Udaka self-kuqhube "eTulip": Iimpawu

Nodaka "eTulip", kwakunye nezinye izixhobo zokudubula enzima, usandula itsale ingqalelo kuye. Ngenxa yezinto ezisanda nasiphi na isixhobo uqala ukuzibuza nkqu nabo inxibelelanisa elithi "eTulip" ngaphambili, "Peony" yaye "eseshumi" kuphela flowerbeds. Namhlanje la magama ukuze becala kwenziwa kukuba uhlwayela ezingqonge ukufa nokutshatyalaliswa. "Buketnye-sezulu" igama, ngoko wasithanda kolu shishino wamajoni yasekhaya, namhlanje ubaqhiphukisa umbilini lenene, ingakumbi abo bazama ukuphila phakathi imfazwe. Kunye neenkxalabo kunye noloyiko zabantu ayikho nasihlahla - to WMD nodaka esiqhutywa "eTulip" Kambe ke, awusebenzi. Nakuba kunjalo, iziphumo nempembelelo ngayo kakhulu buhlungu.

Ukutyunjwa ACS "eTulip" kwaye ukusetyenziswa neemeko

2S4 udaka Self-kuqhube "eTulip" isicelo ezahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka izixhobo zenyukliya. Kuyinto sisixhobo esinamandla enamandla omkhulu umonakalo. Nodaka 2S4 "eTulip" obusenzelwa atshabalalise iinqaba lutshaba, izakhiwo zobunjineli intsimi, izakhiwo enqatyisiweyo, izindlu kunye lokuSetyenziswa kwaMandla oLuntu kunye nezixhobo, iibhakana kunye nezithuba umyalelo, iibhetri zobugcisa. Esi sixhobo senzelwe kokusebenza kwawo ngaphandle zokuhlala. Ngokuba imfuyo zokudubula umlilo nazo zingasetyenziswa nodaka "eTulip", iimpawu ezenza kube lula ukubetha ekujoliswe ibekwe iikhilomitha eziliqela kude ukusuka kwindawo yokuqala.

History of indalo

Esi, ngokunjalo, kufuneka bathi namagama ambalwa. 240-mm nodaka "eTulip" wayefanele ukumelana indawo mfutho 240-mm basemgongxweni, M-240, ngowe-1950, ukusebenza wokuhlolwa ngayo ngemipu malunga efanayo. Noko ke, 2C4 idlula M-240 ekulweni ukuze ziphile kunye nokusebenza badubula ngenxa ekuphuculeni uphume kunye patency. Ngapha koko, oku kuthatha ixesha ngaphantsi kakhulu owandulela, phezu ukufunyanwa lomlilo kunye kukuyeka indawo badubula.

Kwase a ngodaka omtsha-240 mm yaphuhliswa yamanye amazwe ngo-1944-1945. Wathatha lo msebenzi BI Shavyrin. Iimvavanyo imipu omtsha waqalisa emva kweminyaka emi-2 emva kokuba loyiso, yaye yathatha de-1949. Ngowe-1950, ngesingqusho yenziwa emkhosini. Ngaloo mihla lalibizwa "-240 mm basemgongxweni, M-240." ultimate uluhlu lwakhe ahlole yabhengezwa umgama okwisithuba seemitha 8000.

Ngowe-1953, enye intlawulo elikhethekileyo iyilwe ludaka M-240, nto leyo evumela ukuba kwandiswe uluhlu ukuya ku 9700 m. Imveliso iSerial M-240 yaqala ngo-1951 kwidolophu Yurga. Total livelise iiyunithi 329 yale brand. 240 mm ngodaka M-240 - inkqubo engqongqo ngaphandle isixhobo anti-bahlehla ebizwayo breech-ukulayisha kuthetha ukuba inqwelo ohlatyiweyo edubula nemigodi ezinamaphiko.

Ubuze zixoxa

Iingxaki zokuqala kuphuhliso kunye nokuveliswa ngodaka entsha esingazihambeliyo yaqala kungengakuba naziphi na iziphene zayo, ubunzima-mali okanye ukunqongophala lweengcali. Enyanisweni, lo mngeni engundoqo kwaba ukuqiniseka engagungqiyo Khrushchev ukuba ukudubula namaqokobhe zokudubula - amazwi yexesha elidlulileyo. Imizamo okusingqongileyo kuchaphazela uluvo kuNobhala lokuQala weKomiti Central ayiphumelelanga. Uphuhliso guns ezinkulu-ukuvuleka, ngokudubula iintlawulo, imisiwe. Ngaphezu koko, izinto bazama kwaye yavavanyelwa maxesha zayekwa nje kwaye ndilahlekile. Issue kunye nokuphuculwa M-240 yaphela ngo-1958.

ithemba elitsha

Urhulumente omtsha, owathatha Khrushchev, ngethamsanqa, wakwazi ukuba ukuhlola imeko ngokuchane ngakumbi. Kaloku izixhobo, ecingisisiweyo ixesha lokuchithachitha yaye ekugqibeleni utshabalalise, makayixhome ngokuzolileyo, yedanisayo. Iisampulu kwezixhobo zemfazwe, ngaphandle koko angene ukungafaneleki kwakhe emzimbeni kodwa ugugile, ezifana ukuba zime akukho uthelekiso kunye efanayo lwasemzini ezenziwe. A kukhuphiswano ngelo xesha badlale indima ebalulekileyo. EVietnam, umlo imfazwe, amaMelika bakha amandla imali eninzi imali kunye nomzamo kwimpucuko zomkhosi. Hayi ke mgama "impi ebandayo" ...

Konke oku kwakhokelela ngesigqibo seKomiti Central uphuhliso kunye nokudalwa kraca iinkqubo ezintsha zokudubula self-ngokwaso. Deadly "bamphathele" Uya kwezinye mveliso zomkhosi. EKharkov uvimba-itanki laqalisa imveliso 2C2 "Carnation" (122mm) Volgograd usungule ukukhululwa 122 kwemilimitha "Viola" izityalo phambene waqala ngoko nangoko emva ezimbini ACS - 152mm howitzer "Acacia" kunye 240 mm nodaka 2C4 "eTulip ".

umsebenzi lomhla nezolo, yaye uvavanyo lokuqala

Kwelaxesha Ndandime intloko uphuhliso kaYuri Tomaszow. Nkqu nisaqala bethimba okhokelwa kuye Ndaqonda, kunye ngobuso zingaphi ubunzima. Noko ke, ayizange woyikise iqela iinjineli zomkhosi, kwaye ubungqina kakhulu obungenakuphikiswa oku inani elikhulu awodwa abenzi copyright ezifunyenwe ngexesha kuphuhliso.

Ukwenza izinto ngokuchubekileyo ke, iinkosi kunikezelo onke amanqanaba siphephe iingxaki ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, ubunzima kumsebenzi kwi projekthi "udaka" eTulip "kwakukho eninzi. Okokuqala, oko kwabuchaphazela iiseyile ukubaleka. Ekuqaleni kwacetywa ukuxhobisa inkqubo umkhondo nodaka, kodwa ke umthamo kwelayo sasisincinane kakhulu. Ubunzima ukuba kwakufuneka tsala ngokwam, ndafika iitoni 27, kunye namathuba oko aphoswe 21. kuphela Kamva, kunye neengcali ze intsebenziswano kushishino yokhuselo lwesizwe, kwagqitywa kukuxhobisa self-ngokwaso nodaka "eTulip" injini ka 520 hp .. (endaweni 400). yesisu umsantsa Annual ngokusekelwe tektala RK Umazisi "Circle". Iqela Yu Tomaszów ukuba ulungise kakhulu kwaye kuphuculwe inkqubo, kodwa ngokubanzi, intsebenziswano ube yimpumelelo.

kwavela ubunzima ngethuba iimvavanyo endle yokuqala. Inkqubo nje watshabalala impembelelo yayo. shot wakhe unamandla kangangokuba kwafuneka ukuba bashiye ingcamango yokuba ukubuya uya kulala. Yenza oku ezweni kuphela. Ngoko ke Iinjineli kwafuneka ukuba ngokungxamisekileyo up ukuyilwa iyunithi eyodwa, okubangela Umphanda kwisikhundla badubula.

Emva kokuphucula ngodaka "eTulip" kwavavanywa okwesibini. Yena ngokupheleleyo bavuthela ngakumbi ibhokisi yeepilisi yemihla eziphathekayo, ebonisa ukusebenza kwayo. Ngowe-1969, i-ACS "eTulip" ezifakwa imveliso, yaye ngowe-1971 babeka ngokusesikweni inkonzo.

"Bobi" yaye "nabazala" yayo

LeHamas efanayo udaka "eTulip"? Iimpawu kwenkqubo evumela ukusetyenziswa kweendidi eziliqela amaqokobhe. High-zivutha yeyam 53-F-864 zibekwe ngaphambili emva igubu, kwaye rocket oluncediswa projectile APM-0-ZVF2 ifakiwe lonke ubude bayo. Zingasetyenziswa kunye rocket zezixhobo namafutha, uluhlu yabo km 20. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ixesha elide, nkqu imbonakalo imigodi ezinjalo, ebizwa ngokuba "Wayengoyiki" lahlelwa. ngodaka 2C4 "eTulip" Self-ngokwaso na yokugcina anti-iintonga, amaqokobhe ezinembonakalo enyukliya laser. Kuba sokudubula i "eTulip" nawo cassette efanelekileyo "imvu" kwaye sigade "Pollock."

Analogue nokunye

Ngokuphathelele kunoogxa kwindawo yokuqala kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zokudubula esisinda, ekwamkeleni ezininzi zehlabathi, ukuya-150 mm ukuvuleka. Nodaka "eTulip" yeyona elinye lawona. Ngoko ke, xa uthetha malunga Uhambelwano koku umpu etshabalalisayo, kufanelekile ukuba ungathethi kangaka zokudubula eqhelekileyo, njengokuba izindululi rocket ezininzi, nkqu ukuhlasela moya. "ETulip" unika indlela eyahlukileyo MRL ngaphandle kuluhlu ukudubula, ngelixa kakhulu ngaphambi izinga lomlilo wajika iimpawu. Ukongezelela, "Hurricanes" yaye "Grad", bathi, baziimfama, ngoxa edubula ukusuka 'eTulip ", ungalawuleka kude.

Nenxaxheba kwiimfazwe zehlabathi

Uvavanyo lokuqala kakhulu waqala inyathelo ngumkhosi Afghanistan. -240 mm udaka self-ngokwaso "eTulip" liye lazibonakalisa kwimimandla esezintabeni njenge "ezigqwesileyo". Imfazwe Afghanistan lithathe 120 ACS inxalenye, ubukhulu becala kusetyenziswa imigodi ophezulu neziqhushumbisi ukuqhekeka imijukujelwa ekhokelwa "Bobi."

I sebenzisa "eTulip" kwaye kwiimfazwe ezimbini Chechen. Emva shot yokuqala Dudayev utyhole eRashiya ngokuyeka ukuqhushumba yenyukliya. Enyanisweni, intshabalalo wenze lowo kunye am kuphela.

Namhlanje ngodaka "eTulip" akazange aphinde abonwe kwi Donbass. Ngokutsho silwe, imikhosi VSN unayo kwawo 2 nodaka "eTulip", bobabini baba kwimilo.

Namhlanje ngodaka "eTulip" ethatyathwe imveliso, kodwa kuyekiswe inkonzo.