elihle. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo alo akayi kungamohlwayi nabani na akanankathalo. indawo Nessebar imalunga omnye square kilometre. Noko ke, iicawa ezingaphezu kwama-40 zakhiwa ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo kule ndawo. Noko ke, abakhenkethi kubona namhlanje kuphela ibandla St .. Msindisi kunye eSt wethu uStefano, nto leyo ngokupheleleyo ugcinwe ukuba imihla yethu

Plovdiv

imizi yamandulo ehlabathini eyaziwa kwiRiphabliki Bulgaria ezininzi kunene. Ngokomzekelo, isixeko Plovdiv, omi phezu kwentaba. Elasungulwa kwiminyaka engamawaka emithandathu eyadlulayo. Behamba bejikeleza emizini, ungabona nenqaba endala, wakha ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, enkulu amphitheatre ongumRoma, ezikhumbuzo eziliqela kunye neemyuziyam.

Village of Rupite

Siyaleza ukuza bonke abathandi eyimfihlakalo engaqhelekanga kule ndawo. Apha wayehlala waza wangcwatywa Wang - inyanga imihlola.

Abo banomdla ungakwazi ukutyelela Rozhen Monastery, leyo yasekwa ngo-1220. Le yenye yoonongendi lidala kweli lizwe. Itempile woonongendi i icon ye Virgin Vrilissia, apho amarhamente cinga ngokungummangaliso.

Kwilali Dobarsko

Le lali intaba encinane ime kwi emazantsi Rila, iikhilomitha elinesixhenxe Bansko imele izinto zendalo Bulgarian. Eminyaka ubudala amahlathi pine, nemiqolomba entle, Amathafa eziphakamileyo, imilambo intaba. Apha bayamenywa ukuba indlu zasemaphandleni kwaye ziya kugcinwa izitya kazwelonke kunye nebranti ekhaya. Wayibona le lali ulondolozo yenza nomvakalelo womoya onamandla.

The Seven Rila Lakes

Enye lesikhumbuzo unique zendalo, apho liyazingca weRiphabliki Bulgaria. Oku liqela amachibi glacial. Nokuba ngoJulayi, badla wambu ngumkhenkce nekhephu, asirhawule kubo liqhuma amadlelo. Le amachibi ibekwe enye ngezantsi enye ngasentla. Babelana kwiingxangxasi ezintle.

Aladzha isigodlo

Siqinisekile ukuba iliwa weemonki twisiseka isimanga abaninzi. Woonongendi yasekwa kwinkulungwane XIV kwaye namhlanje yenye ezinika eziphambili Bulgaria. Woonongendi ibekwe km 14 ngasentla Varna, kufuphi iiholide ka-Golden Sands. Le isigodlo rock, apho iimpawu zibonakale ngokucacileyo amagumbi ezahlukeneyo - indawo kakhulu lokuphambukela, eziphilayo kunye nokhenketho lwenkcubeko.

Indlela ukukhetha lolwandle?

esimhlophe Bulgarian kuzo zonke oomasipala iiholide. Kodwa elunxwemeni iqeshiswa ukuya nabanini babucala. Ngoko ke, phezu kweelwandle kwezixhobo kuhlawulwa yamaHindu, izitulo, oomatrasi, ngokusonga iitafile nezitulo, catamarans, njl Kweli nqaku siza kwazisa ukuba kakhulu ethandwa .. The nogu Bulgaria.

Sands Golden - iiholide ngobukhulu kweli lizwe. Le ise emantla kunxweme Sea Black. Le eMecca wokwenene, apho bakhetha ukuba baphumle abathandi kokhenketho esebenzayo.

Beaches eemitha Albena 150 ububanzi Wasolula ayi ezisixhenxe. Ulwandle kule ndawo ifudumele kakhulu kwaye cwaka, koko, akukho nzulu kakhulu: kumgama ezimakhulu mabini leemitha ukusuka elunxwemeni ubunzulu kweemitha hayi ngaphezulu kwe enye enesiqingatha. Imozulu kakhulu lelokuphumza; kwamaqondo zasehlotyeni hayi ngaphezulu kwe +28 ° C kunye +25 ° C amanzi.

Kunxweme Sveti Vlas kubekwe ngasentla Beach Sunny, ukuba kube ibizwa ngokuba yiparadesi. ubuhle ngephambili, isale umoya ococekileyo, kwamaxandeka le massif entabeni, wazigquma kunye nohlaza, ezithandwa ezizodwa roses - konke oku kwenza kubekho ekhethekileyo. Apho uya kuziva ekhululekile, abo bafuna umhlalaphantsi ukusuka umsindo befuna isixeko. Ukongeza, le ndawo ngogqibeleleyo ukuze iholide usapho owenza. Unxweme yahlulwe amalwandle eziliqela, nolwenzelwa isanti segolide.

I-beach engundoqo ye Sozopol intle kakhulu kakuhle. Yinto free. Indlela ukufumana ukuphumla, egumbini uxolo kunye nobumfihlo. Abakhenkethi bonwabe la malungu amanzi acocekileyo, ukukhuselwa evela amaza elwandle kwidolophu peninsula endala.

Beaches complex St. Helena kunye Constantine, edulusele ethekwini phakathi Golden Sands kunye Varna, Bathiwe wambu zwi entle isanti. Ububanzi elunxwemeni ayikho phezulu kakhulu, kwaye ubude kubo - malunga ne-3 km. Kolwandle flat kakhulu, yaye akukho umahluko ukujula.

Duni tshamela uye eemitha 4,500 ubude, ububanzi ngaphezu kwekhulu kweemitha lolwandle. Isanti Golden kwaye nzulu, njengoko ezininzi kwiilwandle Bulgarian. Kukho iindunduma ezincinane. Ulwandle sizinzile, kunye isinqe flat. Ubunzulu kwandisa ngcembe, ngoko ukhululekile ukuphumla kunye nabantwana.

Beaches Elenite bazibiza njengokuba uninzi iindawo uthando kwi kunxweme Bulgaria. Indawo na kwitheku omhle kakhulu. Kweli nqanaba, ulwandle uyahlangabezana iintaba Old Platinum, kufuphi Bourgas kunye Beach Sunny.

Burgas Bay yaziwa kubakhenkethi wonke umhlaba ukuze kwesanti zayo ezintle yegolide, ngobunono izidanga, ezantsi, ngokugcina amanzi acocekileyo. beach ufikelela ububanzi 100.

Beach "Harmani Beach" ise kwidolophu entsha Sozopol. Mu kuya kwa nshita elunxwemeni engundoqo, oko ngokubanzi elide, ngoko ke ethe kakhulu. Sondela imivalo ezininzi, zokutyela kunye cafes. Amangeno ukuya elunxwemeni ikhululekile, kunye nezitulo irente kunye yamaHindu uya kuhlawula $ 2.

ukhenketho

Namhlanje, baseRashiya abaninzi bayakuvuyela ukuba bathathe iihambo eBulgaria. Amaxabiso zamkelekile kakhulu. Yekelela kweli lizwe enelanga kwaye wokubuk 'iindwendwe kunye nemilinganiselo yaseYurophu.

Phambi kokuba uthenge amatikiti kufuneka anyamekele visa. Elona xesha ukutyelela iiholide kweli lizwe - ukususela ngoJuni ukuya kuSeptemba kunye Januwari-Matshi.

Thina kwazisa abo baza kuthenga ukhenketho eBulgaria. Amaxabiso ukuze kubekho ukhenketho kwixesha ubusika 2016 kuqala 23.602 engange (nobusuku, lemka ukusuka eMoscow). Ulwazi malunga amaxabiso ixesha ehlotyeni ingekafumaneki.

reviews

Ukuvela abantu sikwiholide eBulgaria, ubukhulu becala HIV. Abakhenkethi ukonwabela indalo entle, ngamaxabiso afikelelekayo, kungenzeka yokudibanisa indawo kunye beach nangeeholide. abakhenkethi Russian andicingi bekhululekile kweli lizwe: yonke imibhalo nangesiCyrillic, namasiko efana kakhulu neyethu, balapha abaninzi baqonde ulwimi Russian, yaye ngobubele iindwendwe.