Ukhenketho kwangaphakathi kwi Russian Federation: ingqiqo, iingxaki namathemba

ukhenketho kwangaphakathi - uhambo eziququzelelwe ngokuba abasemzini, abakhenkethi bamanye amazwe.

"Manor ezimibala Russian okanye obungabangeli mdla eSiberia - abakhenkethi bamanye amazwe nto ingako ngayo Russia", - bayazisola iingcali zecandelo lokhenketho. Kakade ke, ayithethi embonweni yabemi basemzini ekubhobhozeni kwayo; kwi Russian Federation uvelisa ukuhamba ezitratweni, yaye wadliswa iingalo Russian. Noko Nguwo lo rudiment yezo zimvo ka-Russia,, njengoko inoluvo lokuba iminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu kweli lizwe, akukho nto iye yatshintsha entsimini iinkonzo zokhenketho. ukhenketho kwangaphakathi kwi Russian Federation kufuneka ngokupheleleyo ukutshintsha kuxhomekeke indlela ofanelekileyo kuphuhliso kweendlela ezintsha ezi zigwebo.

ukuba nombono

Ntonye ingcamango "yokhenketho kwangaphakathi" ilizwi IsiNgesi "olungenayo". Kule nkqubo izixhobo zazo zokupasa iimveliso zokhenketho, kodwa kungekhona ziphuhliswe njengoko aspect engaphakathi. kushishino lwezokhenketho Market iquka iindawo okanye kwengqondo-uhambo olufutshane.

abakhenkethi kwemali

Inani labatyeleli baseRashiya wakhula ngesantya de 2014. Emva koko kulandele kukwehla ehambisana kunye nokuncipha kwamanani abakhenkethi ngenxa eziya zisiba kweshishini uzilawula. Kodwa ke ngo-2015 i-ekungeneni lwabahambi iye wachacha kancinane. Rosstat unika amandla ilandelayo ukukhula abatyeleli bamanye amazwe abaye babonisa "ezokhenketho" njengoko injongo ngotyelelo lwakhe eRashiya:

• 2011 - 2.335.977 abantu;
• 2012 - 2.570.469 abantu;
• 2013 - 2664782 indoda;
• 2014 - 2.583.079 abantu;
• 2015 - 3 million abasemzini.

Phantse emithathu kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, Rosstat iye kuthathwa abangabaphambukeli eRashiya yi kukutshintsha kwenkqubo, ukuze ugqithele kwinkqubo accounting eyenziwe yi-World Tourism Organization ukuba isetyenziswe ngawo onke amazwe. WoKhanketho - umntu weza eRashiya ukuchitha imali. Phantsi kwale nkqubo, sele ngo-2015 kwaba lula ukuthetha phantse zizigidi ezithathu abasemzini. Ngowe-2016 isekwaqaphele okuhambisa ezintle.

Yintoni ebambe ukuhamba abakhenkethi e Russia

noochwephesha kwezoshishino ezinika bathi abakhenkethi zangaphandle na kwehlile, kodwa baqala ukusebenzisa indlela ngaphantsi yaye uyakhetha ngakumbi ukhetho kweenkonzo. Iingcali ebizwa imiba ethintela uphuhliso kwezokhenketho kwangaphakathi eRashiya:

• Uphuhliso zaneleyo lwenkonzo lomoya ngamazwe;
• izithintelo visa;
• imiba yokhuseleko;
• amaxabiso aphezulu package abakhenkethi;
• inqanaba elisezantsi wenkonzo;
• nezibonelelo ezikwimeko elusizi;
• ukungakhululeki nkqubo angaphandle;
• ulwazi zaneleyo malunga iholide eRashiya.

izinto ezintle

Imeko ne yokhenketho kwangaphakathi nangoku iyatshintsha. Namhlanje, le hlobo lokuhamba ithathwa intsingiselo, neengcali kushishino lokhenketho nokukhuthaza amathuba zabakhenkethi of Russia ehlabathini. Ukuba uchaze izinto ezicacileyo ukhenketho, ukuzisa utyalo-ngqo, ngokunjalo imisebenzi kwizifundo ze nakwiimanyano ezichaphazelekileyo. Ukongeza, eyayinethombo uthotho abakhenkethi kukhuthaza uphuhliso lwezibonelelo zabakhenkethi imarike.

Imeko elihle kwezokhenketho kwangaphakathi enxulumene:

• ukuqaliswa kwe-visa umbuso lula;
• kokufika zamapolisa abakhenkethi ;
• uphuhliso lwezibonelelo nje kuphela elikomkhulu kodwa kwimimandla;
• ukudalwa abakhenkethi yesizwe amaziko Nto Visit Russia kumazwe ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi ukumela ulwazi umfanekiso malunga eRashiya.

iindlela ezithandwayo

inkampani abakhenkethi eSoviet "Intourist" kwi yee-, banikwa iimpawu kwezokhenketho, liqulunqe iindlela ezilikhulu, anandiphe umdla abakhenkethi bamanye amazwe.

• Moscow - St. Petersburg.
• EMoscow - Russia i-Golden Ring.
• Trans-Siberian Express.
• Tea Road.
• IVolga Route Great.
• River Cruises.

Umbutho kwabaqhubi Uhambo yokhenketho kwangaphakathi namhlanje uhlala ukuvuselela ezi nkalo, kodwa ke ukuza kuthi ga ngoku bathi iimveliso zokhenketho kuphela kukhuthazwa. amathuba ezinika le mimandla amelwe ngokungenamkhethe ngokuvimba ezimbini kuphela ekhulwini.

ubunkunkqele bokhenketho

EMoscow St Petersburg asisakwazi amaziko kuphela nokutsala bolunye uhlanga, kuquka ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezibonelelo isoloko oswele, okanye amatikiti ibhasi kwiimyuziyam. Iingcali koshishino lokhenketho anikele:

1. Ukuphuhlisa indlela entsha ukuze kwakhiwe njengendawo yokhenketho. Umzekelo, eMoscow okanye St. Petersburg njenge mzi mkhulu kunye isisiqalo selo indlela; ngakumbi - bafudukela kwezinye iingingqi.
2. Yenza uhlobo olutsha iindlela ezidibanisa iingingqi. Umzekelo, i "Russian Silver Umgexo". Oku kuquka izifundo elinanye amanqaku ngenkcazo, zenkcubeko nezembali.
3. Yenza portal yokhenketho enye ngokupheleleyo-epheleleyo incoko eRashiya, edibanisa zonke izithembiso zamandwendwe asuka ngaphandle kweli.

Kwezokhenketho imithetho brand

market ukhenketho Modern kuphela inikezela ngokhenketho nemibutho, kodwa izisombululo elungiselelwe wona ngokuxhomekeke kuyo lwabo. Isinikezelo dyondzisaka, i ezinomdla kakhulu ukuba abakhenkethi. nokuphuma abakhenkethi izinto ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ubuqili yezokhenketho awukwazi ngoyaba. Russia ukuze uthathe ithuba nemfuno, ukudala lamaziko enkcubeko kunye wendalo brand, kuzale imifanekiso imveliso ezokhenketho. Kuba nabakhenkethi bengenaxesha imida waseNigeria, beza ngenxa yale nto.

Ukongeza kwiindawo zenqila, basemzini ungavula izimvu, eSiberia ena; emafeni ezindilekileyo, amachibi zokuloba zolondolozo lwendalo. Kushishino lwezokhenketho bakholelwa ukuba namhlanje kukho iimeko kakuhle yokukhuthaza Russia amazwe.

Apho kwi abakhenkethi Russian abahamba

Russia phakathi kwamazwe eyishumi watyelela ehlabathini, kodwa libe lisalele kude emva eFransi, i-US, Spain ne Turkey. Xa inani abakhenkethi ndifikile eRashiya, inkokeli yi China.

abakhenkethi Foreign ku Russia:

• EU - ezingamashumi amabini anesixhenxe ekhulwini;
• Asia - amathathu anesithathu ekhulwini (China - engamashumi amabini anesithathu per cent);
• Mpuma Asia and Australia - ezimbini per cent;
• Ico - anesihlanu ekhulwini;
• Middle East - elinambini ekhulwini;
• US - elinanye ekhulwini.

Tourism Iran ne India baba nomdla abemi baseRashiya. Nomdla zeqhinga eRussia icandelo lokhenketho ejolise Iran, India ne Vietnam.

Ingeniso evela abakhenkethi bamanye amazwe

I-World Tourism Organization ipapasha data yonyaka kumazwe anengeniso lokhenketho kwangaphakathi. Bathi elibonisa ukuba iRussia ngaphambi ezincinci eli lizwe ubukhulu. Kwaye abanye inzima kakhulu kwi Russian Federation:

• USA - angamakhulu amabini anesine amawaka ezigidi zeerandi;
• Germany - practical amathathu anesixhenxe amawaka ezigidi zeerandi;
• France - phantse mane anesithandathu ezigidi zeerandi;
• Spain - amahlanu anesithandathu enesiqingatha ezigidi zeerandi;
• Russia - anesibhozo kunye billion ezinesiqingatha zeedola;
• China - ikhulu elinamanci elinesine ezigidi zeerandi;
• South Africa - kancinane ngaphezu billion ezisibhozo zeerandi;
• New Zealand - phantse billion ezilithoba zeerandi.

abakhenkethi Russian zichitha ngokuphindwe kane ngaphezu abasemzini eRashiya. Ukhuphiswano kunye amazwe abaye baqaphela iinzuzo zokhenketho elide, nto leyo kuyimfuneko ukwandisa imali kule ingxenye.

Iimarike zengingqi ukuze abakhenkethi bamanye amazwe

Uhambisa ukuphuhlisa ukhenketho kwangaphakathi ngaphandle kwimimandla ombaxa, iingcali ezokhenketho zithi ekungakwazini zezifundo ukunika iinkonzo ezisemgangathweni abakhenkethi bamanye amazwe. Oku kusebenza kuphela kuphuhliso indlela, kodwa iinkcukacha ezisisiseko. ukhenketho Regional kufuneka zongezwe ngabasebenzi - ingakumbi guides abamaziyo ubuncinane IsiNgesi.

Namhlanje, kwizifundo nezitsala umdla wabakhenkethi nabantu kunqabile ukuba ufumane i menu ezimbini, okanye iincwadana ehotele abasemzini.

Kwezinye iingingqi abakhenkethi bamanye amazwe kakhulu

Isabelo bolunye uhlanga e hotele Russian ingaphezulu elinanye ekhulwini, okt. E. Malunga nezigidi abantu abathandathu. Nangona kunjalo, ukwanda kwe abakhenkethi ukuba umzi lazo. Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha bahlala eMoscow - amathathu anesihlanu ekhulwini inani elipheleleyo iindwendwe, ngaphezu kancinane ngaphezu kwezigidi ezibini. Isabelo bolunye uhlanga e St. Petersburg - ayi-amathathu ekhulwini inani elipheleleyo iindwendwe, ngaphezu kwesigidi abantu. Exakayo, inani abakhenkethi bamanye amazwe akusoloko ngokomlinganiselo kwemali yangaphakathi abakhenkethi.

Imimandla umdla amazwe

Xa sithelekisa ukusebenza kukhenketho ekhaya, iziphumo zezi zilandelayo:

• Primor: amaRashiya - 813 511 abantu basemzini - 145.483;
• ummandla Irkutsk: baseRashiya - 848.572 izizwe - 124.901;
• ummandla Sverdlovsk: baseRashiya - 1.079.998 izizwe - 79 997;
• Tatarstan: i baseRashiya - 1.680.475 izizwe - 101 980;
• ummandla Vladimir: baseRashiya - 535 izizwe - 88 845;
• ummandla Yaroslavl: baseRashiya - 633.984 izizwe - 48.845.

Izixhobo ukutsala amanani zabakhenkethi

Ukwandisa ukuhamba wabakhenkethi iphenjelelwa izibonelelo ehotele eziphuhlileyo, izikhululo mihla kunye nokukhuthaza olusebenzayo-NMMU ezivela ngaphandle, kuquka ixesha iziganeko behlabathi.

Ngowe-2018 esi siganeko siza kuba iNdebe yeHlabathi, nto leyo ethatha Russian. Kwaye kakade amanqanaba ndimlungiselele iqala ukukhuthaza lezokhenketho lizwe.

Imidlalo iya kuqhutyelwa amabala ezilishumi imizi elishumi elinamnye Russian. Ngokutsho kweengcali, iNdebe yeHlabathi yeFIFA okunokutsalela ngayo ukuya kwi 1.5 million bolunye uhlanga, kuquka entry visa-free kwi fan kuluhlu yokundwendwela kunye FIFA. abakhenkethi nganye angayisebenzisa eRashiya kwi-avareji malunga amawaka eerandi.

Iingcali kumisa kumaziko zabakhenkethi-ofisi zehlabathi Nto Tyelela eRashiya wenziwe uthotho iintetho malunga lizwe, iintlanga ziya nokuphuhlisa iinkqubo zokwazisa malunga namathuba ezokhenketho eRashiya. Championship kuveza imingeni emitsha ngeshishini lokhenketho, oku ithuba elilodwa ukuthetha izixeko Russian nokwenza abakhenkethi ngundaba kulo lonke elo lizwe.

Ukususela kwiBaltic ukuya Kuril Islands, ukusuka Arctic ezintabeni Caucasus

Ngomhla ukhenketho Russian ebumnyameni kuphela basemzini. Ikakhulu amaRashiya ukwazi kuphela malunga zawo ezingqongileyo abakhenkethi lenkundla, engazi kangakanani kwiindawo eRashiya apho idlulisela umoya:

• mqolomba Kungur kummandla Perm - 148 ngokusebenzisa nomphini nkqo.
• Valley lotuses kwi iVolga.
• ndlu Stalin e-Samara - imigangatho, kunye zekheshi 12.
• Dancing Ihlathi ne uhambo eziphilayo.
• Kargopol - sisixeko samandulo, ezihonjiswe 11 ezimhlophe-ilitye iitempile.
• isixeko nechibi Mologa 32 km ukusuka Rybinsk.
• Mlilo Alaid Atlasova kwi siqithi.
• Wrangel Island - Indawo yokuGcina izilwanyana, apho izityalo ezine nedazini kunye nezilwanyana ezifumaneka ndawo enye.
• Kapova umqolomba - malunga 200 imizobo abantu bakudala.
• Champ Island kunye ngamatye ngeenxa zonke.
• Whale Alley e Chukotka - i Eskimo engcwele yamandulo.
• Iintsika yemozulu e Komi.
• Chara Sands kunye lwamawa iindunduma zentlabathi ukuya ku-25 eemitha.
• World Ocean Museum e Kaliningrad.

Kule minyaka mithathu idlulileyo, imarike ukhenketho lwasekhaya itshintshe kakhulu: kwakhiwa niche babakhenkethi, ukuchonga abadlali abaphambili kushishino lokhenketho kwiingingqi kukho iimveliso ezintsha kwezokhenketho. ukhenketho basekhaya kwangaphakathi zingaphuhliswa kwicala elinye phezu kweziseko enye, kodwa kufuneka zijolise abahambi ezahlukeneyo - basekhaya angaphandle. Oku kusebenza kwiindlela hayi, iingcali zithi, kwaye ubuqili kwezokhenketho, ezifana njengolwimi iimeko kunye visa ulawulo lula. Ezinye izinto ezikhuthaza iimveliso zokhenketho Russian, ezifana nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nentuthuzelo umkhweli kwezithuthi, ayimfuneko ngokulinganayo nakubasebenzisi uluhlu lweenkonzo ezinikezelwa ukuba abahambi evela ehlabathini lonke.