Ukwakhiwa "A" kwi "Z": Umsebenzi geodetic

Ukuba uyakhumbula le ntetho ukuba ummeli sex ngokomelela ebomini lwakhe lumele ukuzala ukukhulisa umntwana, imithi nokwakha indlu intsapho yakhe. Noko ke, ukuba iimeko ezimbini zokuqala isininzi sabemi behlabathi musa kunokubangela naziphi na iingxaki, yeyona yokugqibela yi hayi elula kangaka. Ngapha koko, ukuba kwakhiwe isakhiwo, omnye umnqweno akwanelanga. Kufuneka ube isixa esikhulu ulwazi kolu lwakhiwo kunye encedisayo zenzululwazi, ingakumbi geodesy.

Concepts aqinile

Enye izigaba ezibalulekileyo okulungiselela zokwakha - imisebenzi geodetic zokumakisha. Ngokusebenza kwabo wenza nemizobo ezizodwa zeprojekthi engundoqo. Injongo yomsebenzi onjalo - ukulungisa emhlabeni indawo othe tye kunye nkqo ye iingongoma structure isakhiwo. Le fineness zokwenza imisebenzi nto kweeshelfu ngqo emhlabeni, kwi "indalo" kuzo zonke engile kuyimfuneko, imigama kunye ukuphakama kuvumelekile.

umsebenzi Geodetic lwenziwa amanyathelo amathathu, ukuba akukho linings engalindelekanga:

• e inyathelo lokuqala ingeniswe axis enkulu kunye nezakhiwo ezingenakususwa phantsi kusakhiwa;
• yaphulwe phantsi kwiindawo - zenziwa yaye ekhwele nangeempahla ezibukhali zesinyithi ezahlukeneyo ezinye iziqalelo ze izakhiwo yokwakha elizayo;
• umsebenzi geodetic ezigqityiweyo amazembe ulwahlulo ukufaka izixhobo eziyimfuneko kumsebenzi ngakumbi.

ngeendlela

Ukuze kuveliswe iinkcukacha lonke ilungelo, kufuneka ucinge eziliqela. Akhawunti kufuneka kuthathwe zejometri parameters yenjongosenzi phantsi kusakhiwa, indawo iingongoma ezenza uthungelwano geodetic, ubukho iintlobo kunye iintlobo zezixhobo zomculo yokulinganisa. Ngokusisiseko, geodetic imisebenzi eziveliswa iinkqubo ezifana zokumakisha:

• accounting for Polar kunye ezihambelanayo cartesian;
• Ukufakelwa ulungelelwaniso, serif emboxo nemicwe;
• Ukufakelwa serif uhlobo exubeneyo - Lumi-emboxo, Lumi-linear kunye tye.

Ukuphunyezwa elula imisebenzi geodetic kugqalwa indlela ingxelo ngayo ezihambelanayo buxande. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuba ukusetyenziswa esakhiweni kufuneka ukwakha axis ukuya kwinkqubo yokwakha nokubala. Zinika ithuba ukwaphula iprojekthi liqhuma yaye athathele ingqalelo abaninzi kujonge izinto ezingundoqo kwisakhiwo esikhulu. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba phambi kokuba yokuwa kuyimfuneko ukwenza izenzo ezizodwa ndiwenze imizobo kunye nemizobo kusithiwa stakeout.

Ukusebenzisa imisebenzi geodetic ekwakhiweni

Geodetic umsebenzi wokwakha wenziwe ngqo ngokungqinelana nemigaqo esisiseko kunye nemimiselo. Iqhosha ingaqatshelwa malungiselelo alandelayo:

• Yonke imilinganiselo kunye izibalo kwinkqubo yokwakha kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuchanekileyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ukonga imali kunye nezixhobo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. sikhokelo Geodetic kufuneka kwenziwa ngohlobo igridi, apho abalinganiswa ezizodwa esisigxina geodeziopunkty esisiseko ebonisa indawo wokwakha kwi kwindawo real;
• ukuziphatha stakeout efunekayo iyabophelela ngokuma kunye nezinye GeoNetwork stroyobektam;
• Wonke umsebenzi enxulumene ukuwa, kufuneka wenziwe ngokungqongqo izicwangciso kunye nemizobo, isiseko apho icebo jikelele kunye nesakhiwo jikelele stroyobekta zathathwa.

imisebenzi zokumakisha kufuneka zenziwe ngokungqongqo ngexesha elibekiweyo, ngokutsho amanqanaba yokwakha.