Ukubonwa kwidolophana yaseKhokhlovka (esifundeni seVer)

Bathi idolophana yaseKhokhlovka (ummandla we-Perm) unyaka ngamnye ukhangela iindwendwe ezininzi nakwiindawo ezivela kwihlabathi lonke.

Yisiphi isizathu sokuthandwa okunjalo? Ngaba ukuhlala ngokuthobeka kunokuba yinto enokubambisa kangaka? Ngaba ndifanele ndihambe apho eholide lam ezayo?

Kuvela ukuba yonke imibuzo emithathu ingentla iphendulwa ngaphandle kokungabaza.

Eli nqaku alithethi nje ngeendawo ezimangalisayo ezibizwa ngokuba yiKhokhlovka (ummandla we-Perm), ezo zimbonakalo zinokumangalisa nakona utyelelo oluninzi olunolwazi. Umfundi uya kufumana isiluleko esisebenzayo malunga nendlela yokufikelela kule ndawo yokuhlala, into ekufuneka uyihlawule ngokukodwa, kwaye yiziphi iziza ekuya kutyelela kuqala.

Icandelo 1. Inkcazelo ngokubanzi

Idolophana yaseKhokhlovka (ummandla we-Perm, ngendlela, inommandla omkhulu kakhulu) yindawo encinci yokuhlala kwindawo yokuhlala yasemaphandleni, ukuba kungenjalo "kodwa". Kwiindawo ezikufutshane kwakhiwa imyuziyamu emangalisayo yokwakha izakhiwo. Le nto ikhona kwindawo evulekile, kwaye namhlanje ithathwa njengenye yezinto eziphambili zee-Urals.

Indawo ekhoyo kwimephu kule ndawo inokufumaneka kwi-43 km ukusuka kwi-Perm, kwibhankini yoMlambo waseNgu, kungekude kwidolophana yegama elifanayo. Imyuziyamu yakhiwa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engama-60 yekhulu lokugqibela, kodwa ukuvula kwenzeka kuphela ngowe-1980. Kwintsimi yenkxenkxwa kukubonakaliswa okukhethileyo kwezikhumbuzo ezingama-23 zakhiwo zokwakha i-XVII-XX zeenkulungwane.

Kwidolophana yaseKhokhlovka (ummandla we-Perm) ezininzi iisampuli zaziswa kwezinye iindawo, kwaye phantse zonke zimelela izinto eziphambili zendalo zokwakha zaseRussia. Ininzi yazo iindawo zangaphakathi kunye nemiboniso eyinkimbinkimbi. Ummandla wembali weemyuziyam ungaphezu kwamahektare angama-35 kwaye uhlulwe ngamacandelo ambalwa: iNyakatho, iNyakatho-Koloni kunye ne-Southern Prikamye. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngamnye kubo unemisebenzi yakhe yokwakha.

Icandelo 2. Indlela yokufika khona

Ukusuka kwinqanaba lezithili ukuya kwidolophana yaseKhokhlovka (indawo ye-Perm, siyaqaphela, iyaziwa ngokuxhamla ukuthuthwa kwezothutho) inombolo yebhasi ye-340 ihamba isiteshini sebhasi. Iindwendwe zenziwa imihla ngemihla malunga neeyure ezingama-4-5. Ngeli xesha, abakhenkethi banokukwazi ukuboniswa kweedolophu zeplanga. Uhambo luthatha malunga neyure nesiqingatha. Ngelo xesha, malunga nesigamu indlela ehamba ngayo kwisixeko, emva kweKamskaya HPP. Iimyuziyam ziyakwazi ukufikelela ngemoto. Umgama ukusuka kwi-Perm ngowama-45 km.

Icandelo 3. Ulwakhiwo lwemyuziyam

Ngoko, ndimele ndincoma ntoni ukuba ndibone abo bagqiba ukuya kwidolophana yaseKhokhlovka? I-Perm Krai, ngokubanzi, lonke elaseRashiya, ngelishwa, ayikwazi ukuziqhayisa ngeendawo ezininzi, ngoko ke abavakhenkethi, njengoko bethetha, baqhubela phambili ukutyelela.

Inomdla omkhulu ngamasonto kunye namaziko oshishino anikezelwe ekukhutsheni ityuwa. Ukwakhiwa kwamabandla enkuni kwenzelwe kwizithethe zedolokhi yaseRashiya. Ukubunjwa kweetyuwa zenkampani zetyukliya kubandakanya: umbhobho we-pickle, i-cesspool, i-varnica, i-barn ende kunye ne-casket enkulu enesisindo esingamakhulu amathathu. Zonke ezi zakhiwo zaziswa apha ukusuka kwisiqithi sase-Ust-Borovsk saseSolikamsk.

Kwisigaba seMntla Prikamye kukho indawo ekhethekileyo yezakhiwo zokhuni kunye neesampuli zokuzicwangcisa indawo yokuhlala. Kwaye kwi-Southern Prikamie ungabona icawa yaseB Bogoroditskaya, ivela kwilali. I-Tokhtarevo, isithili saseSuksunsky, esiyikhumbuzo sezakhiwo zaseRashiya zangekhulu le-XVII. Nantsi intsimbi yentsimbi yeZiqu zintathu, enikelwe kumyuziyam. Ushizi.

Icandelo 4. Imbali yokudala

Ingcamango yokudala ubuncwane bemyuziyamu phantsi kwezulu evulekile yayingumqambi owaziwayo uA. S. Terekhin. Nguye lo mntu wakhetha indawo apho i-museum ikhona (Khokhlovka). I-Perm Territory, ngenxa yemozulu ekhethiweyo, ilungele le ndlela yokuhlala. Akukho ziqhamo eziseleyo kwaye ikakhulukazi ziqhwala, oku kuthetha ukuba umthi uya kugcinwa kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo kwaye aziyi kufuna ukulungiswa okongeziweyo ixesha elide.

Isigqibo sokuvula senziwa ngo-Apreli 1969. Yonke imisebenzi eyenziwa yi-Perm ekhethekileyo yesayensi kunye nokubuyisela iindibano zocweyo. Ukuvulwa kwemyuziyamu yokwakha kunye ne-ethnographic kwenzeka ngoSeptemba 1980.

Icandelo 5. Enye yezinto eziphambili kwidolophana yaseKhokhlovka (ummandla we-Perm): ukulungiswa kwetyuwa

Imbali yombutho wase-Kama uxhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo kwimveliso yeryuwa. Isivuno sokuqala setyuwa saqala ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-XV. I-Solikamsk, iPyskor, iDedyukhin kunye ne-Usolye yaba ngamaziko amashishini amakhulu.

Isakhiwo esakhiwe kule ndawo yokuloba sisetyenziswe kumyuziyam kummandla weNayile. Zonke izakhiwo zoshishino zaziswa zivela kwipropati yedolophu yaseSolikamsk. Umsunguli weemveliso zetyuwa ngu-AV Ryazantsev oshishino-mveliso, owasungula isityalo ngo-1882. Nangona kunjalo, i-old worksworks yavalwa ngo-1972.

Okwangoku, iindwendwe eziyinkimbinkimbi ziyakwazi ukuqhagamshelanisa nobugcisa bokufumana ityuwa. Ukupompoza le ngqayi emhlabathini, iqula lacinywa. Oku kudla ngokufikelela kwiminyaka emi-5. Emva koko, i-pine ipayipi yafakwa emgodini, i-matt, apho i-brine yaphakanyiswa nge-brine. Iipompo zavela kuphela kwiXVII inkulungwane.

Icandelo 6. Iicawa: Ukuguqulwa koguquko kunye neTheotokos

"Izikhumbuzo zama-Orthodox zedolophana yaseKhokhlovka. I-Perm Region "- ifoto elineli gama ifunyenwe, mhlawumbi, kwindwendwe nganye yesibini eyayivelele le ndawo. Yintoni engavamile ngoku?

Cinga izinto ezimbini eziphambili.

Icawa yokuguqulwa kwe-1707 ihluke kwiinkcukacha zayo. Wamzisa ngo-1985 ukusuka kwidolophana. Yanidor we sithili sase Cherdynsky. Isakhiwo si-2.3 m phezulu kwaye sinamalungu amathathu atyululwe kumgca owodwa. Isikhumbuzo sinokugqiba okungavumelekanga kwinqanaba eliphambili: eluphahleni lwephiko kukho umbhobho obhaptiziweyo onentloko. I-domes kunye nemibhobho ihlanganiswe ne-aspen shingles. Lo mzekelo wezakhiwo zaseRashiya zala maxesha kwagcinwa apha kuphela. Ukusuka empuma nasentshonalanga itempile inezibini ezimbini-isibingelelo kunye ne-refectory. Ngekhulu le-XIX, isakhiwo sasisetyenziselwa ukugcina amafurs.

Inxalenye yangaphakathi yetempileni inesipoti esivela kwigalari ukuya kwi-refectory. Ngaphakathi kukho izicathulo ezibaziweyo kunye nezibingelelo ezigqityiweyo. Iiplantshi zakhiwe ngamaplasi amakhulu, kufuphi neendonga kukho iibhentshi.

ICawa likaMongameli wethu ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVII laziswa kwii-80 zee-XX zenkulungwane. I-Tokhtarevo yesithili saseSuksu. Ngohlobo lokwakha icawa ibhekisela kwiitempile zentente. Isakhiwo esinezitezi ezimbini sineqonga, i-refectory kunye nevaranda. Umgqomo onomdongwe uhlanganisa isibingelelo. I-domes yecandelo eliphambili kunye nesibingelelo, kunye nombhobho uhlanganiswe ne-ploughshare. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, itempile yayiyinxalenye yenkxalabo, eyayiquka icawa kunye nensimbi yentsimbi.

Isiseko setempile esinokuphakama kwe-3 m sasetyenziselwa ukugcina ukutya okuziinkozo, izipho zesonto, njl. Ingaphakathi lecawa inembonakalo enokuthobeka - iibhentshi kunye neqonga lokunqula.

Icandelo 7. Inqaba yaseBell kunye neMboniselo

Insimbi yentsimbi ye-1781 yimihlobo yentente yezakhiwo. Le yikhumbuzo solu hlobo, olondolozwe kwingingqi ye-Perm. Kwimyuziyam yakhululwa kuma-70 ukusuka kwidolophana yeSithili saseSy Susu. Lapha kwabuyiselwa. I-belfry ye-bell tower ine-octagonal shape, apho kukho i-belfry eneentsika ezithoba. Intente ende ephethe iipolisi eziqingqiweyo igqiba isigubhu ephethe intloko ehlanganiswe nge-ploughshare.

Inqaba yokulinda, eyakhiwe kwi-XVII inkulungwane, yaziswa evela kwidolophana. Urhwebo lwesithili saseSuksu. Yayiyinto yokuqala yokugcina imyuziyamu eyabonakala kwintsimi yaseKhokhlovka. Ngaphambili, isakhiwo sasimelene nomgwaqo waseSiberia emlanjeni waseSylva kwaye yayiyingxenye yesiqithi saseTorgovishchensky, sasijikelezwe yinqanawa kunye neendonga. Ngethuba lomlilo ngo-1899, isakhiwo satshiswa, kwaye savuselelwa ngabasimili ngo-1905.

I-Chetverik enqabileyo inqunywe kwi-kondovoj wood. Kwiphahla lomgubo kukhona i-oktagon kunye nentente elalibekwe ngaphambili ngeemithi zeentlobo ze-coniferous. Umphezulu wendonga yokulinda wawukhwelwe ngotshaba olukhongwe kabini olwenziwe ngomthi.

Icandelo 8. Ukuzingela i-stanovishche (1996)

Ukuzingela i-stanovishche yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukungena kumyuziyam.

Ukuzingela kwakungomnye wemithombo yobomi bezizwe ezisentla. Izakhiwo zolu hlobo zahlula zibe ziindidi ezininzi: ukugcinwa ("i-chamya") kunye nezindlu ("ukukhukhuma"). I-Labaz ifakwe kwisiqu. Ukukhusela kumagundane, inxalenye engezantsi ye-trunk yahlulwa. Ngaphakathi kwimilo yelogi kukho isitofu sokubamba isitofu, izibonda zokufihla kunye neengubo, izikhonkwane zodonga kunye neengqungquthela.

Icandelo 9. I- Windmill kunye nokuphelisa umlilo

Ilitye, eyakhiwe ngumlimi ocebileyo uK. Rakhmanov ekhulwini le-19, yavela eShikhari kwidolophu yaseOcher ngo-1977. Kwintliziyo yokwakhiwa kwinqanaba le-octagonal, ukukhumbuza izakhiwo ezisentla ezisenyakatho. Uphahla lwetye lokujikeleza lujikeleza kwisikhokelo sokubonga umoya kwi-lever ekhethekileyo.

Isikhululo somlilo, esakhiwe kwidolophana yaseSkobelevka kuma-30s ekhulwini lokugqibela, sabonakala kwi-museum ngo-1977. Ukwakhiwa kwesigxina kunye nomgca kunamagumbi angaphantsi. Inqaba ye-sentinel ikhonkwane, ixhaswe ngeendonga ezivela emigodini.

Ngaphantsi kwetente yentaba kukho insimbi. Ngaphakathi kukho iipeliti kunye neenqwelo ezinamaphampu ezandla, kunye neigigs kunye nebarrels zamanzi.

Icandelo 10. Iipropati ezifana neRashiya

Ngokutsho kwabahambi abanamava, kungekhona kuphela ummandla waseRashiya onjalo wesicwangciso esiyiKhokhlovka. I-Permsky Kray yeveki yeeholide ingahle iququzelele ngokumangalisayo, kodwa abo abanomdla kule nkalo ngokwenene bafanele bahambe ngeenxa zonke kwilizwe.

Kufuneka uhambele ezinye izinto ezifana neyamyuziyamu kunye nokuboniswa kobugcisa kunye ne-ethnographic. Mhlawumbi ezona ziwayo zilandelayo:

• Isixeko saseTchaikovsky. Isakhiwo seMyuziyam "iSaigatka" phantsi kweMbali yeTchaikovsky yeMbali yeNgingqi.
• Indawo yaseChusovo ethnographic, esekelwe kwidolophu yaseChusovo. Apha, abo banqwenelayo banokuthintela yonke imiboniso yemyuziyam.
• Zininzi izikhumbuzo zokwakha ezikwisixeko sase-Usolye (iTransfiguration Cathedral, Chamber of Stroganov, njl.).