UDionysius iAreopagite, "Ebukhosini basezulwini." Saint Dionysius iAreopagite

KwiZenzo, uMoya oyiNgcwele uLuka usitshela ukuba abaninzi balaphulaphuli bakholelwa kuYesu Kristu ngelixa umpostile uPawulos wamemezela intshumayelo yakhe . Kwaye omnye wabo nguDiyonsius waseAreopagite. Kodwa kutheni umlandeli wabela kakhulu?

UDionysius iAreopagite ngaphambi kokwamkela ubuKristu

Kuthiwa kwinto yokuba le ndoda yayingumntu oyintloko kunye neGreece. Kwabizwa ngokuba yiAreopagite kuba yayingamele inkundla ephakamileyo yaseAthene - Areopagus. Ukususela ngexesha lomsunguli wenkundla yaSolon, amacala amanzima kakhulu kuwo onke amaRiphabliki kunye nemigaqo yeGrisi, kunye nakwizixeko ezininzi zaseRoma kunye nemimandla, athatyathwa khona ukuze enze isigqibo sokugqibela. I-Dionysius iAreopagite, njengoko bathi, yayisona siqhelanqo kuzo zonke izithethi, ezigqithiseleyo kuzo zonke izazi-astronomers, ezizona zifilosofi kakhulu, ezichanekileyo kunye neenyaniso zabo bonke abagwebi. Wayengumntu onikwe zonke izici. Ukuguqulwa komntu owaziwayo kumbuKristu waba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kwiCawa elisezantsi.

Emva kokwamkela ubuKristu

Ngaphantsi kobunkokheli beCawa yaseAthene, uHerothea Dionysius wafunda ubuKristu ngexesha elifutshane kwaye wabonisa impumelelo ephawulekayo yokuba uMpostile uPawulos wammisela isikhundla sokuba umbhishophu esikhundleni sikaHerotheothe ngokwakhe, owasuka eAthene ukuze athathe ilizwi likaKristu kwamanye amazwe. Ngokwemvelo, icawa yaseAthene phantsi kobunkokeli bhishophu omtsha yaqala ukukhula ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, ngomnyaka wamashumi amahlanu anesibhozo woKuzalwa kukaKristu, uDionysius waseAreopag waya kwidolophu yaseYerusalem, apho abapostile namaqabane abo bavela kuzo zonke ezinye iindawo bahlanganiselwa nguMoya oyiNgcwele. Ngoko ke, umbhishophu waseAthene, washesha ukuba ahambe.

Imisebenzi Yomvangeli

EYerusalem, iintetho eziphefumlelweyo zabaPostile abaNgcwele, umbono we-Assumption of Virgin, ukucamngca kweGolgotha kunye nezinye izinto ezenza uDionysius wafumana amava anzulu angaphakathi apho wazimisela ukushiya uyise kunye nentsapho yakhe ngonaphakade aze ashumayele iVangeli kumazwe angamahedeni. Wabuyela eAthens ukuba athathe kunye nabafundisi abaninzi. Ngaphezu koko, umendo wakhe walala entshona yeYurophu, apho ukukhulekelwa kwezithixo kwakukhula khona, apho wamzukisa uYesu Kristu ngegama, iimpawu kunye nezimangalisa. Wamkhwelisa ngokukhanya kweVangeli ukuya eItali, eSpain, eJamani naseGaul, de wafa eParis, iminyaka eyikhulu neshumi emva kokuzalwa kukaKristu. Ngo-Oktobha 3, iBandla liwubhiyozela inkumbulo yolu hlobo oludumileyo lobuKristu bokuqala njengoSt. Dionysius waseAreopagite.

Ingcaciso yam okanye cha?

Ekupheleni kwekhulu lesihlanu eSiriya, umbhali ongumKristu ongaziwa wanyathelisa uluhlu lweentetho ezifundiswa kwisiGrike. Le mi sebenzi yayisekelwe kwisithethe seBhayibhile kunye nefilosofi ye-Neoplatonism. Ngokuthakazelisayo, bakhululwa phantsi kwegama lomlobi "uDionysius the Areopagite". Ngaba oku kuyingxaki? Kunzima ukusho ngokungathandabuzekiyo. Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi abaninzi bathambekele ekungqineleni ukuba oku kusengqinisiso, kwaye bakhetha ukubhekisela kumbhali walezi zonyango njenge-Pseudo-Dionysius Areopagite.

Imisebenzi yaseAopopagite

I-corpus yemisebenzi iquka iincwadi ezintlanu. Ulwaphulo oluthiwa lubhalwe nguDionysius iAreopagite, "KwiamaGama aphezulu", iqulethe iingqinisiso malunga neenkcazo kunye nezihloko ezinikezwa eBhayibhileni ngokubhekiselele kuThixo ("Ulungile", "Oyedwa", "uYehova", "iintsuku zakudala", "uKumkani wookumkani" "). Umbhali uzama ukucacisa kwiinjongo zesayensi ngokuphathelele intsingiselo engcwele yamagama anjalo. Kwesinye isicatshulwa, esithi "Kwi-theology ye-mystery," ithetha ngokuphakama kukaThixo ngaphezu kwayo yonke into umntu angayichaza ngayo ngamazwi. Ngoko ke, uThixo uphezulu kunokuba ubunye kunye nobunye, njengoko uDionysius iAreopagite ubonisa ngokucinga kwakhe. Ezinye zeendlela ezithandekayo zenkolo, zombini ngexesha labo nangomzuzwana, zithi "Ngegama LikaThixo" kunye ne "Theology Theology." UDionysius iAreopagite ngumlobi onokuthi iincwadi ziyakwenza isithsaba sokuqokelela kwanoma yimuphi umntu onentshisekelo kwizifundo zeBhayibhile kunye nezobugcisa. Kukho nencwadi ethi "kwiCawa yobuGcisa", echaza ubomi bemihla ngemihla yecawa - imikhosi yabafundisi (idikoni, abafundisi kunye neepiscopal), iisramram (ubhaptizo, i-chrismation kunye ne-Eucharist), imingcwabo kunye nemicimbi yomtshato, iimeko zokuguquka kunye neententekezi. Kodwa eyona nto ibhalwe ngokugqithiseleyo, ebhalwe nguDionysius iAreopagite - "Kwi-hierarchy yasezulwini." Kufanelekile ukuhlala kwiinkcukacha ezingakumbi.

Incwadi ethi "Kwi-Celestial Hierarchy"

Lo msebenzi uthatha indawo enomdla kakhulu. Kulo msebenzi, kukho ubungqina obuvela kwiVangeli kunye ne-Apocalypse kaYohane. Oku kubonisa ukuba lo msebenzi ubhaliwe kungekuqaleni kwekhulu lokuqala emva kokuzalwa kukaKristu, kungekhona eAthens, kodwa sele sele sele ehlala kumazwe aseNtshona. Incwadi ngokwayo iyahlula kwizahluko ezilishumi elinesihlanu. Okokuqala, ngaphambi kokuba atshele ngeemfihlelo zasezulwini, uDionysius waseAreopagite uthandaza kuqala eNkosini ukucela ukuba aqonde iimpawu phantsi kwazo iingelosi kunye nezigaba zazo ezimele kwiZibhalo ezingcwele. Emva koko imfuno yeempawu ngokwazo ekuchazeni iinkonzo zecawa kunye neengelosi zichazwe, ekubeni ingqondo yethu ayikwazi ukungena kule mfihlelo nangayiphi indlela. Kodwa awukwazi ukuthatha le miqondiso ngokuchanekileyo, kuba ihlabathi likaThixo lingenalo. Ngendlela, into efanayo kuthethwa nguDionysius iAreopagite ngamagama aphezulu-ezi zizo zonke izibonakaliso ezingabonakaliyo okanye omnye ukubonakaliswa kweNkosi.

Ingcamango yolawulo. Dionysius iAreopagite

"Kuloluhlu lwamaziko asezulwini" ngumsebenzi osisiseko somsululwazi we-Christian we-angelology, owathi wabuyela kwimimoya kunye "nomlingo omhlophe." Olu lathiso lujongene nokufunda ngeengelosi, imisebenzi yabo, iinqanaba kunye nokusebenzisana nabo. Emva kwemizekelo ecatshulwe ngasentla kunye nenkcazo kwindlela yokuphatha, umgaqo wolawulo lolawulo lunikezelwa njengobuhlobo obuyingcwele phakathi kwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo, okujolise ekubanjweni kokuqala (oko kuthetha uMdali) ngokukhanyisa, ukuhlanjululwa nokufezekiswa komntu kunye nokulawulwa komntu. Ngako oko, lonke ulawulo oluphezulu lwezithunywa zezulu (abathunywa) luyipiramidi, phezulu kwayo iNkosi ngokwakhe.

Amanqaku angelosi

Enyanisweni, igama elithi "ingelosi" libhekisela kwimisebenzi yombhali onjalo njengoDionysius iAreopagite, kuphela kwiinqanaba eziphezulu ezisezulwini, kodwa nangona kunjalo ingaba ngandlela-thile ehambelana nomgangatho ophezulu, ekubeni onke amagunya asezantsi. Ulawulo oluyingcwele luhlukaniswe ngamadridi amathathu. Kwi-Cherubim yokuqala, iSeraphim kunye neTrone. Okwesibini - UkuBongamela, Amandla kunye naMandla. Kwesithathu, iiAngelo zeNtloko, iiNgelosi kunye nezinto. Ewonke, kukho amabakala asithoba. Iimpawu zecandelo lokuqala (eliphezulu) liguqulelwe ngokwemiqathango yamagama abo. I-Seraphim - ilangabi, iiKerubhi - izilumko, izihlalo zobukhosi - zihlala ngqo etroneni yeNkosi (njengoko zithetha ngokuqhubekayo, zifumana kuye ukuhlanzeka nokuphelela). Amagunya, amagunya kunye nezikhundla (ezi zilandelayo zigaba) zityhilwa ngamagama abo. Kuthiwa bafezekiswe kwaye bakhanyiswa ngeendlela zokukhanyisa ezithunyelwe ezivela phezulu, kwaye zigqithise kubo. Ukunikezelwa kobuthixo, ukudlula kwesinye isithunywa ukuya kwesinye, kuhamba ngexesha. Iziqalo, iiNgelosi kunye neentloko zeNtloko ziphethe amaziko abantu kwaye zixhaphaza abantu. Emva koko, emsebenzini wakhe, uSaint Dionysius waseAreopagite uchaza kwaye uchaza iimpawu ezisetyenziswe kwiZibhalo ezingcwele ukuchaza uBukumkani bamaZulwini.