Ubuchule kunye biography of Moliere

Enye babantu kunazo zonke yaye lukhuni kwinkulungwane XVII eFransi - Zhan Batist Moliere. ngobomi bakhe wenziwe kwaye amanyathelo ngexesha uyingangamsha inye lomsebenzi kunye nomsebenzi.

usapho

Wazalwa Jean-Batistv 1622 ibe kwintsapho yeengcungcu, nto leyo kokuqhubekayo uhlobo yamandulo kakhulu yoohlohlesakhe Draper. Nangona i onjalo umsebenzi , ithetha ukuba i nenzuzo kunye ohloniphekileyo. UYise comedy yaba ngumcebisi yekhethelo bokumkani ngunozala isikolo ezikhethekileyo abantwana wentendelezo kamva waqalisa ukutyelela Moliere. Kweli ziko, Jean-Baptiste Wayefunda Latin, nto leyo yanceda ukuba baqonde ngokulula uze ufunde yonke imisebenzi ngababhali abaziwayo baseRoma. Ukuba Moliere iguqulelwe French umbongo wakhe lweenkobe ngolwimi "Ngomhla Nature of Izinto," sobulumko yamaRoma Lucretius. Ngelishwa, ukugqithiselwa le wesandla akuxhaphakanga, yaye kungekudala shwaka. Kungenzeka, nalo litshisiwe ngomlilo kwi studio Molière.

Ngokuyalelwa kayise, Jean-Baptiste wafumana odume ngelo xesha iqondo lwenzululwazi Licentiate yomthetho. ubomi Moliere yaba ezintsonkothileyo natyebileyo.

kwiminyaka yokuqala

Ebutsheni Jean waba fan eyomeleleyo ummeli Epicureanism ngoko ezithandwayo (enye iintshukumo bulumko). Ngenxa yomdla, wenza abafowunelwa abaninzi luncedo, enyanisweni kwakukho abantu ayezizityebi kunye nempembelelo phakathi ngoko AmaEpikure.

career legqwetha akazange njengento ebalulekileyo Moliere, kanye njengokuba yobugcisa kayise. Kungenxa yoko le nto mfana wawunyula Umkhuba wokubonelwa kumsebenzi. Biography Moliere kwakhona kuyibika kuthi umnqweno wakhe ukuphucula kunye nomnqweno ukufikelela phezulu kwihlabathi ya wena kumabala emidlalo.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba lokuqala i Moliere - isiteketiso wokubonelwa ukuba Jean-Baptiste Poquelin wakhetha ukunika milozvuchnosti igama elipheleleyo. Kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha eli gama ke wayengaziwa kuphela kwimisebenzi kumabala emidlalo, kodwa kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Intlanganiso kunye French bokwenza ngoko idume kakhulu Bejart wajika ubomi UJean-Baptiste asiphethule, kuba kamva waba yintloko yeqonga. Ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka engama-21 kuphela ubudala. Xa qembu namajoni angama-10 abadlali Fikizolo, yaye lo msebenzi ukuphucula Moliere theatre zoshishino alizise kwinqanaba professional ngakumbi. Ngelishwa, abanye zemidlalo French yaba ukhuphiswano ngakumbi, uJean-Baptiste, ngoko yokutyela yavalwa. Emva kokuba ukusilela kuqala ebomini, Zhan Batist kunye qembu ebhadula bahamba edolophini ngethemba yokufumana ingqalelo ubuncinane apho imali kuphuhliso olungaphezulu kunye nokwakhiwa yokwakha yayo adlale.

Moliere eyenziwa kweli phondo malunga ne-14 iminyaka (umhla ngqo kule nto yonke yobomi bakhe, ngelishwa, watshabalala). Hi ndlela leyi, ngexesha elifanayo eFransi kwabakho imfazwe yamakhaya, uqhankqalazo ubunzima kunye nenkcaso abantu, ngoko olungenasiphelo qembu umdla banikwa kubenzima ngakumbi, lo ngobomi ezisemthethweni Moliere uthi sele ngeli xesha ebomini bakhe asekunene uza ukuqala ishishini.

In Jean-Baptiste kwiPhondo wabhala inani elikhulu edlalwa yakhe kunye nemiboniso kumabala emidlalo, njengoko nkulu i qembu yaba kakhulu ekruqulayo yaye ingabangeli. Embalwa imisebenzi eli xesha baye basinda. Dwelisa ezinye nemidlalo:

1. "Umona Barbula". Lo mdlalo enelunda kakhulu Moliere ngokwakhe. Imisebenzi ye ixesha ephila, yadla HIV nabagxeki.

2. "Flying ugqirha."

3. "Gqirha-pedant."

4. "Oogqirha ezintathu."

5. "Wazenza goof."

6. "Gorgibus ngendlela poke."

impilo Personal

Ngowe-1622 Moliere libotshelelwe ngokusesikweni ngeqhina lomtshato kunye nentombi yakhe Amandoy Bezhar. Yena ubengudade loo eliqhula efanayo Madeleine, apho wadibana Jean-Baptiste ekuqaleni kwiphupha lakhe nemibulelo ukuba umyeni wakhe wathabatha isigxina yeqonga ezizweni ezilishumi.

Umahluko yobudala phakathi UJean-Baptiste kunye Amanda kanye-20 iminyaka. Ngelo xesha womtshato wakhe wayeneminyaka engama-40 ubudala yaye - 20. Umsitho okunene akazange anikezele esidlangalaleni, ngoko ngokoyisa abahlobo abasenyongweni kuphela kunye nezalamane abantu bamenyiwe. Hi ndlela leyi, abazali umtshakazi bakaThixo abanelisekanga ukukhetha intombi yakhe Babezama ukunyanzela ukuba ukuphelisa nokubandakanywa. Noko ke, akazange avumele isicelo sobabalo nezalamane, yaye kungekudala emva kokuba betshatile wayeka ukuncokola nomama notata wakhe.

Ngexesha lomtshato, uAmanda wazala abantwana bakhe indoda abathathu, kodwa singatsho ukuba sibini wayengekho happy ngokumanyene zabo. Omkhulu umahluko yobudala kunye nomdla ezahlukeneyo banikwa ukuba ukwazi ngayo wena. Ubuchule Moliere ngexesha lomtshato yakhe ibonakalisa ubukhulu becala ibali kufutshane imeko yentsapho yakhe.

siqu Izimilo

Jean-Baptiste ingachazwa ubuntu kakhulu ngokungaqhelekanga. Eyanikelwa ngabo ukuya ekupheleni umsebenzi wakhe, ubomi bakhe bonke - i yeqonga ezingapheliyo kunye yeqonga. Ngelishwa, abaphandi abaninzi ngobomi akhe akakwazi ukuza isigqibo ecacileyo malunga umfanekiso wakhe, ngenxa yokuba i data alihlali njalo ngendlela efanayo njengoko kunjalo Shakespeare, asebenzisa kungelizwi amabali umlomo legends ngayo loo mntu yaye kuzo ngokusekelwe wazama kusetyenziswa iindlela zengqondo ukumisela ubume bayo.

Kwakhona, ukufunda okuninzi ngemisebenzi ngu Jean-Baptiste, unako ukuzoba ezinye izigqibo malunga ngobomi bakhe jikelele. Moliere thile wenza konke ukuqinisekisa ukuba ungubani uhlala data encinane kakhulu. Inani elikhulu yemisebenzi yakhe, wabatshabalalisa, ngoko akazange eze ngaphezulu kwama-50 edlalwa bakhe kunye data leemveliso thina. Iimpawu Moliere, ngokusekelwe amazwi koogxa bakhe, uthi wayeyindoda iziqu eFransi, Lowo univayo ngokoluvo inkoliso yabantu entendelezo, nkqu nabantu abambalwa yentsapho yasebukhosini.

Waye inkululeko-enothando kakhulu, ngoko wabhala imisebenzi emininzi ngalo mntu, malunga ufuna njani ukuba angalandeli ezingqondweni zabo narhoqo uhlaziye amaxabiso zabo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba akukho namnye imisebenzi inkululeko ayitsho kwimeko ngqo, ngenxa yokuba ukufuduka uza kuthathwa njenge umnxeba imvukelo nemfazwe yamakhaya, eyathatha njalo rhoqo ephakathi eFransi.

Jean-Baptiste Moliere. Biography kunye nomsebenzi

Njengazo zonke ababhali umsebenzi kunye bemidlalo Moliere indlela wohlulwe zigaba ezithile (ukuba akanalo nexesha eliqingqiweyo ecacileyo, nangona kunjalo, ukuba bamele ngendlela eyahlukileyo ubonisa uhlobo wokwephuka liguqulwe kwimisebenzi ezinkulu).

Ngeli xesha Paris, Jean-Baptiste yayithandwa ndawonye kukumkani kwawona lizwe, kunye nokuqondwa ndlela wathola. Emva kokuba ilizwe elide loonothwal, qembu babuyela eParis kunye Louvre umi kwindawo yokubonela kunye nkulu entsha. Ngoku enomkhondo into izicacele: ixesha elichithwa kunye nokwenza olungenasiphelo ziya ngayo. Xa umdlalo "Uthando Gqirha" ubuzinyaswe kukumkani ngokwakhe, emva kokuba ntetho ngokobuqu wabulela ekuchubekeni. Emva kwesi siganeko kubomi Zhana Batista waqalisa ngomvumbo emhlophe.

ukusebenza Okulandelayo "prude Funny" nayo impumelelo enkulu phakathi kuluntu kwaye ifumene ncomo elungileyo kakhulu bemisebenzi. Moliere xa niqokelela izaziso.

Inyathelo lesibini ekudalweni UJean-Baptiste enikezelwa iimveliso ezinjalo:

1. "Tartuffe". Lwendaba yenoveli ijolise ukugculela abefundisi, ngelo xesha babephila kuthandwa phantsi phakathi abemi yaseFransi ngenxa izikhalazo rhoqo ukuphanga, kwaye ngemisebenzi abanye abameli zebandla ophakamileyo. Umdlalo yapapashwa ngo-1664 kwaye wadlala kwi yeqonga iminyaka emihlanu. Lo mdlalo waba uvuthondaba elibukhali ukusa kumkhamo othile uhlobo comedy.

2. "Don Juan." Ukuba umdlalo oludlulileyo ngu Jean-Baptiste kakubi wabonisa umxholo ibandla waza wenza intlekisa bonke abasebenzi bayo, kulo msebenzi, yena satirically wabonisa imithetho yokuphila yabantu, indlela yabo yokuziphatha, apho, ngokwembono yam, baba kude kakhulu zimbi, waza wazisa ihlabathi ezimbi kuphela kunye ngamanyala. Ngesi umdlalo yokubonela umgama phantse lonke Europe. Kwamanye amazwe oku sele kuthengisiwe, loo nto iye idlalwe amaxesha amabini okanye amathathu. Jean-Baptiste Moliere wenza abafowunelwa abaninzi luncedo Olo hambo eYurophu.

3. "Le Misanthrope." Kulo msebenzi umbhali ngakumbi bamhleka iziseko aphakathi yobomi. Le umdlalo ngowona mzekelo ngempumelelo comedy ophezulu kwinkulungwane XVII. Ngenxa ukuzimisela kakhulu nokuntsonkotha ingxelo Cwangcisa ukuba akasayi kwamkelwa liSebe abantu kwakunye nomsebenzi elidlulileyo Zhana Batista. Oku kwenza ukuba umbhali ukuba iphinde ezinye iinkalo zomsebenzi yomsebenzi yeqonga wakhe, ngoko wagqiba ukuthatha ikhefu ekuvelisweni edlalwa kunye zeempendulo nokubhala.

Theatre Moliere

Nokwenziwa kwemisebenzi ungumbhali qembu, apho naye uchuvstvoval phantse lonke kwabangela isiphithiphithi iimvakalelo abaphulaphuli. Udumo zomsebenzi lwakhe kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Le nkundla waba zifunwa kude ngaphaya kwemida France. abalandeli Big of Moliere zentsimbi kunye iingcali British of zobugcisa eliphezulu kumabala emidlalo.

Theatre Moliere ngomdlalo ezahlukeneyo isenzo kubhula lamanani zabantu mihla. Ibamba wayesoloko ngokugabadelayo. Hi ndlela leyi, Jean-Baptiste yena akazange aphoswe iindima zabo, akazange ale ukwenza kwanaxa akaziva kakuhle yaye wayesifa. Ithetha uthando indoda elikhulu ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe.

ngabo umbhali

Jean-Baptiste Moliere thaca ezininzi abantu umdla imisebenzi yabo. Qwalasela ethandwa kakhulu futhi ome;

1. Sganarelle - lo mlinganiswa sele ikhankanyiwe kwinani imisebenzi kunye nombhali nemidlalo. Kulo mdlalo "I Flying Gqirha" kuyinto - ophambili, ongumlungiseleli Valera. Ngenxa yempumelelo yolu ingxelo kunye nomsebenzi xa iyonke, Moliere wagqiba ukusebenzisa le umlinganiswa kwezinye imisebenzi yakhe (umzekelo, Sganarelle kunokubonwa "Cuckold Ngengqondo", "Don Giovanni", "Gqirha willy-liqhubeke", "School for Amadoda"), kunye neminye imisebenzi yokuqala ixesha bobuchule Zhana Batista.

2. Géronte - uTshawe, apho zifumaneka kwi zikwenza kubonakale ngathi ka Moliere kwexesha Classical. Kule midlalo luphawu kukudodobala kunye ne-dementia iindidi ezithile zabantu.

3. Harpagon - umntu omdala, leyo obubonakala ngokuba neempawu ezifana ukuxoka nangomdla zokuxhobisa.

ballets comedy

Biography Moliere ibonisa ukuba olu hlobo yomsebenzi kukuba kwisigaba oqolileyo uyilo. Ngenxa ukomeleza ubudlelwane inkundla, Jean-Baptiste kudala uhlobo entsha, nto leyo yenzelwe ukwazisa ezitsha ngohlobo ballet. Hi ndlela leyi, le elitsha libe yimpumelelo yokwenene phakathi abaphulaphuli.

Okokuqala comedy-ballet ngokuba "obungathethekiyo" kwaye yayibhalwa kwaye thaca kuluntu ngo-1661.

legends ezinomdla ngalo mntu

Kukho ilejendi engaqinisekiswanga ukuba umfazi Moliere ayizange intombi yakhe, wazalwa ngenxa unxibelelwano Madlen Bezhar. Imbali lonke ukuba kuMadeleine kunye Amanda odade, kuye kwaqwalaselwa yi abanye abantu ubuxoki. Nangona kunjalo, olu lwazi ayiqinisekiswanga kwaye enye kuphela legend.

Enye Ibali lithi eneneni Moliere nga umbhali yomsebenzi wakhe. Zokuthi wenza egameni lika uPierre Corneille. Eli bali isagquba. Noko ke, izazinzulu zithi biography of Moliere ayiqulathanga into enjalo.

lamva bobuchule

Kwiminyaka eliqela kamva, emva kokuba ukusilela "Le Misanthrope," umbhali ugqiba ukuba babuyele emsebenzini yaye ukongeza kwimbali umdlalo "Doctor willy-liqhubeke".

Biography Zhana Molera uthi ngeli xesha, wenza intlekisa oohlohlesakhe kunye neklasi zizityebi. Kwakhona siphakamise umba kwi midlalo umtshato, kungekhona kungokuvumelana.

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga imisebenzi Moliere

1. Jean-Baptiste elaqanjwa uhlobo olutsha comedy-ballet.

2. Wayengomnye babantu ixakayo eFransi ngelo xesha.

3. Moliere phantse akukho ukuqhagamshelana kunye nosapho lwakhe, wakhetha ukuba bahamba umhlaba ngomdlalo wabo kuhambisane.

Ukufa kunye nezikhumbuzo Jean-Baptiste

Phambi kokuba ntetho yesine "I Ngengqondo olungasebenziyo" umdlalo (1673), Moliere uyagula, kodwa bonke wagqiba ekuqaleni ukuya eqongeni. Indima ayidlalileyo brilliant, kodwa emva kweeyure ezimbalwa umdlalo, imeko yakhe yayisiba waza wafa ngesiquphe.

Imbeko esitratweni kwathiwa igama umbhali e Paris, wakha zezikhumbuzo ezininzi kulo lonke elaseYurophu.