Ingcaciso kunye nemvelaphi yegama likaNovikov

Imvelaphi yegama elithi Novikov ngokuqhelekileyo yaba yinto yokufunda iilwimi. Inyaniso kukuba phakathi kwe-100 edumileyo, kwaye kungekhona kuphela eRashiya, kodwa yonke ihlabathi igugu ngamashumi amawaka abantu.

Imbali kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamaRashiya

Amagama amagama avela kwintsimi yeRashiya kuphela kwikota ye-XIV. Ngaphambi kweso sihlandlo, abantu baxhomekeke kwigama labo (igama labo okanye okhokho) okanye igama leendawo yokuhlala. Inkqubo yokuqala yokuzinyango ebonakalayo ivela kwiindawo ezintle: iinkosana, inkwenkwezi, abantwana bodumo. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XVI, igama labafundisi beOthodoki, abathengisi nabahlali basezidolophini. Kwaye emva kwenye inkulungwane bavela phakathi kwabalimi.

KwiRashiya yanamhlanje kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamagama, ngokungabikho kwelinye ilizwe ehlabathini. Zonke ziyakwazi ukwahlukana ngamaqela kuxhomekeke kwimvelaphi:

1. Ufundiswa egameni . Uninzi lwabantu baseRussia banegama leengcambu lenye yeoyise. Zizo zonke iIvanovs ezidumileyo, iiPetrovs, iZidorovs, iIlyins, i-Borisovs njalonjalo. Kwakhona, isiseko sinokuba yiSilavic okanye amagama angapheliyo-Antipovs, Zhdanovs, Nevzorovs, Osipovs nabanye.
2. Ufundiswe kumsebenzi . Imisebenzi yomntu idla ngokubonakalayo kumagama egama lakhe. Kwaye kukho iBochkarevs, Kuznetsovs, Melnikovs, Karetnikovs, Khlebnikovs njalo njalo.
3. Ufundiswe kwimeko . Abantu basekuhlaleni bahlala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke kukho i-Bogoteevs, i-Nuzhdins, i-Nevzgodny, i-Skorobogatov, njl. Ngendlela, imvelaphi yegama likaNovikov lidibaniswe neli gama: "abasandul '" badla ngokuba batsha ngokutsha kwimeko okanye abasemzini.
4. Ukutshintsha amagama . IRashiya ngamaxesha onke kwakuyilizwe elininzi, kwaye ngoko amaninzi amaninzi asekelwe kwiTatar, Kalmyk, eBuryat amagama. Kodwa abafuduki bevela eYurophu babedla ngokutshintsha ukubiza kwabo phantsi kwefuthe lendawo entsha. Ngokomzekelo, isiFrentshi iMällier yaba iMelline, kwaye i-English Hamiltons yaba yiGametons.

Umvelaphi kunye nenjongo yegama elithi Novikov

I-Novikovs yimeko elolo hlobo xa igama lohlobo lwakhiwa ukusuka kwimeko emphakathini okanye kwiqela. Kwaye kukho nangoko kwakukho abantu abahlukeneyo, amaxesha kunye neemeko. Imvelaphi yegama likaNovikov ososayensi baphatha ngokuhlukileyo. Kukho iinguqulelo ezi-3:

1. Abaqeshwe emkhosini . Ukususela kwi-XII ukuya kwi-XVII leminyaka, amasosha aseRashiya ayebizwa ngokuthi "abatsha". Isibheno saqhutyelwa ubuncinane iminyaka emi-5 okanye kude kube yinto yokuqala yokulwa. Abasemagunyeni abaselula babeza kushiya inkonzo ngenxa yezizathu ezithile ngaphambili, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo inkcukacha zagcinwa kubo kuze kube sekupheleni kobomi babo.
2. Abahlali . Iindawo zasemaphandleni eRussia zihlala zidumileyo ngenxa ye-conservatism yazo kwaye zithandabuza kakhulu ukuba zamkele abantu bezinye iindawo zehlabathi. Ngamanye amaxesha ngisho nabazukulwana babemi bavela kwelinye ilizwe babizwa ngokuba "ama-novices" okanye "iindibano", oko kukuthi, abo bafika bevela kude.
3. Iimpawu zokuthengisa zamanye amazwe . Okumangalisa kukuba, abanye abantu abaneli gama baneengcambu zaseCzech okanye zasePoland. Ukuguqulwa kwabangaphandle baseNovak (i-novice) akukho kwiNovovskys okanye kwi-Novakevich, kodwa kwiNovikov yayisoloko isenzeka kumgca wesifazane. Ngokomzekelo, indoda yayinguNovak, kunye nomfazi wakhe - uNovavava. Xa sicinga ukuba kulula kakhulu ukuba abaninzi bathi "kwaye" emva kweleta ezilukhuni, utshintsho oluthile lwezandi lwenzeka.

Ukunikezelwa kwezi nguqulelo, ukubaluleka kwegama likaNovikov kwi-Old Slavonic, kwiilwimi zanamhlanje okanye zangaphandle-"kukutsha kwishishini okanye indawo." Njengoko iipolon zibonise, kumntu oqhelekileyo udibaniswa nento enhle, ilungileyo, eqinile kunye nomntu ngamnye. Oko kukuthi, nakunoma ikuphi na, inqununu inexabiso elihle.

UkuCima, UkuBhala kunye neNgcaciso

Imithetho yesiRashiya malunga negama likaNovikov lilula kakhulu: ekubeni iphela-- ov , ukhetho oluqhelekileyo lwe-declension lusebenza. Yiyo:

• Ngubani na? Yintoni? - Novikov, Novikova.
• Ngubani na? Yintoni? - Novikov, Novikova.
• Ngubani? Yintoni? - Novikov, Novikova.
• Ngubani na? Yintoni? - Novikov, Novikov.
• Ngubani? Yintoni? - Novikov, Novikova.
• Ngoobani? Malunga nantoni na? - Novikov, Novikova.

I-Declension isebenza ngokuzimeleyo koxinzelelo kwi-ifani.

Ukubhala kwisiLatini (ukuthumela iipasela ngaphandle) - Novikov okanye Novikova.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ingcambu- ngoku ibe ngumthombo wenani lamagama aseRashiya: Novitsky, Novichuk, Novosad, Novgorodtsev, Novichkovs, Novobranovs, Novopashins, Novoseltsevs njalo njalo. Intsikelelo yabo, kunye nencazelo yegama likaNovikov, liqulethwe ngolu hlobo lwe "newbie" (kwishishini, ubuchule) okanye "elitsha" (umfokazi, umtsha).

Impembelelo kwi-destiny

Kukho imbono ephikisanayo yokuba igama lomntu lichaphazela ngandlela-thile ikusasa lakhe. Umgaqo "nguwe igama lakho" akusoloko isebenza.

Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba intsingiselo kunye nemvelaphi yamagama kaNovikov ziyakwazi ukuba nomthelela kumntu othile. Akumangalisi ukuba igqitywe ngama-Heroes eSoviet Union, kwaye abantu abaninzi abaphetheyo badibanisa ubomi babo kunye nenkonzo yempi, ubupolisa, amayeza, ezemidlalo kunye nokuqeqesha, kunye nangenxa yezizathu ezithile zomculo kunye nesiteji. Nangona abantu abaqhelekileyo, abangazange bavelele kwimbali, banakho.