Tropinin elichaza Pushkin. VA Tropinin elichaza inkcazelo Pushkin ngayo lo mfanekiso

Soloko isiphelo umdla nawuphi na umfanekiso abambe amehlo zethu zobuciko kunye neemyuziyam. A ukwazi ekhethekileyo ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kubangela eni. Kakade ke, ibonisa bahlala abantu kanye okanye ngoku uhlala ubuntu babo, ikamva labo, umoya yayo ukubanjwa immortalized kwi Isinikezeli umculi. Nokuba ayaziwa thina bantu okanye odumileyo, soloko ukwazi ukuba gxwa nzulu bayahlelwa zombini inkosi adale wobugcisa kunye nendoda kuboniswe emfanekisweni.

Namhlanje ku spotlight wethu eqala libonisa A. S. Pushkina. Tropinin Vasiliy Andreevich wayengomnye amagcisa abaninzi kubonisiwe phezu ngelaphu imbongi enkulu Russian. Yintoni na isiphelo kunye nomsebenzi umzobi kule thando? Kuphantsi kwaziphi iimeko lwalupayintiwe ifoto, uphi na ke ngoku? Sazise malunga noko.

A amagama ambalwa malunga wegcisa

Wazalelwa khona Vasily Tropinin, lunikwa ingqalelo enye zabazobi ezinkulu libonisa ixesha lakhe eRashiya, le lali Karpovo Novgorod kwiphondo. Ngumzali, kodwa uyise Tropinin yaba serf of Count Munnich, yaye xa intombi yakhe - Natalia Antonovna Munnich - waba ngumfazi Count Morkov, igcisa entsha sibizwa ngokunika kumnikazi omtsha.

Xa Count Morkov Tropinin wathumela eSt Petersburg ukufunda ityala khekhe, yena ngasese khona izifundo e Academy of Arts Fine. italente yakhe zendalo ngenxa yokudweba negalelo yokuba Tropinin wavunyelwa ukuba ivolontiya kwi the Academy. Nangona kunjalo, imfundo akazange wafumana kwaye kufuneka ahambe kunye yinkosi Ukraine.

Ngokuthe ngcembe, waba ngakumbi kwatsala ingqalelo kuluntu kunye nomsebenzi wabo isiphiwo ngokwenene. Ekugqibeleni, ngo-1823 waba simahla, wafumana itayitile academician waza waqalisa ubomi bakhe e Moscow, Akukude Big Stone Bridge. Kwaba kukhona wabhala Tropinin elichaza Pushkin, owathi kamva waba ngomnye imifanekiso edume kakhulu wembongi.

indlela creative

Early isebenza Tropinin luphawulwa ngendlela olusondeleyo, imphathe, kodwa kwangaxeshanye iyavumelana kakhulu umbala uluhlu, wasebenzisa ukuzoba imizobo eni ze abanini - intsapho Morkov.

Xa imisebenzi kwexesha 1820-1830 gg. ungabona kwenkcazelo oqingqiweyo ka imithamo, imodeli impendulo imibala polnozvuchie ehlokomayo kodityaniso baqalisa ukusebenzisa Tropinin. Elichaza Pushkin, ebhekisela eli xesha njengoko ixesha kubonisa ngokupheleleyo konke oku kungentla.

Kule mizobo of nenani-1830-1840. na uhlobo kukhulu stroke, ingxaki ye nokwakheka. Tropinin lihlawula ingqalelo enkulu iinkcukacha ezahlukeneyo, ekudaleni zokwahlula, imifanekiso ezithile ababephila ngexesha lakhe. Imisebenzi ye xesha linophawu utyekelo ngokwangaphandle zothando, ubukhulu becala uphawu yomsebenzi wakhe.

Eyona njongo iphambili yale wegcisa yaba ukubonisa typicality ezotywe kubo njengamagorha, edlula isibheno sangaphakathi kwaye ngaphandle ukubonisa kuyiphi Ndicinga ukuba omnye okanye kwenye iklasi. Ukuzoba abantu ethile, wazama ukubonisa yonke into ngokuqhelekileyo abantu kule folda. Le womzobo "I Lacemaker", ezele ngokunyaniseka ukufudumala zithande umntu eqhelekileyo yabantu.

imizobo ngobugcisa ezixabisekileyo kunye yamalungiselelo, apho wayesebenza wegcisa Tropinin. Imizobo yakhe siyidlalile indima ebalulekileyo ngokuphuhlisa ubugcisa Russian lwentando kwinkulungwane XIX nokwakha izithethe zobugcisa eMoscow kaThixo.

Imbali lo mfanekiso

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Pushkin ngokwakhe hayi kakhulu wayethanda ukuba ukuma amagcisa. Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba incinane kangaka iye yabhalwa kunye imbongi kwemifanekiso indalo. Noko ke, emva kokubuya kwakhe amakhonkco eSt Michael ngayo, ngowe-1827, ukuphela kwimeko Decembrists ezimbini kwezi eni, apho kamva baba ziyahlonelwa yokudweba Russian kunye nomfanekiso ongcono Pushkin abhalwa. I yokuqala ebhaliweyo O. A. Kiprensky kunye VA Tropinin, ogama elichaza Pushkin ingqalelo imifanekiso ezininzi eziyinyani wadala yi owesibini.

Ngokwahlukileyo kwinguqulelo eqhelekileyo, lo mfanekiso eyalwa imbongi ngokwakhe, yaye umhlobo wakhe Sergeya Aleksandrovicha Sobolevskogo, owayenqwenela ngaphambi kokuba ukufumana umzobo Pushkin esimweni sakhe njengesiqhelo, kodwa hayi ilokhwe ngokupheleleyo. Kwakucacile ukusuka ileta sana, eyapapashwa ngowe-1952, nto leyo yathi imbongi wayalela umfanekiso ngokufihlakeleyo wayinika umhlobo sisipho.

Malunga nokukhetha wegcisa ukugqiba ukuba kwakulula, njengoko Vasily ngelo xesha wayesele esaziwa njenge portraitist obalaseleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha operation kwafuneka ukuba bashiye ingcinga yokuqala, oko kuchasene, inkqubo yesiqhelo esekwe kakuhle, nto leyo eye lweli Tropinin. Elichaza Pushkin kwindawo yokugcina ezotywe kunokuba lula olusenyongweni bayancokola le wosana, njengoko wayefuna Sobolewski kunye saa zemibongo, nto leyo ke kaninzi enxulumene ubugcisa yothando ephefumlelweyo. ejulile yangaphakathi kunye ingcinezelo ezinobuchule imbongi wadluliselwa ngokugqibeleleyo.

Konke oku ukuzama ukubonisa abaphulaphuli, ukudala umzobo Pushkin Tropinin. Inkcazelo mfanekiso , wenza kwakhona kubonisa. Imbongi ohleliyo, ukuma kwakhe ngokwemvelo nangokulula. Isandla sokunene amakhonkco amabini phezu iminwe ilele phezu kwetafile ecaleni incwadi evulekileyo. It banzi gown kunye inekhola oluhlaza entanyeni yakhe - isikhafu elide oluhlaza. Imvelaphi kunye neempahla wabelana umbala eqhelekileyo segolide omdaka, okwenza umntu ume ngaphandle kunye nebheji ihempe, nto leyo embindini nokwakheka. Musa Tropinina usukelo ukuba embellish imbonakalo Pushkin, kodwa yena ukusungulwa ngempumelelo yaye wayithimba ngokomoya eziphakamileyo wembongi.

Bayahlelwa mizobo

Ibali lobomi umdla kunye nemifanekiso. Sobolewski wathabatha ikopi encinci lo mfanekiso in Avdotya Petrovna Elagina ukuba awuthwale nawe. Kwaye nangona kuthwalelwa phandle ngobungcali, akwaduka yonke kakuhle lo mfanekiso. Njengoko abaphandi ukubhala, akazange kudlula amandla angaphakathi kunye nentshukumo elibizwa yokuqala.

Ukushiya Russia, Sobolewski ushiye umzobo wokufakelwa efanayo Avdote Elaginoy. Noko ke, emva kokubuya evela phesheya emihlanu kwiminyaka kamva, ndafumana indawo kokwasekuqaleni ikopi ephantsi-esemgangathweni.

abonakale yokuqala ukuvela phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-50 kwi iivenkile imali-ukutshintsha. Ngowe-1909, waye uqokelelo Tretyakov Gallery, kwaye emva kokuba revolution, ngowe-1937, wafudukela kwi Union, ngoku National Pushkin Museum eSt Petersburg.

Ngoku lo mfanekiso kwi Memorial Museum-endlini Pushkin kwi eweni Moika 12, yinxalenye zakhiwo myuziyam.

isebenza ukugxekwa

Ababephila wonke umntu zifana ukuya tropininskogo umfanekiso wenene Pushkin. Kodwa omnye abahlalutyi waphawula ukuba wegcisa ayikwazanga azibonisi yaza ngokupheleleyo wembongi. Ixhaphake ingxelo ibe yinyani, njengoko eladlulayo kunye yaza yabonisa kubo umzobo Pushkin ichaza ziphefumlelwe ngokwenene ngamaxesha ngokwentshukumisa yoyilo.

Ngokungafaniyo Kiprensky Mfanekiso Tropinin ezindilisekileyo ngakumbi, kodwa akukho nganto lokuqala okanye ngamandla omhle nayiphi na imbonakalo.

Portrait Tropinin ngobude Kiprensky

Zombini ezi eni zadalwa kunyaka omnye uze ubonise imifanekiso ezahlukeneyo ezimbini wembongi. Portrait Kiprensky yabhalwa ngehlobo lowe-1827 ngokomyalelo umhlobo Pushkin kaThixo, A. A. Delviga. It iphefumlelwe Pushkin, kunye nzulu, kodwa wakruthakrutheka yaza yabonisa, ligxile kakhulu. Pushkin isebenza Kiprensky ezele komthendeleko kunye nokubaluleka.

Oku zahluke kakhulu koko kubhaliweyo Tropinin. Elichaza Pushkin isandla sakhe, njengoko natshoyo, ubonisa imbongi kwi ngesebe yomntu eziqhelekileyo bume ikhaya kunye nempahla. Lo mfanekiso a osenyongweni olufudumeleyo kumbukeli.

Ezinye imifanekiso Pushkin

Ukongeza ukuba yakudala IMIFANEKISO Tropinin kunye Kiprensky, kukho ezinye imifanekiso Pushkin. I yokuqala kubo yaba omncinane ngumntu lomculi ayaziwa, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba imbongi xa eneminyaka malunga neminyaka emithathu.

Emva oku kubhalwe portraits ezininzi, wenza iikopi nezintlu imifanekiso ezaziwa wembongi. Pushkin yena, bazi kakuhle iimpawu ubuso bakhe, wazifinyezela self-portraits kwiprofayile, ngolokuqala enyangeni leyo ukuvela ngexesha ukulungiselela ukupapashwa incwadi yokuqala yemibongo.

Kodwa ke kusuke kwanzima nokunithela uphikise into yokuba nawuphi na umfanekiso ka Pushkin, iifoto apho siza kubona kwi-Internet okanye iincwadi, buyisela uyolo ubuhle yokubona yakuqala, kuboniswa ngendlela yobuciko. Kuphela apho u nga va isongo ezizodwa kunye nomoya evela web eziphuma, yaye ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo injongo wegcisa.