Ufakelo Mcetywa: Indlela kunye Technologies

Kuphuhliso lwamashisini mihla kunye noqoqosho lwedolophu akunakwenzeka ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle ukusetyenziswa kwemibhobho kwiinjongo ezahlukeneyo. ukusebenza liqhawuke of ukufudumeza amanzi, ugutyulo, igesi, imigca ioli, njalo njalo. G. Ngamana kubonelelwa phantsi kuphela kumagatya lobuchwepheshe kunye nemigangatho ngexesha icebo labo. Yombhobho iindlela ibandla, zininzi.

Ziziphi iindlela ezinokusetyenziswa

Nazi iindlela eziphambili ukufaka lines:

• indlela zoluntu jikelele iquka ibandla emikhulu phezu iiasi, ngokunjalo omnye umnyango kunye namachibi kuhamba-nge.
• Ivaliwe okanye trenchless indlela. Oku kubandakanya kungekabekwa ngemibhobho phantsi komhlaba ngaphandle lokuvula emhlabeni.
• kwimowudi efihlakeleyo. Kulo mzekelo, umbhobho ukuzolula of imingxuma embiweyo.

Imida ibandla, kuxhomekeke iimpawu medium abathuthwayo, ingasetyenziswa iindlela iimeko ufakelo kokugquma umbhobho, ezenziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo: eziphathekayo, intsimbi, iplastiki, yodongwe, asbestos. Emizini ubonelelo lwamanzi kumbhobho ngokubekwa iya kwenziwa ngaphakathi kothango lweenqwelo zokulwa efanayo kunye nezinye zonxibelelwano (ubushushu ngoohola, iinkqubo intambo kunye t.). Uvunyelwe ukusebenzisa njenge umsele nomzila technologies.

Amanqaku indlela evulekile ngokubekwa imibhobho

Yinkqubo enjalo yenziwe ngokubekwa imibhobho zokufudumeza, ubonelelo lwamanzi, ugutyulo njalo njalo. G. Phantsi ukusetyenziswa channels umgca isicatshulwa xa kuthelekiswa indlela umsele na inzuzo omnye ezahlukahlukeneyo. imibhobho babeka kuzo bangabi phantsi koxinzelelo ngexesha samadoda umhlaba okanye iintshukumo, yaye ke ngoko ixesha elide. Engxakini kule ndlela ithathwa ngokuba ukungafumaneki neendlela, ukuba kuyimfuneko, wazilungisa.

ufakelo Mcetywa e amajelo flow ibiza kakhulu. Noko ke, kule meko, iingcali ekukhonzeni iinkampani kufuneka ukufikelela kwi ezintlanganweni zeendlela ngaphandle kwesidingo eyombiweyo.

Ngaphezu umbhobho komhlaba ngokuqhelekileyo iyilungisile kuphela kwiindawo bagula lokuhlaliswa kwabantu, njengoko iindlela yethutyana njalo njalo. D. Ixhasa phantsi kubo kuba zonke iintlobo eziphathekayo metal nezakhiwo, iibhulurho, izakhiwo kunye neendonga njalo. D.

Iindlela imibhobho kwiindawo ezisezidolophini nomahluko. Kodwa nayiphi na imeko umnombo zokuhlala uza kuncothulwa ngaphandle ommandla ingcinezelo emhlabeni izityalo kunye nezakhiwo. Oku kunceda ukulondoloza iziseko impumelelo tyala. Zonke komhlaba urban eziluncedo bohlulwa babe ngamaqela ezintathu eziphambili: eziphambili, ukuba sendleleni kunye nokusasazwa. Iintlobo zokuqala zonke iinethiwekhi soqhagamshelwano esiqinileyo zezo lali. uluhlu lwemibhobho Transit nje emdeni mzi, kodwa akukho ayithethi ukuyisebenzisa. distribution line Call elandisiweyo ukususela undoqo ngqo kwizakhiwo.

indlela Hidden nokubeka

ukwakhiwa Mcetywa le ndlela lwenziwa rhoqo. Inzuzo ephambili ngokubekwa mibhobho imisele i cheapness yayo isalamane. Noko ke, kule meko inkqubo ibandla kufuneka ngokuthe ngqo. Ngapha koko, ufikelelo imibhobho kule meko zinzima kwaye kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba kutywinwe iintanda yombhobho afunekayo manqaphanqapha kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Imigaqo yomsebenzi nge gasket ezifihlakeleyo

Kwemiqolo phantsi umendo ingasetyenziswa melkozaglublennye okanye nzulu. Kwimeko yokuqala, yombhobho ngokubekwa enziwa 50-90 cm. Xa usebenzisa indlela umsele enzonzobila wemba ngezantsi qhwa komhlaba. Ukubeka kungenziwa eqhutywe kubunzulu woshishino m 5 xa ngokubekwa imigca umbhobho Terms ezinjalo ehlonelwa .:

1. Ukuba tight komhlaba, imibhobho wabeka ngqo kulo.
2. Xa sibeka unzulu ngaphezulu kwe-4 m, okanye ukuba iityhubhu ezenziwe ngezinto namandla kakhulu, amalungiselelo zeendawana ngumntu. Ngoko ke ukwenza iilayini enikwe kwi iimeko kwindibano ezintsonkothileyo bolwakhiwo mhlaba onamanzi.
3. Emazantsi umsele lulungiselelwa ngendlela yokuba imibhobho udibane naye kuyo. Abakhoyo ize lendawo lizaliswe ngesanti okanye zemihlaba.
4. Xa ubukho bamanzi aphantsi komhlaba kwiindawo emihadini asezantsi amalungiselelo ukubaleka kwazo.

uhlobo yoFakelo Hidden: features ubuchwepheshe

imigca ibandla Technology kuquka ezikhethiweyo kuxhomekeke ngokwezinto kusetyenziswa umbhobho. iziqwenga Polymeric ezininzi welding (ukuya ku 18-24 m ubude) ngqo kwi kwindawo yokugcina, ze ke bamnikele endaweni gasket. Apha, kwixesha ehlotyeni kokuba ziqokelelwe ibe umtya oluzingileyo, kwaye ke ngoko afakwe esemseleni wawakhotha. Ufakelo lwenziwa yi koomatshini welding mobile. Ebusika umbhobho leyo ilele ngaphakathi kothango lweenqwelo zokulwa, omnye eziqhagamshelene kuncanyatheliswe okanye ngokusebenzisa amakhonkco zerabha.

Mcetywa bokusebenzisa yokwakha ukuvelisa ithambeka ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi. Ngaphambi kokufakwa umbhobho oku kuhlolwa kuba ubukho neetshiphusi. Eziqhagamshelene kwenyuka sealingly zabo umcu itha kunye isixhobo lock le oluludaka lwesamente. Malunga Imibhobho njengokuba kufanelekile yaye eziphathekayo. Njengoko itywina kulo mzekelo zingasetyenziswa iringi irabha.

imibhobho asbestos isamente kunye noxinzelelo ukuya ku 0.6 MPA uqokelele usebenzisa dvuhburtnyh asbestos bamba, kunye nengcinezelo 0.9 MPA - usebenzisa intsimbi flanged. imibhobho Non-xi usebenzisa imikhono zezindlu. Steel umendo ehlahla usebenzisa welding.

indlela trenchless

Lwemibhobho le ndlela kakhulu kusetyenziswa xa akunakwenzeka ukuba technology indibano oyimfihlo. Ngokomzekelo, kanye phantsi umgca kume zeendlela ezixakekileyo, iziporo, ezibalulekile yangaphandle, njl Ezi ndlela zilandelayo xa trenchless kungekabekwa imibhobho ..:

• kwenzakalani;
• ambe kuwo;
• ukubhola othe tye;
• nesihlangu uqhuba.

kwabaqhubi

Ngokwale iteknoloji kume lwemibhobho e osisivunda nodongwe nemihlaba. Nokusebenzisa kwayo kwemibhobho kungafakwa isimangalo ukuya kwi-60 m Ngubani le ndlela ngolu hlobo .:

• tube kuhlinzwa kwi tip kunxitywe;
• e kumgama othile ukusuka umqobo wemba umhadi, bayimisa ukuba jack ngesanti kubunzulu baphantsi kwi isekela;
• It uvikivwa emhadini kunye ityhubhu kufakwa apho kukho ezincinane ububanzi ityhubhu - «ramrod";
• luvelise okuhlatywa kumhlaba ngezigaba.

Esebenzisa le ndlela emhlabeni ngaphandle ayikwazi ukususwa. Xa inkqubo okuhlatywa ivalelwa yi achazwe apha umbhobho.

kwabaqhubi indlela, kunye namakhaka nobuchwepheshe uqhuba

Ezi bugcisa nazo zisetyenziswa kakhulu rhoqo, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukwakha imibhobho phantsi iingxaki. Imibhobho ngu Ukuhlukunyezwa ivumela ukuba boyise imiqobo ukuya kwikhulu eemitha. Ityhubhu kule meko isiphelo evulekileyo uye wanyanzelelwa ngaphandle emhlabeni. Oku kubangela apho ngaphakathi kumhlaba iplagi isusiwe.

Tunneling ikhaka iquka inkxaso, ibe likhaba kunye icandelo umsila. Eyesibini inika igawulwa rock kunye nezakhiwo lekhefu apha uluhlu. Inkxaso isabelo na uhlobo umsesane kunye eyenzelwe ukunika isakhiwo lo ngqongqo kuyimfuneko. Inxalenye umsila ibekwe kude ulawulo nenkcula.

ukubhola zemiyalelo oxwesileyo

Le ndlela ithathwa kakhulu eninzi. Kodwa uye wasebenzisa enye ecacileyo. Kunokuthatha nkqu imihlaba ezininzi ezishinyeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwethekhinoloji enjalo. Kugrunjwa kule meko yenziwa kweentonga ezizodwa eziqhagamshelene yeehenjisi. Zokumba ekuLunyukisiweyo ngazo zinakho ukuqhutywa ngesantya 1,5-19 m / h. Ngelishwa, obu bugcisa alinakusetyenziswa phambi kwendawo komhlaba.

Ngenxa yoko, ukhetho ubuchule kuxhomekeke ngokubekwa ngemibhobho phezu iimpawu zomhlaba, izinto wokwenziwa imibhobho, imveliso efunekayo. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, komboko ubuchwepheshe ibandla kufuneka zilandelwe ngqo. line high-high - ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle izityalo mveliso nezinto eziluncedo kamasipala.