Ubomi kunye nobuchule buka-Alexander Gladkov

Ngowe-1962 i-comedy yiRyazanov "I-Hussar Ballad" yabonakala kwizikrini zaseSoviet. Ifilimu izuzwe ngokubanzi. Okokuqala kubonga ngenxa yeengoma ezivakalayo. Inendima ebalulekileyo kwimpumelelo yomfanekiso yadlala ngumbhalo obhalwa kwisibongo esinobuqhawe ngu-Alexander Gladkov. Ziziphi ezinye imidlalo ezaphuma epeni lala mdlali? Isihloko salo nqaku si-biography kunye nomsebenzi womlobi.

Usapho kunye neminyaka yokuqala

UGladkov Alexander Konstantinovich wazalelwa ngowe-1912 kwisixeko saseMurom. Uyise wayenjini. Ukususela ngo-1917, uKonstantin Gladkov wabamba isikhundla senhloko yeso sixeko, kodwa emva kokuguqulwa kwezinto, ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwa, wenqaba. Ixesha elizayo lezemidlalo lalingeneminyaka elishumi elinesithathu ubudala xa intsapho yathuthela eMoscow. Kwinqununu, waphumelela kwisikolo sabasebenzi.

Ukuqala kwemisebenzi yokudala

Ngexesha elithile iqhawe leli nqaku lisebenza kwidlwana njengomlawuli. Umbhali (okanye kunoko, iindaba zengxelo) u-Alexander Gladkov waqala kwi-ofisi yokuhlela yephephandaba elithi "iCinema". Ekupheleni kwemashumi amabini wabambisana nezinye iimpapasho, oku: i-Komsomolskaya Pravda, iRabochaya i-Iskusstvo, iRabochaya Moskva, i-Sovetskiy Teatr kunye ne-New Spectator. Ngeli xesha, uGladkov waqala ubudlelwane obusondeleyo kunye namanani atyhutyhayo: i-Alexei Arbuzov, umlawuli we-playstor Valentin Pluchek, umdlali we-Isidor Shtok. Ukususela ngo-1934 wasebenza kuMeyerhold Theatre. Intsebenziswano kunye nobuhlobo kunye nalo mlawuli onetalente kamva wadlala indima ebuthathaka ebomini buka-Alexander Gladkov.

Imisebenzi

Kuze kube ngo-1955, umgcini-mdlali wabhala le mibala elandelayo:

• "Ixesha elidlulileyo."
• "Ukungafi".
• "Nahal."
• "Umncedisi ongaziwa".
• "Indlela entsha."
• "Inombolo yesihluku."
• "Ukuze sidibane kwakhona."
• "I-Symphony yokuqala."
• "Ubusuku busuku".
• "Ulutsha lweTheatre."

Umdlalo kwivesi "ixesha elide lidlulileyo" uGladkov wabhala ngowe-1940. Emva kweminyaka engamashumi amabini anibini, ifilimu ethi "iHussar Ballad" yenziwe.

"Kanye emva kwexesha"

Wonke umntu owayebukele umdlalo odumileyo u-Eldar Ryazanov uyazi ukuba umdlalo ubonisa imicimbi ye-Patriotic War of 1812. Umsebenzi weGladkov uguqulelwe kwiilwimi eziliqela. Kule minyaka, iidlala zenziwe kuphela eRashiya, kodwa nakwamanye amazwe. Umqondisi wokuqala owawusebenzisa njengempahla yecandelo lokuvelisa umzobo nguAlexei Popov, owanikezwa iStalin Prize kulo msebenzi.

I-premiere yenzeke ngoNovemba 1941 kwiLeningrad. Umlobi ngokwakhe wathi kamva ukuba imbono yomdlalo ikhulelwe iminyaka emininzi. Ekubuntwaneni bakhe, iincwadi zakhe ezizithandayo zaziyi "Abantwana beCapetain Grant", kwaye, ngokumangalisayo kukuba, "iMfazwe noxolo". Iziganeko ze-1812, ezibonakaliswe nguTolstoy, kunye neenjongo zesimo se-Jules Verne, konke oku kumangalisa phakathi kwengqondo yomdlali ozayo. Xa ekhulile, wayekwazi ukuqonda iphupha elidala: bhala ngokuthandana kwamajoni aseRussia, kodwa kulula, kumnandi. UGladkov wakwazi ukudala enye yemisebenzi engcono kakhulu enikezelwe kumxholo weMfazwe yePatriotic.

Ukubanjwa

Ngomnyaka we-1948, u-Alexander Gladkov wabhala umdlalo "Kuze kube neentlanganiso ezintsha." Kodwa imveliso yayo yenziwa kuphela emva kweeminyaka ezisixhenxe. Ngomsebenzi waseGladkov, ngokubameli be-Soviet censorship, kwakungekho ncam. Ukongezelela, ekhaya, njengoko kwagqitywa kamva, wagcina uncwadi oluwela phantsi kweqela elithandabuzayo "lokungavunyelwa". Kwakungekho nto yecala kulezi ncwadi. Kodwa oku kuye kwaba nokwaneleyo ukuhlawulisa imimangalo yemiSebenzi yase-Soviet.

Umgcini-mdlali wabanjwa waza wathunyelwa ekampini. Kodwa nakubantu bahlala khona. Eqhelekileyo, inye inkululeko, ilambile "isonka kunye neesekethe." UGladkov wamiselwa umlawuli wekampu yekampu.

Wakhishwa emva kokufa kukaStalin. Wayeyinqamle ixesha elide ukuba wayemlahlile uMeyerhold, owadutshulwa emva kowe-1938. Kodwa uAlexander Konstantinovich akazange akhiphe lo buhlobo. Akazange amlahle umzalwana wakhe, obanjwe ngowe-1937.

U-Alexander Gladkov ungumlobi weencwadi, imisebenzi yakhe idala iifilimu "Incredible Jehudiel Chlamyde", "Umqeqeshi Omkhulu", "Umculo obuyisiwe". Wabhala imisebenzi emininzi edityaniswe kwiVsevolod Meyerhold, kunye nakwabanye abavelele (B. Pasternak, O. Mandelshtam, Yu. Olesha).

Iminyaka emihlanu emva kokukhulula uGladkov yabuyiselwa kwi-Unioners 'Union. Umdlali odlala umdlalo wabulawa ngo-1976, eMoscow. Ngo-2015, idiara ze-Alexander Gladkov zapapashwa, kunye nomdla ofunyenwe ngabafundi.